Bologna university project in the sultanate of oman (2023): Fieldwork activities at al khutm and ras al hadd - Cattani, Maurizo; Barchiesi, Francesca; Cavazzuti, Claudio; Cocca, Enzo (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
Bologna University has a long tradition of research activities in the Sultanate of Oman, with investigation in the coastal area of Sharqiyah and more recently in the project of Al Khutm tower in the area of Bat (Al Dhahirah Governorate). The fieldwork of the campaign 2022-2023 was carried out at Al Khutm investigating the outer area of the tower characterized by a monumental stone wall. The archaeological complex appears now more valuable with a unique outline of defensive and entangled structures. Several finds, including pottery, softstone and metal, are defining the starting of the construction at the end of 3rd mill. BCE. At Ras Al Hadd the Italian team is currently involved in the excavation of the early 3rd mill. BCE cemetery around the settlement of HD-6. Several clusters of cairns as part of two main cemeteries named HD-7 and HD-10 were identified in previous research. Among dozens of burial structures, the current investigation concerned the group 12 of HD-7 cemetery and three cairns were excavated. The preliminary results show the regional character of cairns with specific size, architectural features and ritual customs.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

French mission “arabian seashores”: The desert project “exploring the omani rub’ al khali” (december 2022) - Charpentier, Vincent; Maiorano, Maria Pia (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The French mission “Arabian Seashores” has been exploring the Omani coast of the Arabian Sea since 2010. The team has prospected, surveyed various sites, and conducted excavations at Khuwaymah, Masirah Island, Hallaniyat Archipelago, Sharbithat, Hasik as well as other sites along the coast. Additionally, they have explored the Jebel Qara and several rock art sites. The mission’s research focuses on the chronology of the Final Paleolithic to the Early Bronze Age, spanning the period between 10,000 and 2000 BCE. Specifically, their attention is on the transition from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic era, marking the shift from predatory societies to the first productive communities. The mission has made significant discoveries, including the Final Paleolithic cave of Natif and the Neolithic sites of Ad-Dahariz (Salalah), Hasik, and Sharbithat. Simultaneously, a project in the Rub’ Al Khali desert was carried out in collaboration with a team of geologists and paleontologists. During the latest mission in December 2022, particular emphasis was placed on research in this area, confirming the extraordinary potential of these sites. The campaign played a critical role in enhancing our understanding of cultural transfer, settling patterns, and technological innovation in Southern Arabia during the Neolithic period. Overall, the project has expanded our current knowledge of Neolithic cultures in desert locations by conducting an integrated study of the paleoenvironment and a techno-quantitative examination of the lithic industries. This work lays the foundation for future research in this field.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Archaeological expedition to al khashbah (2023): Rock art survey - Döpper, Stephanie (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
In 2023, a new project on rock art in Eastern Arabia, with special focus on the Al Sharqiyah North Governorate started. It aims at recording the spatial and chronological distribution of rock art as well as its integration into the natural and anthropogenic landscape. In the first field season from February to April 2023, over 4,000 rock art images have been recorded at the sites of Al Tasawir, Lizq, Al Khashbah and Al Rakhi. This encompassed digital sketches of the rock art panels, photography of the individual rock art images, taking of UTM coordinates, and vectorising the photographs on a computer later on. In addition, 3D models of all recorded sites were generated by structure-from-motion (SfM). As a citizen science component of the project, a smartphone application (Rock Art Oman) was developed that allows everyone to support the project by documenting rock art in an easy manner. This does not only provide more data for research but also help to foster the awareness of people in Oman for their rock art heritage.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Omani-italian archaeological expedition at al tikha (2023) - Douglas, Khaled; Pizzimenti, Sara (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The Omani-Italian Archaeological Expedition at Al Tikha, a joint project between the Sultan Qaboos University and the University of Pisa started in 2022 with the aim to investigate the archaeological site of Al Tikha, strategically located in the Batinah plain, near modern city of Al Rustaq. The 2023 excavation season focused on seven distinct areas: settlements (Mound A, Mound B, Building S1, Building S2), a metallurgical site (Mound C), and the necropolis (T1, T2).
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Wadi al jizzi archaeological project 2023 - Düring, Bleda S. (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
This paper presents the main results of the 2023 excavations at Site 73 / 66 in the Liwa hinterlands (northern Oman) undertaken by the WAJAP team. Excavations focused on domestic buildings dating to the Umm an-Nar and Wadi Suq period. Here, the buildings and the deposits found within them will be discussed.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Archaeological landscape and environmental dynamics of duqm and nejd (ARDUQ): Season 2 (2022-2023) - Garba, Roman; Danielisová, Alžběta F.; Rose, Jeffrey I. (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
In March 2023, an international team of archaeologists, anthropologists and geologists led by the Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences in Prague successfully completed the second season of the ARDUQ (Archaeological landscape and environmental dynamics of Duqm and Nejd) expedition. Researchers from ten countries took part in fieldwork in two regions of the Sultanate. The first team, based in Duqm (south-central Oman), carried out fieldwork at Nafūn, excavating a Neolithic collective burial and documenting extensive rock art sites, both unique in south-east Arabia. Small test trenches for lithic studies were also carried out. ARDUQ’s investigations reveal a rich archaeological landscape at Duqm with long-term occupation. The second team worked in Dhofar (southern Oman). The team discovered seven Lower Palaeolithic sites in the Rub’ Al Khālī desert, with a high concentration of handaxes. Test trenches on the Nejd plateau revealed stratified Middle Palaeolithic artefacts of Nubian Complex, and samples were taken for optical stimulated luminescence dating. A systematic study of the flint raw material was also initiated. Research at Dhofar will shed new light on the early hominin and anatomically modern human dispersal Out of Africa, a topic of global importance and interest.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

A diamond in the raw in oman (season 2022): Al ṣalaylī archaeological project - Gaudiello, Michela (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
After about 5-year of survey in Al Ṣalaylī valley, conducted by the Heidelberg University team, in November 2022 have started the proper archaeological excavation at the site. The documented archaeological evidence which characterized the site of Al Ṣalaylī, span from the Iron Age to the Late Islamic periods. Despite the high number of hut tombs, may be dated to the (Late?) Iron Age period, the 2022 season of archaeological excavation focused on that area of the site previously labelled “Persian Village”. The excavation confirmed that part of the site was inhabited and exploited during the Islamic period. Due the different typology of structures put in evidence in the partially excavated Trench 1, the area has been renamed as “Settlement / Workshop”. The first season of archaeological excavation was made possible thanks to the Beatrice de Cardi award funded by the Society of Antiquaries of London.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Italian archaeological research at daba al bayah (2022): Exploration and analysis of burials at the bottom of the LCG-2 tomb - Genchi, Francesco (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The stratigraphic investigations on tomb LCG-2 led to the identification of the phase of use of the tomb floor, which, on the basis of radiocarbon dating and archaeological material, seems to refer to a final phase of Iron Age III. The research of our last exploratory season focused on the continuation of the investigation of this homogeneous phase identified at the base of the corridor. The base is characterized by a clay path running through the centre of the corridor, bordered by elongated pits containing burials and objects and informing us of how the bottom of the structure was used. This contribution focuses on the description of the last burials exposed at the bottom.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Italian archaeological mission of the university of naples l’orientale in dhofar, oman (2022-2023): Archaeological research at al baleed - Giunta, Roberta; D’Andrea, Andrea (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The Italian archaeological mission of L’Orientale in the Dhofar region was established several years ago and has carried out some short surveys and two excavation campaigns (December 2021-January 2022 and December 2022-January 2023). The main objective of the mission is to continue research at the archaeological site of Al Baleed (ancient Ẓafār) –located in the Salalah area, which has been the subject of numerous archaeological investigation since the middle of the last century. The site covers more than 1.5 km × 800 m, but a large part still remains unexplored, and questions concerning its foundation, stratigraphic sequences and the materials that have been brought to light still require in-depth investigation. In order to gain a deeper knowledge of the occupation of the area in the medieval Islamic period, it is considered equally necessary to undertake research and study of the numerous burial spaces in the Salalah area. Within this context, the mission began a survey aimed at documenting the large cemeteries located in the western part of the site of Al Baleed (outside the boundary wall) and at Al Robat, two areas which, on preliminary investigation, appear to preserve the oldest funerary evidence.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Archaeological water histories of oman (ArWHO) project (2022-23): Iron age settlements and trade in yanqul wilayat - Harrower, Michael J.; Paulsen, Paige (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The ArWHO project’s 2023 season focused on the Iron Age and early Islamic Periods, specifically concentrating on mapping settlement architecture and exploring trade in softstone and copper resources in Yanqul Wilayat. The ArWHO team mapped architecture at four Iron Age sites, discovered an ancient softstone (chlorite) quarry, and tested an autonomous Ground Penetrating Radar system. Additionally, the project engaged local residents by organising a Yanqul Community Archaeology Day to share findings and promote awareness of archaeology. Our work clarifies the histories of ancient societies, their environment, architecture, and trade activities contributing to deeper understanding of the ancient past.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Khor kharfot research project (2022 & 2023): Wadi sayq, dhofar, sultanate of oman - Hauck, F. Richard (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
Beginning in the spring of 2014, the Archeological Research Institute (ARI) has been involved in archaeological investigations in the Khor Kharfot Archaeological Reserve of Dhofar, Oman. A three-year excavation contract was signed with Sultan Qaboos’s advisory council in 2015. In 2022 the excavation permit was granted a five-year renewal with the Omani Ministry of Heritage and Tourism. This article summarizes the efforts of Campaigns 6 and 7 during 2022 and 2023 to expand an appreciation of Wadi Sayq’s ancient environment and its early Paleolithic through Islamic period occupations and extensive architecture. This summary of Campaigns 6 and 7 excavations contains ARI’s recent discoveries at five separate loci: site II-4 (Neolithic and Iron Age occupation site), site IV-1 (Neolithic Kharfot Mound Site), site IV-3 (Neolithic-Iron Age-Islamic Period Alcove Site), site IV-4 (Neolithic Upper Platform), and site IV-5 (Neolithic Walkway).
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Sultan qaboos university project in oman (2022): Discovery of an early bronze age settlement in al ghoryeen, mudhaybi, sultanate of oman - Jahwari, Nasser Said al-; Douglas, Khaled; Hesein, Mohamad (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The Department of Archaeology at Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), in collaboration with the Ministry of Heritage and Tourism (MHT), has conducted the 3rd season (December 2022) of intensive excavations at the site of Al Ghoryeen in Wadi Andam region on the southern fringes of the eastern Hajar Mountains in the Northern Al Sharqiyah Governorate of Oman. It was excavated under the direction of Professor Nasser S. Al-Jahwari and Dr Khaled Douglas. Participants included colleagues and MA students from the Department of Archaeology at SQU (Dr Mohamad Hesein, Dr Nasser Al-Hinaei, Yaqoob Al-Rahbi, Yaqoob Al-Bahri, Al-Reem Al-Alawi, Suad Al-Harasi, Wajd Al-Zakwani, Buthainah Al-Ghofaili and Huda Al-Daihani) and the German Archaeological Instiute in Berlin (represented by Dr Kristina Pfeifer). The results of the excavation discovered the first and largest settlement in Oman dating back to the Early Bronze Age of Hafit period (ca. 3400-2700 BC).
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

French archaeological mission to central oman (2023): Explorations in bisya - Jean, Mathilde; Sauvage, Martin (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The French Archaeological Mission in Central Oman (FAMCO) studies the diachronic settlement of Bisya, one of the Oman peninsula’s main archaeological zones, in the Hajar mountains foothills. This region, which benefits from a location at the confluence of several wadis and local mineral resources, has been populated since the Paleolithic. It experienced a particularly prosperous development in the Early Bronze Age and the Iron Age. The first aim of the mission is to identify the development of human communities through survey and excavation. The Palaeolithic program investigates the first settlements of the Arabian Peninsula, determining the presence or absence of Neanderthal populations and their relationship to the arrival of modern Homo sapiens between the Lower and Middle Palaeolithic. The central part of the mission focuses on the Early Bronze Age to understand the beginnings of the oasis agrosystem, the domestication of the date palm, the first irrigation systems, the development of monumental domestic and funerary architecture, and the appearance of local crafts (pottery, copper metallurgy). Our research aims to provide new evidence on the role of Oman (Land of Magan in the Mesopotamian texts) within the Middle East during the Bronze Age, particularly its relations with Lower Mesopotamia (Sumerian country), Iran (the region of Fars and Makran) and the Indus Valley.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

ISTIDAMA: The long-term cultural sustainability project (2022-23): Surveys and excavations in tanūf, ad-dākhilīyah governorate - Kondo, Yasuhisa (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The Long-Term Cultural Sustainability (ISTIDAMA) Project aims to identify the eco-cultural factors of sustainable lifeways and historical landscapes of the canyons and foothills of the Hajar Mountains. To this end, the project team conducted three field activities: (1) general surveys in the Tanūf district of Ad-Dākhilīyah Governorate, (2) detailed documentation of the cemeteries in the survey area, and (3) excavations at the cave site of Mughārat Al Kahf in Wadi Tanūf. Regarding the general survey, the team documented seven archaeological sites in Wadi Tanūf and six sites in As-Suwaihiriyah in the floodplain of Wadi Al Abyad at 5 km east of Tanūf. Among these, the team documented the cemetery of WTN07, 13, and 14 in detail. These cemeteries were occupied from the Wadi Suq period (ca. 2000 to 1600 BCE) and Early Iron Age (ca. 1300–650 BCE). In the cave site, the team opened a new trench next to the last season’s one to verify stratigraphy. The team also took coprolite, date stone, charcoal, and soil sample for ancient DNA, stable isotope, and radiocarbon dating analyses.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

DHOMIAP project (2022-23): New archaeological discoveries in dhofar - Lischi, Silvia (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The archaeological campaign at Khor Rori made a significant contribution to the understanding of the history and culture of the region. It focused on three main objectives: to increase knowledge of the KR-N1 necropolis, to determine the chronology and function of previously discovered structures, and to understand the land use of the Dhofar Coastal Culture and the Ancient South Arabians. To achieve these objectives, exploratory investigations were carried out in three different structures to determine their chronology, cultural affiliation, and possible use. At the same time, the study of the KR-N1 necropolis continued, with particular emphasis on dolmenic cysts and multiple cist tombs. This excavation provided valuable insights into the chronology, depositional features and mortuary practices of the Dhofar Coastal Culture. In addition, we summarise here the preliminary results of the archaeological campaign at Wadi Andhūr, part of the HELFA programme under the DHOMIAP project. The campaign aimed to explore the archaeologically rich area of Wadi Andhūr. Notable discoveries include confirmation of the South Arabian origin of the site DMa0610 and an inscribed stone of South Arabian origin. Further research is needed to answer questions about the site’s chronology, use and links with other settlements.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Ichtyophagoi, their culture and economy: Survey and excavation in wadi bani khalid (WBK1, aqr zaida al athri) and tiwi - Loreto, Romolo (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
Project’s activities in the Sultanate of Oman, Ash-Sharqiyah North region, are directed towards the study of the Iron Age in northern Oman, in order to investigate those historical cultures known as fish-eating communities (Ichtyophagoi) from Greco-Roman sources and locally defined as Early to Late Iron Age cultural facies. From 2014 to 2018 the project focused on the study of the seasonal coastal economy of northern Oman in the Iron Age, in particular the phases of the 1st millennium BCE, between Qurayat and Ras Al Hadd, including Bamah and Tiwi as main coastal sites. Since 2018, the joint project has extended the area of research to urban oases further inland, along the Al Hajar mountain range, to define the settlement strategies between the Iron Age and the advent of Islam. These seasonal villages were in fact part of a complex socio-economic network involving the urban and agricultural oases in the interior, located along the Al Hajar mountain range, possessing their own hunting/fishing, farming and livestock economies, acted as bridges for trade between the coasts and the more inland regions, between Oman and the Emirates for at least the entire first half of the 1st millennium BCE and from the 1st century BCE to the 4th century CE.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

DExPO project (2022-23): Dolphin exploitation in prehistoric oman - Maini, Elena (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
Prehistoric communities along the coasts of southeastern Arabia relied heavily on marine resources. However, dolphin remains in the zooarchaeological record remain poorly understood due to fragmentation, taphonomic changes, limited osteological collections, and the lack of a specific methodology for determination. In response to these challenges, the DExPO project aimed to develop a protocol for the analysis of osteological data from odontocetes and cetaceans from Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age sites in central Oman. Agreements with the Ministry of Heritage and Tourism along and support from the Natural History Museum of Oman facilitated the project. Initial implementation took place in a pilot project (2019-2020) on cetaceans in the NHM collection, and has been extended to analyse archaeological remains from key sites in Ash-Sharqiyah Governorate. Ongoing objectives include developing a methodology for identifying and documenting archaeological dolphin remains and applying these methods to large osteological collections. This is central to the study of dolphin hunting and exploitation strategies, combining zooarchaeological, material culture and environmental data, using ethnographic parallels and experimental approaches. Through the DExPO project, the enigmatic relationship between prehistoric communities and marine mammals is gradually being unravelled, providing insights into their ancient coexistence along the coasts of the Arabian Sea.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

First research activities at the prehistoric mountain site hayl ajah at the inner flank of al jabal al kawr - Mateiciucová, Inna; Wilding, Maximilian (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
As the first undertaking of its kind, Project SIPO has embarked in 2018 on the environmental-archaeological research of a lithic site in Oman in a true mountain ambient – Hayl Ajah (a large sediment-filled depression at 1019 m a.s.l. on an intermontane karst plateau between Al Jabal Al Kawr and Al Jabal Al Ghul; Figs 1 and 2). Because porous karstic limestone – other than more compact rocks – allows the infiltration of precipitation water into the matrix of the rock itself, our project aims to find out, whether during prehistoric periods a degree of water storage inside limestone rock-layers and aeolian surface sediments could have made good for the reduced precipitation in the northern part of Oman compared to the country’s south. Judging from the archaeological finds, the site Hayl Ajah and similar smaller sediment places in the surroundings mountains have been accessed by people during different prehistoric periods (probably since the Middle Palaeolithic, definitely during the Neolithic and Umm an-Nar period). At the present stage we encounter various kinds of small, dispersed water and sediment features in our research area that could have served mobile foragingpastoral groups while roaming the bleak mountain landscape. Indicative of this is the remarkably wide spectrum of mostly non-local raw materials used for the stone artefacts of Hayl Ajah. For some of the lithics encountered at the mountain site, yet no real analogy to lithic traditions in other parts of the Arabian Peninsula can be found. Other stone artefacts, according to first OSL/C14 dates, belong to a time period when aridization was under way (Late Neolithic). From this evidence we infer tentatively that mountainous places in Al Jabal Al Hajar have had significance for prehistoric humans during past dry periods - perhaps as the “roof section” of an environmentally diversified, yet integrated refugium in the Kawr-Akhdar Area encompassing the more open alluvial places at the mountain front (cf. Uerpmann, Uerpmann & Jasim 2000).
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

La trobe archaeological research in oman: The archaeology of out of africa dispersal events in oman (2019-2022) - Meredith-Williams, Matthew; Fitzpatrick, Dianne (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The debate on the timing and nature of “Out of Africa” dispersals of multiple waves of the genus Homo has been based on a limited number of securely dated sites; the majority of the Palaeolithic archaeological record for Arabia is represented by undated surface sites. This project aims to contribute to the body of knowledge and debate through targeted field survey for stratified Palaeolithic sites that can be well dated. A multidisciplinary team of geologists, geomorphologists, hydrologists, dating experts and archaeologists has been assembled to specifically target this question. Our first three survey seasons in 2019, 2020 and 2022 gave invaluable insights into the landscape setting of Oman which have fed directly into the later seasons. Preliminary results include a number of surface sites with material typologically linked to the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic of Oman, and a small number of stratified sites have been identified and are currently undergoing analysis.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Archaeological exploration of fulayj near saham in the north batinah governate (2016-23) - Priestman, Seth; Jahwari, Nasser Said al-; MacDonald, Eve; Kennet, Derek (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The Fulayj Fort Project focuses on the unique archaeological remains at the site of Fulayj: a small, regularly planned, heavily defended, stone-built fortification constructed sometime between the early 5th to mid-6th century AD during the late pre-Islamic period and its subsequently reoccupation during the first decades following the Islamic conquest of Oman in the 7th century (Figs. 1-2). The fourth season of excavation took place over a six-week period from the 10th of January to the 20th of February 2023. It involved the work of an international team with a maximum of ten participants, including specialists from the UK, Oman, Canada, Greece and the Republic of Georgia. We were pleased to host one trainee from the Ministry of Heritage and Tourism regional office of the North Batinah Governate (Fig. 3). Excavation focused on the eastern side of the fort near to the fort entranceway (Fig. 4) with work in the north-east corner extending our understanding of a series of mudbrick rooms associated with the secondary occupation of the fort in the early Islamic period. Further excavations were opened in the south-east corner, and on the fort exterior across the south-east corner tower.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Archaeological exploration of suhar port in the north batinah governate (2023) - Priestman, Seth; Jahwari, Nasser Said al-; MacDonald, Eve; Kennet, Derek (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
Suhar was one of the leading ports in the Indian Ocean during the Abbasid period. With Basra and Siraf, it formed a centre of maritime power in the Gulf and Arabia. The historian and traveller Istakhri, who wrote the Kitab Al-Masalik wa Al-Mamalik, and who lived in the 10th century, tells us that Suhar was the biggest and richest town in Oman. He tells us that it is not possible to find a city more rich in buildings and foreign wares than Suhar, and that many merchants live there who trade in ships with other countries. It is known that merchants came to Suhar from China, India and many other places. It is certain that Suhar is the most important location in Oman for the history of the first centuries of Islam. Archaeological research has already been carried out in Suhar, in the 1970s and 1980s, but there is still much more to learn about this important place. In January 2023 a British and Omani archaeological team led by Seth Priestman visited the town to investigate the remaining archaeological evidence (Fig. 1). A short sur-vey of the town revealed important information about its history. New locations came to light and important new finds of imported Chinese ceramic were made. The British and Omani team is hoping to continue work at Suhar so that the full potential of this important site can be developed.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Archaeological exploration of seeb (al hail north) in the muscat governate (2022-23) - Priestman, Seth; MacDonald, Eve; Gajewska, Maria (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
"Seeb is the site of an extensive coastal settlement located in the northern suburbs of Muscat. Previous investigations by Romolo Loreto in 2013 indicate the presence of areas of deep stratigraphy, intact occupation deposits and architectural remains covering most phases of the Islamic period. More recently, documentation by the local community has highlighted the exceptional quality of the finds assemblage, with objects drawn from across the Indian Ocean world, often closely comparable to materials from other key urban centres in the region such as Suhar, Samarra or Siraf. The existence of a large urban centre on the southern Batinah remains to be better integrated into our wider historic reconstruction of the medieval topography of Oman. To address this, a three-week field-walking survey, followed by a week of finds processing, was carried out in January-February 2023. It involved mapping and surface collection to augment our understanding of the size, nature, and diachronic development of the medieval settlement. The work was conceived in partnership with the local community, taking the factor of existing interest as the motivating driver in the plan and design of future research. Public workshops, social media and continuing conversations with residents and other stakeholders form important channels in the pursuit of the project."
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Sapienza university of rome archaeological mission in the arabian peninsula and the gulf area (MASPAG): Archaeological explorations in wadi al ma’awel 2022-23 - Ramazzotti, Marco (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
Sapienza Archaeological Mission in the Arabian Peninsula and the Gulf Area (MASPAG) surveys in the Omani southern Batinah, southwest of Muscat, near the Muslimat oasis, has recently revealed a new hitherto unknown multi-millennial archaeological landscape crossed by the Tropic of Cancer. In this vast area, two enormous cemeteries with hundreds of collective tombs have been identified. The oldest graves typologically and morphologically date from the end of the 4th millennium, but both the cemeteries appear to be associated with long-lasting settlements continuously inhabited up to the Islamic period. The two cemeteries next to a settlement that was fortified in the Iron Age offer the possibility of investigating the social complexity of those mobile groups interposed between south-eastern Arabia and the Persian Gulf on a broad spectrum. Powerful coalitions capable of governing large portions of the piedmont territory interposed between the rocky Hajar mountains and the spectacular western coasts of the Arabian Sea, a nomadic and half-nomadic territorial state in the south-eastern frontier of the ancient Near East which Mesopotamian texts identify as the Land of Magan.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Archaeological expedition to al khashbah (2023): UmWeltWandel, paleoenvironmental studies - Schmidt, Conrad; Beuzen-Waller, Tara; Schmitt, Katharina; Reinhardt, Antonia; Proctor, Lucas (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The final field season of paleoenvironmental studies for the UmWeltWandel project lasted from 7 January–17 April 2023. It resulted in the collection of further samples of sediment, rock, charcoal, snail, plant, pollen, and water for laboratory analysis in Germany. More than 70 sedimentological sections were investigated in the vicinity of Al Khashbah to study soil and landscape formation processes. Once completed, these studies will provide important insights into climate and vegetation of the Neolithic and Bronze Age in Central Oman.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Archaeological expedition to al khashbah (2023): Ibra south - Schmidt, Conrad; Kluge, Jonas; Biezeveld, Irini (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
A small, newly discovered Umm an-Nar settlement close to the southern outskirts of the modern city of Ibra was investigated by a team from the University of Frankfurt, Germany between 1 March 2023 and 11 April 2023. The investigation included a detailed surface survey with find collection, as well as small-scale excavations at two of the buildings. The results of the first campaign suggest a well-planned settlement structure with specialized areas for the production or refinement of copper and copper objects. Of particular importance was the discovery of multiple plano-convex copper ingots during the excavations of one of the domestic buildings.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Archaeological expedition to al khashbah (2023): Al khashbah KHS-a - Schmidt, Conrad; Maiorano, Maria Pia; Proctor, Lucas (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
Several locations north of the village of Al Khashbah have yielded Neolithic remains, most likely due to the area’s accessible chert outcrops and elevated fluvial terrace systems overlooking wadi floodplains. KHS-A, the main Neolithic site in the area, is distinguished by extensive flint scatters, isolated stone constructions, and fireplaces. In 2022, the team excavated a preliminary test trench (KHS-A.1) that yielded a high number of lithics and charcoal samples. Radiocarbon dating placed the age of the complex within the Late Neolithic Period. In 2023, further excavations at KHS-A.13 were undertaken with the goal of confirming the age dating of the site and expanding our understanding of the extent and occupational sequence of the KHS-A complex. The trench consisted of a 3 × 4 m exposure revealing multiple fireplaces, ash pits, and post holes. The investigation of the Neolithic occupations at Al Khashbah seeks to open new routes and further perspectives in the study of Early and Middle Holocene in the broad area between the mountains and the Rub Al Khali desert.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Archaeological investigations on the necropolis of khor jarama: Campaign 2021-2022 - Sévin Allouet, Christophe (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
Archaeological campaigns led during these last five years on the necropolis of Khor Jarama, located in the Ja’alan area, has brought to light what is probably a new prehistoric culture unknown in Oman. Indeed, the excavation of seven tombs located not far from the Jarama lagoon has enabled the discovery of the first funerary monuments known to date in Oman. These latter have been dated from the middle of the 4th millennium BCE for the oldest ones, that is to say several centuries before the monumental tombs of Hafit period. These tombs are characterized by new architectures as well as by new funerary practices observed in Oman. This discovery fills a void of data observed until now in Oman and located between 3600 and 3200 BCE, that is to say the period of transition between the end of the Neolithic and the beginning of the Hafit period. This discovery highly changes the vision that we had about the first prehistoric societies in Oman: there is probably here, very early at the end of the Neolithic, structured groups, probably hierarchized, and led by members buried in monumental tombs. A new campaign of survey in the Ja’alan area has allowed the discovery of eight others necropolis showing the same architectural characteristics than tombs of Jarama, and thus belonging probably to this period. Current investigations on these necropolis could come to confirm the identification of a new prehistoric period in Oman.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Bat archaeological project (2022-2023): Beyond the bat oasis - Swerida, Jennifer; Dollarhide, Eli; Jensen, Reilly; Bryant, Robert (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The Bat Archaeological Project conducted its winter field season from December 26, 2022 until March 5, 2023. Our research focused on different areas of the Bat area’s Bronze Age archaeological landscape, including Rakhat Al Madrh, the Khutm Settlement, and the proposed location of the new Bat Visitors Center. At Rakhat Al Madrh, the team excavated three Umm an-Nar period houses. With assistance from a team of geomorphologists and geologists from the Sorbonne University, we also discovered that the houses were located around an ancient marsh/wetland where Umm an-Nar people likely experimented with early agriculture and pastured livestock. This ancient settlement is unlike any other known Early Bronze Age village or town in Arabia because of this environment. At Al Khutm, the team discovered and excavated Umm an-Nar houses and tombs and digitally mapped a very large fortress at the site dating to the Iron Age II. At the proposed location for the new Bat Visitors Center, we excavated and surveyed several mounds, which appear to be tombs that continue from the necropolis across the wadi. With the generous permission of the Ministry of Heritage and Tourism, laboratory analyses on geological, C-14, botanical, and ceramic samples collected this season are currently underway.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Terraced landscapes of the jabal akhdar (2022-23): Fieldwork at shuraijah and wadi bani habib - Turner, Sam; Zerboni, Andrea; Kinnaird, Tim; Kindi, Mohammed al-; Sevara, Christopher; Brandolini, Filippo; Pezzotta, Andrea (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
Agricultural terraces are prominent features in landscapes across the world. Terraces enable the cultivation of steep land for crops including cereals, fruit, vegetables, flowers and trees, and can be irrigated where careful water management is required. They allow the redistribution of sediment to create soils with improved root penetration and water retention. Terraces are highly variable, their regional development reflecting a combination of natural factors (differing geologies, geomorphology, hydrological conditions) and landscape histories (manuring, field management, crop selection, water availability). The histories of terraced landscapes remain poorly understood, including in Oman. Little is known about when they were constructed, and how they were used and developed across different periods and environments. A key reason for this lack of knowledge is that terraces have proven exceptionally difficult to date using conventional or scientific archaeological methods. This research project uses a new method developed by the research team to date terraces in Oman for the first time and use geoarchaeological methods to investigate how they were used in the past. In March 2023, targeted fieldwork in two villages of Jabal Akhdar (Ash Shuraijah and Wadi Bani Habib) allowed collection of sediment samples for dating and geoarchaeological analysis.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Joint heidelberg university/ministry of heritage and tourism project (2023): Archaeological rescue operation at al khod, ḥūr ad-dabʿ, muscat - Yule, Paul A. (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
In September 2018 the population of the capital area reached 1.4 million. Places such as Al Khod need room for growth. The development of this area during the past 20 years includes the building of the Nizwa road, highway 15, to its north-east Lulu Al Bandar super market and flanking to its west a large housing settlement. There, pre-Islamic hut tombs are scattered over the three low mountains (600m x 300m area). The Ministry of Defence plan to develop the mountains (Fig. 2) as a recreational facility – the ‘Heritage Hill’ project. This report sketches the mapping and excavation (12.01. to 26.01.2023) and documents 140 burial structures, the excavated finds, the clearance of stone from the tomb cluster on the southern mountain, figures of the 3D and drawings of the tomb images. This site, with its hut tombs and niche graves is important to solve the problem of the dating and nomenclature of prehistoric funerary architecture. The author searches for an alternative to the nomenclature ‘cairn’ which describes not the original architecture, but rather an undifferentiated, dishevelled state of preservation.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

The salut and bisya archaeological mission (2022): The rock art landscape and its threatening - Zerboni, Andrea; Degli Esposti, Michele; Pezzotta, Andrea; Marinoni, Alessia; Gallinaro, Marina (Athar: Bulletin of Archaeological Research in the Sultanate of Oman, 2025)
The geoarchaeological investigation around the Bisya and Salut Archaeological Park disclosed the complexity of local archaeological landscape dating to the last millennia of the Holocene and the main steps in developing sophisticated systems for land exploitation. Recent fieldwork focused on the importance of rock art in the region, which needs to be systematically surveyed and documented. Rock art sites feature various representations dating from the second millennium BCE onwards and the research carried out in 2022 aimed to assess its archaeological potential, as well as identify any threats to its preservation. The investigation confirms that local rock art is a valuable asset for Oman’s archaeology and potential tourism. It suggests the development of geo-cultural tourism routes that combine archaeological sites and rock art with the natural landscapes. Nonetheless, the preservation of rock art and the issues threatening it need careful consideration and assessment for future planning.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

الألبسة في طرابلس وبرقة وفزان خلال القرون 5-11م/1-5هـ (مقاربة تاريخية حول التأثيرات المحلية والخارجية) - وريث, أسامة عبد الحميد (مجلة كلية الآداب, 2025)
تُركز هذه الدراسة على رصد طبيعة وأنماط الملابس في ليبيا خلال القرون الألبسة في طرابلس وبرقة وفزان خلال القرون 5-11م/1-5هـ، وهو موضوع أهتم من خلاله بتوثيق التطور التاريخي لمراحل وأشكال الملابس المحلية، كالعباءات الرجالية والأردية النسائية والسراويل والطاقيات والصنادل. ومن الجيد رصد نوعية الملابس التي ارتداها سكان البلاد الليبية، إذ يُساعد هذا المنهج التسلسلي على تحديد التحولات التي طرأت على الملابس الليبية مع مرور الزمن. وتسعى الدراسة البحثية إلى التحقق من ماهية قطع الملابس المعنية بناءً على شهادات المصادر النصية أو الأدلة الأثرية، مع التمييز ما بين الملابس المنتجة محلياً وتلك المتأثرة منها بالثقافات الخارجية. خصوصاً وأن الملابس الطرابلسية الفاخرة بدأت بعد الإسلام تكتسب شهرة، وبعضها يأتي من جبل نفوسه، كما برزت منسوجات برقة الصوفية عالية الجودة، المنسوجة من صوف سلالة الخِراف البرقاوية الممتازة. This study focuses on documenting the nature and patterns of clothing in Libya between the 5th and 11th centuries CE (5th century AH). The research aims to trace the historical development of local garments, such as men’s cloaks, women’s robes, trousers, caps, and sandals. Examining the types of clothing worn by Libyans during this period is valuable, as this sequential approach helps identify transformations in Libyan attire over time. The study seeks to determine the characteristics of these garments based on textual sources and archaeological evidence, distinguishing between locally produced clothing and those influenced by external cultures. Notably, luxurious Tripolitanian garments gained prominence after the advent of Islam, some of which originated in the Nafusa Mountains. Additionally, high-quality woolen textiles from Barqa, woven from the fine wool of Barqawi sheep, became widely recognized.
Keywords: Artisanat -- Tripoli

Hégémonie, esclavage et modélisation des discours de domination sous les premiers empires au Proche-Orient médiéval - Trabelsi, Salah (Esclavages & Post-esclavages. Slaveries & Post-Slaveries, 2025)
Les victoires remportées par les Arabes sur les deux grands Empires perse et byzantin se sont soldées par l’annexion d’immenses territoires. Ces conquêtes soudaines et fulgurantes ont bouleversé les équilibres sociaux et institutionnels des vieilles cités de la péninsule Arabique. Un des effets inhérents à la conquête est la montée en puissance d’une oligarchie militaire arabe qui, aidée par ses affidés parmi les notables des pays vaincus, confisqua à son profit les biens et les terres, ceci entraînant une brusque recrudescence des violences et des exactions. Dans ce contexte, les populations colonisées furent souvent réduites à l’état de bêtes brutes, dénuées de sensibilité humaine. En plus du mépris et des catégorisations raciales, elles furent frappées d’exclusion en vertu d’une politique d’oppression et de spoliations massives et systématiques.Ces transformations profondes apparurent dès la deuxième moitié du viie siècle. Une de leurs conséquences décisives est la naissance d’un puissant empire édifié par les califes omeyyades. Descendant des notables affiliés au clan mecquois des ʿAbd S̲h̲ams, ces dynastes régnèrent à Damas entre 661 et 750 apr. J.-C. Après leur chute, ce fut au tour de leurs rivaux, les Abbassides, d’imposer leur domination depuis Bagdad sur des peuples et des territoires répartis sur des côtes aussi diverses que celles de la mer d’Arabie, du golfe Persique, de la mer Rouge, de la Méditerranée et des deux océans Atlantique et Indien.Cet article entend fournir une analyse historique et critique des rapports sociaux, économiques et culturels au Proche-Orient médiéval, à une époque marquée par la naissance et l’apogée des deux premiers empires coloniaux arabes. L’un de ses principaux enjeux est de sortir d’une histoire édifiante pour retrouver une approche méthodique, permettant de comprendre les mouvements profonds d’une si longue histoire. Il s’agit d’une démarche qui privilégie une relecture serrée des sources de première main et fait attention aux sens précis des mots et à la valeur informative des témoignages. Ces renseignements proviennent des documents de chancellerie, des dīwān ou bureaux des secrétaires royaux, des livres des impôts (Kharādj), des traités médicaux, des sources géographiques et littéraires, des annales historiques, etc. Ces corpus dont nous disposons sont sans doute assez réduits, incomplets et souvent laudatifs. Ils tendent généralement à édulcorer les réalités qu’ils décrivent. Il arrive néanmoins d’y trouver des indications significatives permettant de reconstituer la trame du réel. Ces données sont sans doute loin d’être sans défauts. Elles nous aident cependant à mieux cerner les faits pour les replacer dans l’infinie variété du réel tout en élargissant les champs d’investigation au sujet des discours sur l’altérité, de l’évolution des mentalités, de l’entrée en jeu des préjugés de couleur, des hiérarchies sociales et des identités biologiques et culturelles.
Keywords: Ibn Kaydad

Treatises on the Islamic firaq (Sects) and the Origin of Islamic kalām: Early Kufa-Baghdad Literature - Salimi, Abdulrahman al- (Studia Islamica, 2025)
Abstract This study examines two late 2nd/8th century books that have been edited and published recently: Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh b. Yazīd al-Fazārī (d. c.185/800)’s Kitāb al-Rudūd (The Book of Responses) and Ḍirār b. ʿAmr al-Ġaṭāfānī’s (d. c.200/810) Kitāb al-Taḥrīš (The Book of Provocation). Both texts shed light on the emergence of ʿilm al-kalām (scholastic theology) in early Islam and its relationship to books and treatises on the Islamic firaq (sects) – a relationship which until now has not been sufficiently examined. In comparing these two texts, we focus on the specific topics they share, the methodologies they use, and the technical terms they employ. We conclude that the emergence of ʿilm al-kalām, as well as the Islamic “contemplative disciplines” in general, occurred not primarily, as is often surmised, as a result of external Greek philosophical influence but rather as the result of a politico-theological debate that took place within Muslim communities. We also reconsider the nature of intellectual life during the early Abbasid period.
Keywords: Fazārī, ʿAbd Allāh ibn Yazīd al-; Foi -- Traité -- 8e siècle; Ġaṭāfānī, Ḍirār b. ʿAmr al-

Miranda Morris, Ethnographic Texts in the Baṭḥari Language of Oman - Rubin, Aaron D. (Journal of Semitic Studies, 2025)
Keywords: Linguistique -- Oman; Recension

Résistance et Dévotion. Anciens sanctuaires ibadites de Djerba - Chekhab-Abudaya, Mounia (Bulletin critique des Annales islamologiques, 2025)
Résistance et Dévotion : Anciens sanctuaires ibadites de Djerba, publié par Virginie Prevost, est le fruit d’un long travail commencé en 1996 et enrichi, depuis 2009, des clichés du photographe Axel Derriks. Cet ouvrage se présente comme une étude historique et architecturale minutieuse portant sur quarante-huit mosquées de l’île de Djerba, avec pour dessein de « conserver la mémoire des anciens lieux de culte de Djerba » (p. ix). Tout au long du volume, V. Prevost souligne de manière pertine...
Keywords: Architecture -- Djerba; Recension

Min Trībūlītānyā ilā Aṭrābulus : al-mashhad al-taʻmīrī khilāl al-ʻaṣr al-wasīṭ al-mutaqaddam bayn al-tawāṣul wa-l-taḥawwalāt من تريبوليتانيا إلى أطرابلس المشهد التعميري خلال العصر الوسيط المتقدّم بين التواصل والتحوّلات - Prevost, Virginie (Bulletin critique des Annales islamologiques, 2025)
Voici la première monographie publiée par le chercheur tunisien Hafed Abdouli, tirée en partie de sa thèse de doctorat consacrée à la Tripolitaine médiévale, défendue à Tunis en 2011 sous la direction de Faouzi Mahfoudh. L’ouvrage, préfacé par Ahmed M’Charek, constitue le premier volume d’une nouvelle collection des éditions Brill, Libya Islamica, et s’inscrit dans un intéressant programme de recherches dirigé par Aurélien Montel et Sébastien Garnier, Libmed, qui propose, sous la forme d’un s...
Keywords: Recension

L'entreprenariat ethnique en France - Dinh, Bernard (Hommes et Migrations, 2006)
Depuis le milieu des années quatre-vingt, les sciences sociales se sont penchées sur les activités indépendantes exercées par les migrants et ont mis en évidence une série de facteurs explicatifs. Si les interdictions statutaires ont été maintenues après la Libération, limitant la présence des étrangers sur le marché du travail, force est de constater qu'une classe d'entrepreneurs d'origine étrangère (artisans, commerçants ou chef d'entreprise) s'est affirmée depuis plus de deux décennies. Leur nombre a considérablement augmenté, compensant en partie la baisse importante et constante des entrepreneurs français.
Keywords: Commerce -- Djerba

Cultivating the Past, Living the Modern: The Politics of Time in the Sultanate of Oman: Amal Sachedina - Chatty, Dawn (Journal of Arabian Studies, 2025)
Keywords: Recension

النقوش الكتابية المكتشفة في موقع مليحة الأثري بإمارة الشارقة حتي القرن الثالث الميلادي - الحديدي, مي جمال (مجلة البحوث والدراسات الاثرية, 2024)
لملخص:عرف موقع مليحة بإمارة الشارقة بكونه موقع أثري مهم يحتضن العديد من النقوش الكتابية القديمة التي تعود إلى فترات زمنية مختلفة وتعتبر النقوش الكتابية مصدر من أهم المصادر عند المؤرخين وذلك لأنها مكتشفات مادية ملموسة، وتعد النقوش الكتابية من الآثار ويشمل هذا المصطلح جميع النصوص الكتابية القديمة التي وجدت منقوشة على الآثار الثابتة كالمعابد والقصور والمدافن والواجهات الصخرية، أو على الآثار المنقولة مثل الرقم الطينية أو الأحجار أو الفخار أو الأواني المعدنية والصفائح، تم استخدام أدوات متنوعة في نحت هذه النقوش مثل الحجارة والأدوات الحديدية والأدوات الحادة الأخري، كما تنوعت النقوش الكتابية في موقع مليحة وتمثلت في شؤون الحياه اليومية والأغراض الدينية والمعاملات التجارية.يناقش هذا البحث أهمية النقوش الكتابية في تدوين وتوثيق حضارة موقع مليحة الأثري وتعد النقوش الكتابية عاماً مهمة مهما كان مضمونها وتعتبر مصدراً هاماً لفهم التاريخ والثقافة واللغة والحضارة.الكلمات الدالة : مليحة - الشارقة – موقع أثري - نصوص – عربي جنوبي – حسائي – أرامي - عُمان.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Privacy and Gendered Domestic Spaces in the 21st Century: Mapping Sociocultural Continuity in the Community led-housing Project of Ksar Tafilelt, Algeria - Messabih, Hadjer; Wulff, Federico (ARCHive-SR, 2025)
As a sociocultural product, the home is shaped by specific sociocultural norms and values. Economic development and modernisation have significantly affected the architecture of many Muslim homes, resulting in a disconnection from Islamic culture. This paper explores two sociocultural factors in Muslim housing: privacy and gender segregation. The analysis highlights how the principles of traditional Islamic architecture are still woven into contemporary designs, using Ksar Tafilelt in Algeria as a case study. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the Mozabite house in Ksar Tafilelt continues to uphold the social customs and religious beliefs of its residents despite the influences of modernisation. Through fieldwork and comparative analysis, both the traditional house in the original Mozabite settlement and the contemporary house in Ksar Tafilelt are examined in terms of user zones rather than functional zones. This approach investigates how these homes uphold traditional Mozabite architectural patterns while accommodating contemporary comfort needs. The study methodology also includes a combination of questionnaires and interviews conducted with a sample of 70 residents from Ksar Tafilelt. The findings reveal factors that have enabled the Mozabite community to maintain its Islamic identity. They also emphasise a notably conservative, family-oriented culture, which is reflected in the organisation of household spaces. This research study highlights the significance of involving the community in housing projects and comprehending the sociocultural principles of the local population throughout the construction process.
Keywords: Architecture -- Mzab

العمل التطوعي في مؤسسة العشيرة دراسة استطلاعية - إباض, بهون علي; مختار, يمينة (مجلة آفاق علمیة, 2025)
ملخص باللغة العربية: يسعى الباحثان من خلال هذه الدراسة إلى اكتشاف ظاهرة العمل التطوعي في مؤسسة العشيرة داخل مجتمع بني مزاب، حيث تم اعتماد المنهج الوصفي كونه الملائم لهذا النوع من الدراسات والتي تعد الأولى من نوعها حسب اطلاع الباحثين، وذلك بغرض جمع أكبر قدر من المعلومات الوصفية وقد وزع الباحثان استمارة الكترونية على عينة قصدية بطريقة كرة الثلج، حيث بلغ مجموعها 278 استمارة، وقد ركز الباحثان على أهم المهارات المكتسبة للعمل التطوعي وكذا معرفة المعيقات ومنه الخلوص إلى بلورة اقتراحات عملية تساعد على فعالية العمل التطوع داخل مؤسسة العشيرة تحديداً، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة نتائج أهمها؛ ضعف مشاركة المرأة في مؤسسة العشيرة، والدافع الرئيس من الإقبال على العمل التطوعي هو ابتغاء الأجر العظيم؛ مما يشجع على استمرارية العطاء رغم وجود بعض المعيقات المتعلقة بنقص التكوين ونقص السيولة المالية. Abstract: The researchers aimed at exploring the voluntary work phenomenon in Al-Ashira institution in M’zab valley. As this study is unprecedented, the descriptive method was used, so a huge data were collected with an electronic questionnaire administrated to 278 individuals sampled through snowballing style. We focused on dimensions related to voluntary work acquired skills, and obstacles encountered by them. The findings showed low participation of females in Al-Ashira institution, and the primary motive to participate in voluntary work is to obtain a great reward from Allah, which wields power to Al-Ashira members to be persistent though obstacles pertaining to low formation, and low funds.
Keywords: Vie sociale -- Mzab

The Position of Ilm al-Rijal in the Ibadi Sect - Shamkhi, Mina; Masoudian, Aref (Studies on Understanding Hadith, 2025)
The issue of hadith purification and the preservation of the Prophetic tradition in the Ibadi sect has led to the development of the science of Rijāl as one of the fundamental pillars of hadith studies in this sect. Given the widespread fabrication of hadiths throughout various historical periods, examining the principles and criteria of this discipline is essential for assessing narrations. This study aims to explain and analyze the foundations of Ibadi Rijāl studies and compare them with those of other sects, namely Shia and Sunni, using a descriptive-analytical method. In its initial stages, by reviewing the history of Rijāl science and its sources, including the Musnad Rabi‘ ibn Ḥabīb and the Mudawwanah of Abū Ghānim al-Khurāsānī, the research demonstrates how the Ibadis, unlike other schools that primarily rely on Sunni or Shia sources, have managed to establish an independent identity in hadith scholarship. This article explores the various dimensions of Ibadi Rijāl studies and explains its influence on the sect's religious identity. By examining criteria such as integrity, precision, Islam, maturity, intellect, moral uprightness, consistency of practice with narration, verification of the primary narrator, avoidance of tadlīs (concealment of defects in narration), and endorsement of narrations by scholars, the study highlights the distinctive features of the Ibadi Rijāl system. Additionally, the necessity of referring to Sunni sources for evaluating hadiths, particularly due to the lack of independent Ibadi works on jarḥ wa ta‘dīl (criticism and authentication of narrators), underscores key differences between this sect and others.
Keywords: Hadith -- Ibadisme

Preliminary remarks on linguistic variation within Nafusi - Flaviano, Mariacarmela (Maydan: rivista sui mondi arabi, semitici e islamici, 2024)
The paper outlines three elements of variation among two geographically close Berber languages spoken in the Nafusa Mountains (Libya), the Amazigh1 spoken in Jadu and Jemmari on the one hand and the Amazigh spoken in Yefren on the other hand, identified as two sub-groups of Nafusi Berber (Naït-Zerrad 2012). The variety spoken in Jadu and Jemmari is documented in a grammar by Beguinot (1931), while the Yefren variety lacks a grammar or a comprehensive linguistic description. This paper investigates and compares three aspects based on available data from Jadu and Jemmari, included in Beguinot’s grammar, and some newly transcribed texts from Yefren. The comparison concerns the so-called state distinction (annexed/free) morphologically marked on nouns, non-verbal constructions, and verbal negation. The paper aims to provide some preliminary data on the Amazigh spoken in Yefren, which currently lacks a proper grammatical description, outlining some elements of variation with the Amazigh spoken in Jadu. The paper is not intended to be an exhaustive analysis but rather a preliminary study, part of a larger project.
Keywords: Linguistique -- Djebel Nefousa

“Berbers,” “Khārijites” and “Knowledge Bearers”: How the Ibāḍīs Shaped a Regional Counter-Memory in North Africa - Aillet, Cyrille (Arabica, 2025)
Les soulèvements qui, vers le milieu du viiie siècle, détachèrent une part importante du Maghreb de la tutelle orientale, représentèrent un défi significatif pour le jeune Empire abbasside. Que s’était-il passé ? Dans leur tentative d’explication de la situation en Occident, la plupart des sources mirent en avant l’opposition entre les conquérants et les « Berbères » autochtones, dépeints comme un peuple non civilisé, insoumis et rallié au courant des rebelles « Khārijites ». Dans les régions où l’ibadisme s’était répandu, une contre-mémoire ne tarda toutefois pas à émerger. Les Ibāḍites inventèrent leur propre récit du passé, en célébrant l’Occident comme un nouveau berceau religieux et les Berbères comme un nouveau peuple élu, dont la conversion à l’islam était vue comme un choix volontaire. Cet article compare le récit le plus courant sur l’Afrique du Nord avec la version ibāḍite tout en essayant d’évaluer comment ces deux faisceaux narratifs interagissaient.
Keywords: Kharijisme

الإمام أبو سعيد الكدمي ودوره في نشأة المدرسة النزوانية وتطورها: (Imam Abū Saʿīd al-Kudāmī and his Role in the Emergence and Development of the Nizwa School of Thought) - الكندي, أحمد بن يحيى بن أحمد; الصوافي, سعيد بن راشد; المنصوري, المبروك الشيباني; الكندي, ماجد بن محمد; الريامي, علي بن سعيد بن سالم (التجديد - مجلة فكرية محكمة, 2025)
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى إبراز دور الإمام أبي سعيد الكدمي في نشأة المدرسة النزوانية، وزعامته العلمية والفكرية لهذه المدرسة، والتعريف بالمدرسة النزوانية وأهم تطوّراتها التاريخيّة ودورها في تكوين الطبقة الفكريّة والسّياسيّة المتخصصة في عصرها. وسعت الدراسة إلى إبراز قيمة هذه المدرسة الفكرية المتميّزة، وقد اعتمدت الدراسة على مناهج كالاستقرائي في استقراء مختلف جوانب نشأة المدرسة النزوانية وأهم تطوّراتها التاريخيّة، والوصفي التحليلي لبيان دور المدرسة النزوانية وإسهاماتها في الفكر الإسلامي. وخلصت الدراسة إلى نتائج منها ارتباط ظهور المدرسة النزوانية بمنهج توسط في تعامله مع المختلفين في قضية عزل الإمام الصلت بن مالك الخروصي (272هـ/ 885م)، وقد تبنت المدرسة النزوانية آراء معتدلة في قضية العزل وفي أحكام الولاية والبراءة مع المختلفين فيها .الكلمات المفتاحية: المدارس الفكرية العمانية، أبو سعيد الكدمي، المدرسة النزوانية.

أبو غانم بشر بن غانم الخراساني (ت: 205هـ) ومنهجة في "المدونة": دراسة تحليلية - الهادي, سيف بن سالم (التجديد - مجلة فكرية محكمة, 2025)
قدم البحث شخصية علمية من خراسان، اشتغلت على الخلاف العالي، وآمنت بالتعددية الفكرية، وانتقلت كما انتقل غيرها من علماء خرسان إلى حواضر العالم الإسلامي، في العراق والجزيرة العربية؛ من أجل الإسهام في الإنتاج العلمي. كان أبو غانم الخراساني حريصًا على تدوين فقه المدرسة الإباضية، والمقارنة بين آراء تلاميذ أبي عبيدة مسلم بن أبي كريمة على مستوى الخلاف داخل المدرسة وخارجها، فقدم كتابًا رائعًا أسماه: "المدونة"، وهو أول سِفْرٌ إباضيٌّ في الخلاف العالي، سُمِّي لاحقا بالمدونة الصغرى، التي هي في مقابل المدونة الكبرى، التي تعرضت للإضافة من قبل علماء الإباضية اللاحقين. يُعَدُّ البحث عن مثل هذه الشخصيات المغمورة لدى المدراس الأخرى مهم جدًّا، إذ يمنح الباحثين فرصة للاطلاع على النتاج العلمي المبكر في المدراس الإسلامية، كما يعالج الكثير من الأحكام المبنية على الاستقراءات الناقصة عند الحديث عن المدراس المخالفة، ولقلة الكتابة عن أبي غانم؛ كان هذا البحث إسهامًا ضروريًّا في المجلات المحكمة؛ نظرًا لقربها المباشر من الباحثين. تضمَّن البحثُ الحديثَ عن شخصية أبي غانم، وقدراته العلمية، وتميزه الأخلاقي، وفيه أيضًا حديثٌ عن المذهب الإباضي؛ نشأته، ومعالمه الفقهية، والسياسية، وعلاقته بمذاهب أهل السنة، وفيه أثبت الباحث تميُّز المذهب بالاجتهاد المطلق، وبراءته من الانتساب للخوارج؛ فقهًا وسياسةً. الكلمات المفتاحية: أبوغانم، أبو عبيد، الإباضية، المدونة، الفقه المقارن.
Keywords: Fiqh -- Commentaires

المصطلح في الفكر الإباضي ودوره الفاعل في وحدة المسلمين: (The Terminology in Ibadi Thought and Its Active Role in Muslim Unity) - الخروصي, أحمد بن سالم بن موسى (التجديد - مجلة فكرية محكمة, 2024)
ملخص البحث يهدف هذا البحث إلى إبراز قضية اصطلاحية لها أثرها الظاهر في واقع الوحدة بين المسلمين، ألا وهي جزئية المصطلحات التي سطرها أعلام المذهب الإباضي عند ذكر مخالفيهم من عموم المسلمين، ذلك أن المصطلح يشكل عنصرا أصيلا في بناء الفكر الإسلامي، وطالما كان المصطلح برمزيته ومضامينه محل إشكالات جوهرية في واقع المصنفات عند المسلمين في حقبهم المختلفة، لذا كان من المهم العكوف على إبراز تجليات المصطلح الذي يمكن أن يفتح أبواب الوحدة بين المسلمين. وقد تتبعت هذه الورقة هذا الموضوع من خلال استقراء ما جاء في مدونات الإباضية -عند المتقدمين خاصة- مع تحليل وتوصيف لما جاء في مقالاتهم. وقد كشف ذلك الاستقراء عن وفرة في المصطلحات التي استقر عليها الإباضية في التعبير عن المخالف مما يشي بروح الجامعة الإسلامية التي تجمع ولا تفرق. وقد أوصت الورقة بضرورة تبين أضراب هذه المصطلحات ودراستها من حيث المنطلقات والدوافع مع ضرورة استحضار الوقائع التاريخية التي صاحبتها لتكون مادة علمية تنبه الدارسين في المؤسسات العلمية عامة إلى هذا الموضوع وأصالته في فكرنا الإسلامي الناصع. الكلمات المفتاحية: المصطلح، الإباضية، المؤلفات، وحدة الأمة.

الإمام جابر بن زيد ومشروع وحدة الأمة وإصلاحها: (Al-Imām Jābir Bin Zaid and the Project of Unity and Reform of The Ummah) - الكندي, أحمد بن يحيى بن أحمد (التجديد - مجلة فكرية محكمة, 2024)
abstract

‏قراءة في طوبونومبا جبل يفرن: نظم المراقبة والإنذار المبكر - بوزخار, مادغيس (Libyan Journal of Tamazight Studies, 2024)

‏ابن السلام اللواتي الإباضي مؤلف أقدم كتاب التاريخ للمغرب الإسلامي - البشباش, خليفة (Libyan Journal of Tamazight Studies, 2024)

دراسة تحليلية لمخطوط «ذكر مسائل مما سئل عنه الربيع بن حبيب» مقارنة بكتاب «فُثْيا الربيع بن حبيب» - بكلي, ابراهيم بن عبد الله (المنهاج, 2024)
Keywords: Hadith -- recueils

مقاومة سليمان باشا الباروني في طرابلس الغرب قبل 1918 من خلال تقارير وزارة الحرب الفرنسية - ناصر, بالحاج بن باحمد (المنهاج, 2024)
Keywords: Bārūnī, Sulaymān al- (1870-1940)

محاولة بيبليوغرافية لرصد المصادر والمراجع حول علاقة الميزابيين بالدولة العثمائية - بوسعدة, محمد بن عمر (المنهاج, 2024)
Keywords: Bibliographie -- Mzab

مكانة المزابيين بين المجتمعات الحرفية في العهد العثماني - حمدي, محمد بن صالح (المنهاج, 2024)

قراءة في رسالة من جماعة بني مزاب إلى الداي علي (1718 - 1710م) - الزرويل, صالح (المنهاج, 2024)

امتيازات بني مزاب في الجزائر العثمانية بعد حملة شارلكان 1541 بين المصادر الأجنبية الإسلامية والوثائق الأرشيفية - حني, محفوظ (المنهاج, 2024)
Keywords: Mzab -- Histoire -- 1510-1830; Sources -- Mzab

رواية مساهمة المزابيين في صد هجوم قوّات شارلكان في حملاته على الجزائر سنوات 1541 - 1519م بين الحقيقة والخيال - معروف, بالحاج بن بنوح (المنهاج, 2024)

رسالة الشيخ أبي مهدي عيسى بن إسماعيل المليكي حول حملة سلطان بني عباس على وادي مزاب في رجب 965ه تقديم وتحقيق - باعمارة, بكير بن سليمان (المنهاج, 2024)

بنو مزاب ووزتهم السياسي والفكري في عهد الخلافة العثمانية - بن عمر, موسى بن بكير (المنهاج, 2024)

من تاريخ النشاط الاقتصادي اليسجني في الجزائر العاصمة - حمودة, محفوظ (المنهاج, 2024)

في البدء كانت الفرق ...... وفي البدء كانت الإباضية .... عرض لكتاب" الفكر السياسي الإباضي : من خلال سير البرادي والشماخي وابن ذكوان الهلالي - البدوي, فوزي (Revue de l'Institut des Belles Lettres Arabes, 2015)
في البدء كانت الفرق ...... وفي البدء كانت الإباضية .... عرض لكتاب" الفكر السياسي الإباضي
Keywords: Recension

سردية الخرافة الشعبية الأمازيغية: قراءة في كتاب حكايات أمازيغية لفتحي بن معمر - ضو, سليم (Revue de l'Institut des Belles Lettres Arabes, 2023)
نهتمُّ في هذا المقال بدراسة لون من الأدب الشعبي هو الخرافة الشعبيّة الأمازيغيّة، وذلك بالبحث في بنيتها –أي الخرافة الشعبية- وخصائصها ومميزاتها التي بها تتفرّد عن سائر أنماط الأدب الشعبي الأخرى على غرار الأحاجي والأمثال وأغاني النساء... والنظر في القوانين التي من خلالها تنتظمُ، لغرض الوقوف على ملامح سرديّتها وأدبيّتها. وذلك من خلال تركيز النظر على مُدوّنة تونسيّة أثْرت بوضوح الأدب الشعبيّ التونسي، وأسهمت في نفض الغبار عن ثقافة محليّة مغمورة –نعني الثقافة الأمازيغيّة- يلفّها الكثير من النسيان والإغفال ويتهدّدها الاضمحلال جرّاء تراجع نسبة الناطقين بها لاعتبارات عديدة، ونقصدُ بذلك مجموعة "حكايات أمازيغيّة جربيّة" الكاتب التونسي من أصل أمازيغي فتحي بن معمر (1967). وتنخرطُ مجموعته هذه ضمن مشروع ثقافي كان قد انطلق فيه منذ سنوات يهدفُ إلى تجميع المادّة التراثية الأمازيغيّة الشفهيّة وتوثيقها ونشرها للتعريف بها لدى الأجيال الجديدة ولحمياتها من كل أشكال الطّمس والتغييب والسطو عليها. وسيكون تركيزنا خلال هذا المقال مُنصبًّا على فحص الخصائص الأجناسيّة لهذه النصوص ووظائفها، وذلك بالانطلاق بدراسة بنية هذه الحكايات الخارجيّة والداخليّة أي البنية القصصية المتكونة من اُطر وفواعل وأحداث، مرورا بالبحث في الشخصيات وأصنافها ووظائفها مستفيدين في ذلك من المنهج المورفولوجي لفلاديمير بروب، ثمّ التعريج على خصائص الأُطر الزمانية والمكانية، اِنتهاءً بالمواضيع والقضايا التي أثارتها هذه القصص. ثمّ في عُنصر لاحق لجأنا إلى رصد جُملة الوظائف التي تؤدّيها هذه الحكايات والتي منها ما يتعلّقُ بالراوي ومنها ما يتعلق بالمروي لهُ.
Keywords: Littérature -- Djerba; Recension

L'archipel ibadite - une histoire des marges du Maghreb médiéval - Mohamed, Hassane (Revue de l'Institut des Belles Lettres Arabes, 2024)
Keywords: Recension

Les (échelles de) proximité(s) d’un snack cacher du souk de Djerba - Morvan, Yoann (Géoproximités, 2025)
Keywords: Judaïsme -- Djerba

المصلحة المرسلة في المذهب الإباضي وتطبيقاتها المعاصرة : عقد التأمين وحقوق المؤلف نموذجا - المعولي, أحمد بن ناصر (مجلة الاجتهاد للدراسات القانونية والاقتصادية, 2024)
Keywords: Dynastie rustumide

التفكير السياسي لعمرو خليفة النامي: قراءة في "كلمات للثورة" انموذجا - إبراهيم, خالد علي (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)
Keywords: Ennami, Amr (1939-198X); Idées politiques -- Ibadisme

من أعلام النفوسيين الراحلين في ليبيا ساسي سالم ساسي الحاج (1998-1944م) - الحاج, مارن ساسي سالم (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

ملامح نفوسية جديدة من خلال وصية الشيخ إسماعيل بن موسى الجيطالي (ت: 750ه): وجوابه على رسالة سالم بن مسعود الحامي - الحاج موسى, بشير بن موسى (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)
Keywords: Jayṭālī, Ismāʿīl b. Mūsà (13..-1350)

علماء تندميرة ورحالت رجالها العلمية (من القرن الثالث الهجري إلى القرن الرابع عشر الهجري) - السيفاو, أيوب عمرو سعيد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

التكامل المعرفي أهميته وأثره العملي، كتاب قناطر الخيرات لإلمام الجيطالي أنموذجا - الشعيلي, سليمان بن علي; المنصوري, المبروك الشيباني; الكندي, أحمد بن يحيى بن أحمد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)
Keywords: Jayṭālī, Ismāʿīl b. Mūsà (13..-1350)

جبل نفوسة وعلمائه في عيون مؤلفي سير الإباضية وطبقاتها: الشماخي أنموذجا - الطرابلسي, حنان الحسين (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

نماذج من رحالت العلم لشيوخ جبل نفوسة (الدوافع والأهمية) حتى القرن الثامن الهجري / الرابع عشر الميلادي - الطيف, علي حامد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

المدخل لدراسة منهجية علماء الإباضية في التأليف "ديوان العزابة أنموذجا" - العزابي, مسعود عيسى (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)
Keywords: Fiqh -- Traité -- 11e siècle

أثر رحلة العلماء النفوسيين إلى المشرق على الحركة العلمية والفكرية في جبل نفوسة (رحلة ابن مغطير الجناوني إلى البصرة نموذجا) - القلال, إبراهيم علي (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

حملة العلم وسلسلة نسب الدين وأثرها في نقل العلم والدعوة إلى نفوسة وزوارة وبالد المغرب "دراسة استقرائية تحليلية" - الكندي, أحمد بن يحيى بن أحمد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

قصيدة الشاعر اللواح الخروصي في ذكر بعض معاصريه من أعالم الإباضية المغاربة ومواطنهم - الناصري, أحمد بن علي بن حمدان (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

من جبل نفوسة وزوارة إلى أفق التواصل: دور العلماء في تعزيز الفهم بين ثقافتي المشرق والمغرب - براك, خضرة; بوخريص, حدة أزهار (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

قراءة إرغنومية لكتاب القسمة وأصول الأرضين للشيخ أبي العباس أحمد بن محمد بن بكر الفرسطائي (ت 504هـ / 1111م) - بن باحمد, عيسى بايوب (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

منهج الشيخ علي يحيى معمر النقدي لكتاب المقالات - بن حديد, فوزي بن يونس (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)
Keywords: Muʿammar, Ali Yahya (19XX-1984)

النص السيري لأعلام نفوسة سير نساء إباضيات - بن زايد, أحمد محمد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

التعليل الفقهي عند الشيخ عامر بن علي الشماخي من خالل كتابه اإليضاح (ت792ه-1389م) - تمزغين, يوسف بن علي (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

طوبونيميا جبل نفوسة من خلال كتاب "تسمية شيوخ جبل نفوسة وقراهم" - حاج أمحمد, يحيى بن بهون (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

الحضور النفوسي في مصر من خلال مخطوطات وكالة الجاموس - حاج امحمد, عيسى (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

التنمية المستدامة لمياه وسة في كتاب القسمة للفرسطائي النّفوسي (ت 504 هـ / 1111 م) - زايد, أسماء موسى علي (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

إسهامات علماء وأعالم الجبل الغربي (نفوسة) في النصف الأخير من القرن التاسع عشر وأوائل القرن العشرين - سليمان, المبروك محمود صالح; شعيب, عبد الحميد ابسيس (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

مراكز العلم في جبل نفوسة العهد الرستمي "النشأة والأهمية" (296-160هـ/ 776-909م) - سميو, علي محمد; الطيف, علي حامد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

قصور الطوق مقاربة بين الجغ ارفيا والتاريخ - صالح, ميلود محمد عثمان; ورغ, كامل سعيد; ورغ, هبه كامل (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

القضاء والقضاة في جبل نفوسة بليبيا و وادي مزاب بالجزائر - عبد الرحمان, حاج ابراهيم (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

المخطوطات النفوسية في مكتبات وادي مزاب: دار إروان بغرداية أنموذج - عمي سعيد, عبد الفتاح; بابا نجار, إلياس حسين (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)
Keywords: Bibliothèques -- Mzab; Manuscrits -- Djebel Nefousa

منهج المرافقة التربوية في تخريج العلماء من خلال كتب السير في جبل نفوسة إلى غاية القرن الثامن الهجري – أعالم ومعالم منهجية- - عيسى, زكرياء بن صالح (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)
Keywords: Prosopographie -- Djebel Nefousa

الدكتور أحمد مسعود العزابي وأطروحته اللسانية سيرة ذاتية وقراءة علمية - غزالة, عبد الجليل أبوبكر (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

أخبار عمروس بن فتح النفوسي نموذجا - فارس, محمد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

الحوار الأسري عند الشيخ علي يحيى معمر من خلال كتابه سمر أسرة مسلمة - فخار, حمو بن عمر; الدبوز, سعيد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

شاهد عيان على سيرة عالم وباحث آباضي "د. عمر و خليفة النامي أنموذجا" - قنان, محمد مسعود (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)
Keywords: Biographies -- Djebel Nefousa

معالم التواصل العلمي بين جبل نفوسة ووادي مزاب في القرون الثالثة الأخيرة - كروم, أحمد بن حمو (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)
Keywords: Relations -- Djebel Nefousa -- Mzab

أهمية الحدائق في الحفاظ على المباني التارخيية - آغا, أحمد توفيق اسماعيل (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)

هل المدن القدمية مستدامة؟ مدينة غدامس حالة دراسة - الأمين, عمر علي; عقيل, فوزي محمد; ابورويص, عياد عبد الله (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)

العمارة العسكرية بالصحراء الليبية خلال العصر الروماني (قلعة أبو جنيم أمنوذجا) - الجدك, الصغير المزوغي احميد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)

أروقة النساء وحجراتهم في بيوت مدينة غدامس منذ بداية العصر الفاطمي حتى نهاية العصر المملوكي (932-358ه/ 1517-968م) - الشامخ, فتحية عبد العزيز محمد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)
Keywords: Ghadames -- Histoire

دراسة تحليلية للخصائص المشرتكة بين مدينتي غدامس في ليبيا والقصر العتيق بورقلة في الجزائر من الناحية التخطيطية والعمرانية وتحديد أوجه التشابه بينها - الفالح, مبروكة يوسف (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)

منهجية تصميم المباني التعليمية للمجتمعات الصحراوية في ليبيا وفق أبعاد الاستدامة - الفايدي, نورا صالح (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)

الاعتبارات المستدامة في التصميم الحضري لمدينة غدامس القدمية - المازق, إيمان محمد مصطفى; ابومداس, منال سالم علي (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)

المونة المادة اللامحة المستخدمة في عمارة المدينة القدمية بطرابلس - المرخية, مصطفى علي (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)

معايير تخطيط التجمعات الصحراوية والتنمية المستدامة - بوذهب, سهير محمد أحمد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)

المساجد الاثرية بمدينة بني وليد (دراسة في نمط العمارة المحلية) - زايد, أسماء موسى علي (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)

الجذور التارخيية لنشأة المساجد في إقليمي برقة وطرابلس من خلال كتابات الجغرافيني والرحالة - سميو, علي محمد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)
Keywords: Récits de voyage -- Libye

تأثري المناخ على العمارة في المناطق الصحراوية: دراسة حالة وادي الشاطئ - قرية أشكدة - عبد الله, محمد عبد النبي محمد; بن مسكين, منصور (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)

مسجد بن غلبون بين تراث الماضي وإهمال الحاضر - قريو, محمود عبد الكريم; المكاس, عبد الحكيم علي; ورغ, هبه كامل (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)
Keywords: Architecture -- Ghadamès

أنماط زخرفية من ثقافات الصحراء الليبية بملامح كلاسيكية - نامو, مصطفى علي (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)

دور التخطيط السياحي في التنمية المستدامة بالمناطق الصحراوية في ليبيا - هارون, غزالة محمد عبد القادر; الزوي, منصور علي عليو (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)
Keywords: Tourisme -- Djebel Nefousa

دور البيئة في تشكيل العمارة الصحراوية - ورغ, كامل سعيد; ورغ, هبه كامل (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)
Keywords: Architecture -- Mzab

التهوية والراحة الحرارية في عمارة غدامس القدمية - يدر, إيمان محمد مصطفى; حمود, حسن محمد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2023)
Keywords: Architecture -- Ghadamès

محددات علم التفسير - الوائلي, سعيد بن سليمان (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

جهود الشهيد عمرو النامي في خدمة كتب الحديث ورجاله - السيابي, حاتم بن رشيد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

بيع الانفساخ في التراث النفوسي، وآثاره الاقتصادية - غانم, عمرو محمد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

الدكتور والبصير والصبور : السيرة والإنجازات والعلاقات - مصلح, أحمد بن مهني (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

الخطاب الدعوي عند الشيخ علي يحي معمر دراسة استقرائية تحليلية - تفوشيت, خالد سعيد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

أثر مؤلفات المغاربة على مؤلفات المشارقة كتاب السؤالات للعلامة السوفي أنموذجا - العبدلي, خالد بن محمد (مجلة شروس العلمية, 2024)

علاقة عُمان بباشوية مصر في عهد السيد سعيد بن سلطان 1804-1832م - القطيطي, منال بنت حمد (المجلة العربية للآداب والدراسات الإنسانية, 2025)
Keywords: Relations -- Oman -- Egypte; Vie politique -- Oman -- 1804-1856

A Tale of Two Cultures: Comparative study of “Iɣed n Tinnurt” from Infusen and “Aschenputtel” from Germany - Buzakhar, Mazigh (Tamazgha Studies Journal, 2025)
Keywords: Littérature -- Djebel Nefousa

Engineering Thoughts Embedded in Ancient Groundwater Techniques: The Case of Falaj in Oman - Mohtashami, Ali; Ghafri, Abdullah Saif al-; Labbaf Khaneiki, Majid (Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering, 2025)
This study aims to examine the engineering design of the falaj system using a wide variety of published documents on its construction and maintenance. A falaj is a hand-dug tunnel that transfers groundwater from aquifers to lower-lying lands. Falaj masters, despite the fact that they are usually illiterate, employ embedded mathematics to calculate the height difference between two points, excavate tunnels, measure tunnel gradient and depth, and locate groundwater infiltration area. Their traditional knowledge is awash with a great deal of mathematical methods, which has turned falaj into a feat of engineering. These methods are primarily based on principles such as proportion, right triangles, similarity of triangles, the intercept theorem, unit conversion, fractions, algebraic equations, and the four basic operations. This study concludes that the technical complexity of falaj system in terms of engineering, is the result of some simple yet effective mathematical calculations that form the core of falaj indigenous knowledge and aflaj masters perceive such equations intuitionally.
Keywords: Irrigation -- Oman

Al-ʿAwtabī’s Kitāb al-Ansāb: Challenges in Attribution and Composition - Nābūda, Ḥasan Muḥammad al- (Der Islam, 2025)
The Kitāb al-Ansāb (The Book of Genealogies) provides detailed accounts of the lineages and familial connections of Omani tribes in southeast Arabia, which is essential for understanding the social and political structure of the region during the premodern period. This book became an indispensable resource for historians seeking to write a comprehensive history of premodern Oman, as it was frequently quoted by later Omani historians and formed the foundation of premodern Omani cultural and religious practices. Compiled during the 4th/11th century, the identity of its writer has attracted much speculation. While widely attributed to an individual from the ʿAwtabī family, this attribution does not withstand scrutiny. This paper critically examines the author of the Kitāb al-Ansāb , his style and method, sectarian and factional affiliations, and attempts to place the text in its historical context. It argues that the author was most likely a nonsectarian moderate from the cosmopolitan city of Ṣuḥār, a coastal city in northern Oman, and completed the text in the year 345/956 or earlier. The confused and fragmentary condition of the text today is likely the result of subsequent copyists, with the oldest known manuscript dated 1086/1672. The paper concludes with a discussion of the extant manuscripts and a call for a critical edition.
Keywords: Sources -- Oman

Jewish Communities in French North Africa: Comparing Strategies and Outcomes - Petrucci, Filippo; Soi, Isabella (The Maghreb Review, 2025)
The article describes Jewish communities’ stances in relation to Zionist movements in France and in territories administered by France that were primarily populated by Muslims. It considers the actions of North Africa Jews in the Zionist movement, particularly during the Second World War, and how the war influenced Zionism. The Jewish communities in Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia had different statuses influenced by and mirrored in the various colonial administrations, local authorities, and populations. Besides, those differences related to their degree of involvement with Zionism, which was anything but homogeneous and ranged from strong support to a lack of interest. Based on material collected from various archives (mainly Yad Vashem and the Central Zionist Archives), the article uses a selection of testimonies that describe the diversity of North African Jewish communities and their different levels of engagement with Zionist activities. In this way, the stories of these actors and witnesses will directly reveal the heterogeneous worlds of Judaism and Zionism in North Africa. The article also confirms the diversity of the French Empire despite the shared concept of assimilation and the impact of the colonial administration, that was organized in different ways depending on the local situation and on social relations in North African societies.
Keywords: Judaïsme -- Djerba

Urbanization and its Impact on Land Use and Land Cover in Al Buraimi City, Oman Using Remote Sensing and GIS - Ansari, Tauseef Ahmad Ahmad; Singh, Chandan Kumar; Albawwab, Wael (Journal of Landscape Ecology, 2025)
Rapid urbanization poses significant challenges that can transform the physical and socio-economic environment of a city. Oman, a coastal country, has experienced a rapid increase in urbanization over the past decades. As statistical data show, the population increased significantly from 1955 to 2023, ranging from 2.5 % to 88 %. Similarly, the population in Al Buraimi Governorate has doubled since 1993, with an estimated population of 121,802 (NCSI, 2021) Al Buraimi City facing significant challenges. The city’s rapid growth in population burdening its infrastructure, traffic, municipal, education and public health capacity. This paper investigates the transformation of Land Use (LU) / Land Cover (LC) change from 2003 to 2023 in relation to population growth, employing both spatial and non-spatial methods to analyze the urban sprawl. The study focuses on the four main objectives: 1. To identify distinct types of sprawls (e.g., continuous, leapfrog, ribbon) and their spatial distribution proximity areas. 2. To examine the factors driving urban sprawl, including population growth, industrial development, socio-economic and educational opportunities. 3. To assess LU/LC changes over the study period using geospatial methods. 4. To forecast urban sprawl pattern using statistical models, providing insights into potential future developments. Given the limited understanding of urban sprawl in the study area, this research aims to address the complex challenges of urbanization and recommends sustainable resource development strategies. The results show that between 2003 to 2023, built-up areas increase from 13.14 % to 14.88 %, roads and other areas from 9.92 % to 11.23 % and vegetation cover decline from 3.93 % to 3.37%. Population, road and built-up area densities show significant increase. The population density rose from 27.72 % to 44.12 %, road density surged from 13.86 % to 47.04 %, built-up area density grew from 25.68 % to 41.92 %. Depending on the forecast results of urban sprawl, the low sprawl (45 %-55 %) with higher density and less probability, medium sprawl (55 %-65 %) with moderate expansion probability, high sprawl (65 %-75 %) with increased probability of expansion and very high sprawl (> 75 %) with lower density, high probability of expansion. The areas with a high population, road or built-up area density are less likely to sprawl in the city of Al Burami. Additionally, three sprawl patterns, continuous, leapfrog and ribbon pattern in the study area were identified, helping in further solutions to urbanization.
Keywords: Urbanisme -- Oman

الشيخ سليمان اللمكي... دوره الريادي في الحياة السياسية والاجتماعية في عمان وشرق أفريقيا - الحضرمي, أحمد بن سعيد; الحضرمي, مسعود بن سعيد (مجلة الحكمة للدراسات الاعلامية و الاتصالية, 2025)
Keywords: Journalisme -- Oman

النمو الحضري بمدينة مدنين (الجنوب الشرقي التونسي) - ضيف الله, الطاهر (Revue des Études Multidisciplinaires en Sciences Économiques et Sociales, 2025)
تشهد مدينة مدنين بالجنوب الشرقي التونسي منذ ترقيتها الى مركز ولاية سنة 1956 تحولات مهمة، تمثلت  في نمو ديمغرافي سريع، وتوسع مجالي، وتدعم في انشطتها الاقتصادية خاصة على مستوع قطاعي الصناعة و الخدمات العمومية، وتدعم نشاط التجارة الموازية منذ سنة 1988 مما ساهم في توسيع نفوذها وتنويع علاقاتها. يتناول هذا العمل دارسة مكونات الدينامية الحضرية بمدينة مدنين وعواملها بتحليل مراحل النمو الديمغرافي، ومكانتها ضمن التراتب الحضري الاقليمي، ومراحل توسعها المجالي، وتدعم أنشطتها الاقتصادية. الكلمات المفاتيح: مدنين - نمو حضري- دينامية حضرية - التسلسل الهرمي - الجنوب الشرقي التونسي
Keywords: Djerba -- Gouvernorat

Et de lupis grex fecundus multiplicatur agnorum. Le paysage ecclésiastique de la Byzacène méridionale et de la Tripolitaine occidentale - Ellefi, Mohamed (Libyan Studies, 2024)
This article reflects on aspects of the ecclesiastical landscape in southern Byzacena and western Tripolitania. The aim is to highlight the conditions of creation and the process of evolution of the ecclesiastical landscape in a territory with a particular geographical identity. In this context, the approach is based on three clearly defined conditions: first, the factors favourable to the appearance and then the development of Christianity in this space; secondly that its main episcopal seats were divided into three essential sets –the bishoprics of the ecclesiastical district called by late sources Arzugitana,the seats of the Gafsa region, and those of the coastal plains of Aradh and Jfara; finally, the particularities of the ecclesiastical landscape with its imprecise boundaries between ecclesiastical and administrative subdivisions and the low representation of Tripolitania in African councils and religious tolerance., ومن الذئاب يتكاثر قطيع الحملان الخصيب. المشهد الكنسي لجنوب بيزاسينا.محمد اللافييقدم هذا المقال ملاحظات عن جوانب المشهد الكنسي في جنوب بيزاسينا و غرب إقليم تريبوليتانيا. ويفحص الوثائق الكنسية بما في ذلك وقائع مؤتمرات قرطاج التي عقدت في 411 و 419، وقصص القديس أوغسطين وفيكتور دي فيتا والبيانات من وثيقة نوتيتسيا (Notitia) 484 . نحن نهدف هنا إلى تسليط الضوء على ظروف تكون وعملية تطور المشهد الكنسي في منطقة ذات هوية جغرافية معينة. حيث تطل على غرب إقليم تريبوليتانيا وجنوب بيزاسينا. وفي هذا السياق، اتبعنا منهجاً يقوم على ثلاثة محاور محددة بوضوح. أولاً، العوامل المواتية لظهور المسيحية ثم تطورها في هذا الفضاء. ثم تم تقسيمها إلى ثلاث مجموعات أساسية. من ناحية، أساقفة المنطقة الكنسية التي تسمى حسب المصادر المتأخرة أرزوجيتانا. ومن جهة أخرى مقاعد منطقة قفصة ومقاعد السهول الساحلية عرادة و الجفارة. أخيراً يتم التركيز على مشكلتين مرتبطتين بالمشهد الكنسي في جنوب بيزاسينا. تتعلق بعدم دقة حدود التقسيمات الكنسية في بيزاسينا و إقليم تريبوليتانيا وانخفاض تمثيل تريبوليتانيا في المجالس الأفريقية.
Keywords: Antiquité; Donatisme

1560 Cerbe Deni̇z Savaşi - Köse, Sevilay (The Journal of Social Sciences, 2025)
Djerba Island, which had been a refuge for famous pirates since the second half of the 16th century, had an important position for the Mediterranean. Especially when Turgut Pasha, the Beylerbeyi of Tripolitania, took Djerba Island under his control, the Christian world's interest in the island increased. The Crusader troops formed to capture Djerba managed to capture the island and built a castle on the island despite the disagreement between the commanders, bad weather conditions, epidemics and deserters. Upon this news, the Ottoman navy under the command of Piyale Pasha moved towards the island of Djerba. The Ottoman fleet, which was outnumbered, defeated the Crusader fleet off the coast of Djerba. While some of the Crusaders fled, some of them took refuge in the castle of Djerba. The Crusaders were besieged by sea and land for two months. The Ottoman navy forced the Crusaders to surrender by attacking the wells in the castle. In return for the surrender of the Crusaders, their lives were spared and the island of Djerba was annexed to Tripolitania under the Ottoman Empire. This study focuses on the conquest of Djerba by the Ottoman navy, which was an important centre of refuge for Turkish pirates and the domination of the Central Mediterranean.
Keywords: Djerba -- Empire ottoman; Invasions chrétiennes -- Djerba -- 1560

L'histoire du christianisme dans la région du Djérid (sud-ouest de la Tunisie) - Chetoui, Mourad (Libyan Studies, 2024)
This paper revisits the history of Christianity in the country of ‘Castîliya’, subsequently called the Djerid region located in the southwest of Tunisia, to re-evaluate and add to the large body of documentation that appeared almost a century ago. Excavations carried out by INP researchers in this region located on the limes of Roman Africa have added new data. The information provided either by written sources, notably Christian sources, or by archaeological excavations, suggests that the region of Djerid was Christianized from the fifth century. Indeed, the four main oases (Tusuros, Nepte, Thiges and Aquae) are all bishoprics belonging to the ecclesiastical province of Byzacene and their bishops, converted either to the Donatist or Catholic schism, are almost always present in the provincial gatherings of the church of Africa, usually held in Carthage. Finally, this research tries to answer the following question, what is the fate of the last indigenous Christian communities of Djerid after the Arab-Muslim invasion?, تاريخ المسيحية ببلاد الجريد (جنوب غرب البلاد التونسية)يبدو من المشروع أن نخصص مرة أخرى بحثا في تاريخ المسيحية في بلاد ”قصطيلية“ التي سميت فيما بعد بلاد الجريد الواقعة في الجنوب الغربي لتونس، وذلك على الرغم من الكم الكبير من البحوث التي ظهرت منذ قرن تقريبا. ومن جهة اخرى يمكن القول أن هذا الموضوع لم يستنفد بعد كل هذه الجوانب ولم يستفد بعد من المعطيات الجديدة المكتسبة ميدانيا، ولا سيما نتائج الحفريات الاثرية التي قام بها باحثون من المعهد الوطني للتراث للتنقيب في هذه المنطقة الواقعة على حدود افريقيا الرومانية. إذا قبلنا بالمعطيات المقدمة إما من المصادر المكتوبة، لا سيما المصادر المسيحية، أو من الحفريات الأثرية فإن منطقة الجريد تبدو قد شملها الدين المسيحي بقوة منذ القرن الخامس . في الحقيقة، فإن الواحات الأربع الرئيسية لبلاد الجريد (توزوروس، نبتي، ثيجاس وأكواي ) لديها أساقفة ينتمون اما للكنيسة الدوناتية او للكنيسة الكاثوليكية و نجدهم يتواجدون تقريبا في التجمعات الاقليمية للكنيسة التي تعقد تقريبا عادة في مدينة قرطاج . وأخيرا يحاول هذا البحث الإجابة على السؤال التالي، ما هو مصير آخر التجمعات المسيحية بعد الغزو العربي الاسلامي لبلاد الجريد؟

مخطوط في أصول الفقه لابن سراقة العامري (ت410هـ): دراسة تحليلية - فخار, جابر بن سليمان (مجلة الشهاب, 2025)
Keywords: Malshūṭī, Tibghūrīn b. ʿĪsā al-

A First Glance at Pre-Islamic Pigments in Shells From Salūt (Sultanate of Oman) - Degli Esposti, Michele; Lotti, Paolo; Crippa, Gaia; Diego Gatta, G.; Zerboni, Andrea (Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, 2025)
Marine shells containing greenish or blackish pigments are frequently found at pre-Islamic archaeological sites in Southeast Arabia and are generally interpreted as ancient eye makeup, representing a long-standing tradition that continues to the present day. While these ‘cosmetic’ shells are primarily found in funerary contexts, their presence in residential areas suggests broader use within the community. Although relatively abundant, these shells have undergone limited chemical and mineralogical analysis, hindering a deeper understanding of their composition and production. This study presents the first archaeometric results from six marine shells excavated at Bronze and Iron Age sites in the Salūt and Bisya oasis (Sultanate of Oman). Chemical analyses reveal copper- and manganese-bearing minerals as the primary components of the greenish and blackish pigments, respectively. The presence of these minerals near the Salūt oasis suggests local pigment sources. This study represents the first step in a broader analytical programme aimed at the characterisation of samples from other archaeological sites of Southeast Arabia spanning over a wider chronological time frame.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Ce qui se passe entre les dessins et la parole - Valette, Eric (Le journal de la recherche, 2024)
Keywords: Arts -- Mzab

Tirer le fil de Ghardaïa - Valette, Eric (Le journal de la recherche, 2024)
Keywords: Architecture -- Mzab

نفوسة والنفوسيون في طبقات المشائخ بالمغرب للدرجيني - المقدمي, نادية عيسى خليفة (مجلة شمال إفريقيا للنشر العلمي, 2025)
Keywords: Prosopographie -- Djebel Nefousa

دور الوقف في تنمية الفكر مكتبة الصفاء للشيخ محمد علي دبوز نموذجا - فخار, حمو بن إبراهيم (مجلة السياق, 2016)
Keywords: Waqf (fondations) -- Mzab

معركة النهروان (38هـ/ 658م): دراسة تحليلية للمقدمات والمآلات والتداعيات في ضوء تعدُّدية الروايات التاريخية - الريامي, علي بن سعيد; اليعربي, يونس بن مطر (مجلة الدراسات الإنسانية والأدبية, 2025)
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل المقدمات التاريخية لمعركة النهروان 38هـ/ 658م، وتداعياتها على البنية السياسية والفكرية للمجتمع الإسلامي المبكر؛ مع تقديم قراءة جديدة تعتمد إلى مصادر متنوعة، بما فيها المصادر الإباضية التي أُهمِلَت في دراسات سابقة. تكمُن أهمية هذه الدراسة في الكشف عن جذور النزاعات السياسية والفكرية التي شَهِدَها الإسلام المبكر، وانعكاساتها على تشكيل المفاهيم المتعلقة بالشرعية السياسية وطاعة الحاكم، فضلًا عن فهمِ تداعياتها على الواقع العربي والإسلامي المعاصر، كونِها تُسَلِّطُ الضوء على واحدة من أكثر المراحل تعقيدًا وحسَّاسيَّةً في التاريخ الإسلامي. فمن خلال دراسة معركة النَّهروان؛ يمكن فهمُ الجذور الأولى للنزاعات السياسية والفكرية التي ظهرت في الإسلام المبكر، ومدى تأثيرها في ظهور ما عُرِفَ "الفِرَق الإسلامية" اعتمدت هذه الدراسة المنهجَ التاريخي التحليلي، من خلال تتبُّع الروايات التاريخية ومقارنتها نقديًّا؛ مع التركيز على تجاوز التَّحيُّز الأيديولوجي ودمج وجهات نظر المصادر المختلفة. ومن أبرز ما توصلت إليه هذه الدراسة من نتائج أنَّ معركة النَّهروان مثَّلت تحوًّلًا جوهريًّا في علاقة السُّلطة بالمعارضة، وأسهمت في ترسيخ الانقسامات الفكرية والسياسية، وأكدت ضرورة الاعتماد إلى مصادر متعددة لتقديم رُؤية شاملة للأحداث.الكلمات المفتاحية: النَّهروان؛ صِفِّين؛ السُّنَّة؛ الشِّيعة؛ الإباضية.
Keywords: Fitnah

Muscat in Rural Tanzania: Omani Arabs, Identity, and Citizenship in Post-Slavery Tanzania, 1920s–1960s - Nyanto, Salvatory S.; Becker, Felicitas M. (African Historical Review, 2025)
Studies on post-slavery in East Africa often concentrate on the aftermath of slavery for the formerly enslaved. By contrast, former owners’ experiences after abolition and during emancipation are rarely explored. This article examines the trajectories of Omani Arabs in western Tanzania during and after the end of slavery, ca. 1910 to the late twentieth century. Having settled and built slavelabour plantations along the central caravan route in the nineteenth century, they relocated to rural areas between the 1920s and 1930s following the legal abolition of slavery and great economic depression. To tell their story in postslavery Tanzania, we drew examples from primary sources deposited in the archives of Tanzania and the United Kingdom, and oral interviews collected from the many villages in rural western Tanzania where the Omanis’ descendants now live. We show that the history of the Omani Arabs and their identity in twentieth-century western Tanzania was shaped by economic dispossession and uncertainty about citizenship, but also by evolving cultural identities and sustained social networking.
Keywords: Relations -- Oman -- Zanzibar

A present without future? Youth, education and family in Tunisia - Garcia, Jose Sánchez; Najar, Sihem (Rizoma freireano, 2019)
Keywords: Vie sociale -- Djerba

A Tolerated Terror: Rahmah bin Jabir and the Age of Revolutions in the Gulf, 1760-1830 - Roberts, Nicholas P. (Itinerario, 2025)
Rahmah bin Jabir (c. 1760-1826) is one of the most frequently mentioned persons in British sources from the Gulf in the first decades of the nineteenth century. He is also found throughout important Arabic-language chronicles. Despite his prominence in the sources, however, scholars have paid him relatively little attention, in either English or in Arabic. Though often cast as a pirate, this article argues that Rahmah bin Jabir was a political entrepreneur critical to shaping the international order of the Gulf in the first half of the nineteenth century. Reading against the grain of the colonial archive and synthesizing British sources with Arab chronicles, this article brings to life a textured political imaginary of the Gulf in the global age of revolutions, using Rahmah to weave overlapping political agendas between different emerging states, including the Omanis, the Saudi-Wahhabis, the Bahrainis, the Qataris, and the British. I suggest that Rahmah stands as one figure through whom historians can continue piecing together an age of revolutions in the Gulf that is more than Europe’s emergence into modernity, one that highlights a complex and vibrant history of negotiation, endurance, and resiliency.
Keywords: Biographies

المسائل النحوية والصرفية في كتاب الإبانة في اللغة العربية لسلمة بن مسلم العوتبي - زيدان, انتصار محمد; قدوري, سوسن غانم (مجلة بحوث اللغة, 2025)
من اللغات التي تتميّز بنظام تركيبيٍّ نحويٍّ، وصرفيٍّ، وصوتيٍّ -فريدٍ- هي اللغة العربية، فإنها أجزل لغات العالم لفظاً، وأمكنِها مقدرةً على استيعاب المفردات، ولكلماتها وألفاظها دلالاتٌ مختلفات، ومعلومٌ أنّ اللغة فنٌّ لا يولد مع الإنسان إلا بعد المخالطة، والدراسة، وطول النظر، والعكوف على مصادرها - بحثاً وتقصّياً- للوقوف على بدائعها وأسرارها، وممن لَمَعَ نجمه، وبَانَ أُفقُه -امتداداً على طول الزمن- عالمٌ عاش في القرن الخامس الهجري عرف بـ "العوتبيّ" و"الصحاري"، إذ ترك لنا كتاباً في أربعة أجزاء أسماه: "الإبانة"، في بيان كثير من معاني اللغة، ومضمّناً إياه كثيراً من مسائل النحو والصرف والبلاغة والمعاني، جاء هذا البحث متناولاً بيانَ مكانة هذا العالم الكبير الذي غفلت عنه الدراسات، ثم بعضاً من أهم المسائل النحوية والصرفية الواردة في كتابه "الإبانة"، واستخراج هذا الكنز المتناثر بين طيّاته، وتناولها بالشرح والتفصيل ليستفيد منها الباحثون، على الرغم من ان هذا الكتاب مُعجَميٌّ؛ إلا أنّ هذه المسائل قد أخذت نصيبها منه عنده في الكتاب، جاء البحث في مبحثين: الأول تعريف بالعوتبيِّ وشيء من ترجمته، ثم تعريفاً بكتابه "الإبانة"، مع بيان محتواه وموضوعه، وأبرز ملامح منهجه فيه ، وجاء المبحث الثاني: باحثاً بعضاً من أهم المسائل النحوية والصرفية الواردة فيه، فأصحبت المسائل: أربعة نحويّات، وثلاثةٍ صرفيات، ثم خاتمة، مع أبرز النتائج.
Keywords: Linguistique -- Oman

الأمثال الشَّحْرِيَّة: ذاكرة الثقافة الشفوية في ظفار، عُمان = Shaḥrī Proverbs: the Memory of Oral Culture in Dhofar, Oman - الشحري, محمد مستهيل (Athīrat: Journal of Ancient Arabia, 2025)
ملخص البحث ‫يمكن القول بأن الأمثال الشحرية تشكّل جزءًا أساسيًا من الذاكرة الثقافية التواصلية ومن الخزان الثقافي الخاص في هذه الديار عبر التاريخ والتي تعكس بلا شك علاقة الإنسان بالأرض واستمراريته في أرض ظفار. يتناول البحث عددًا من الأمثال المنطوقة التي تعبر عن ثقافة مجتمعية تعتمد على الذاكرة في التواصل واكتساب المعرفة وتداول الثقافة. تكشف الأمثال عن المصادر الأولية في الثقافة الشعبية ومدى ارتباطها بالمعتقد الديني أو العرف الاجتماعي. وتتناول جزءا من ثقافة المجتمع تجاه المرأة فتقدر المرأة وتثمن دورها الاجتماعي، وتوضح الأمثال الشحرية عن نمط اقتصادي رعوي يشارك فيه الرجال والنساء معًا.‬
Keywords: Linguistique -- Oman

Al-Nejd, a Fortified Samad Late Iron Age Settlement in Sharqiyya North Governorate, Sultanate of Oman: an Attempted Reconstruction - Yule, Paul A.; Ayash, Nasser Bovoleti (Athīrat: Journal of Ancient Arabia, 2025)
Abstract First reported in 2014, a fortified site atop a small mountain adjacent to the village of al-Nejd shows another facet of the settlements of the little-known Samad Late Iron Age (SLIA). Until recently, few settlements of the Early Iron Age and late pre-Islamic period are recorded and published in the land between the Oman Peninsula (U.A.E.) and Oman’s southern province, Dhofar. While analyzing graves with skeletons and finds of the latter period yields information about their owners, settlements lag far behind. With this background, al-Nejd offers new insight into the settlement, in addition to the first coin to be found in Oman. The authors attempt graphic documentation to contextualize the architecture and answer two questions. First, is there a typical kind of SLIA fortification separate from other periods? Second, how closely is the SLIA related to its neighbors and the preceding period in terms of material culture and architecture?
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

New Rock Art Discoveries in Aṣ Ṣafiyya (Wadi Nafūn, Duqm), Sultanate of Oman - Fossati, Angelo E.; Garba, Roman (Athīrat: Journal of Ancient Arabia, 2025)
Abstract The Nafūn rock art complex, located in al-Wusṭā Governorate in south-central Oman, was discovered in 2020 and has emerged as one of the most extensive rock art sites in southeast Arabia. The site features 59 flat limestone rock surfaces with over 200 South Arabian inscriptions and over 500 engraved figures. These figures include maritime animal depictions such as sea turtles, sperm whales, squid, jellyfish, ray fish, and mola mola, along with more common depictions of camels (sometimes ridden) and horsemen hunting oryx or wild canids. The rock art tradition in the Nafūn area is estimated to reach from the 5th millennium BCE to the 2nd millennium CE, offering a unique window into a way of life that endured for over 6,000 years.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

A Paradoxical Pilgrimage. The Ghriba Synagogue in Djerba - Albera, Dionigi; Pénicaud, Manoël (Religiographies, 2022)
In North Africa, the long-term coexistence between Jews and Muslims generated many interfaith crossings. It was not uncommon for the followers of one religion to visit a shrine of the other, in order to obtain baraka (divine grace). This phenomenon has mostly disappeared throughout the Maghreb, but it persists on the island of Djerba (southern Tunisia), where over a thousand Jews are still living. Every year, for the Jewish holiday of Lag Ba’Omer, a pilgrimage gathers together thousands of Jewish pilgrims in the Ghriba synagogue. Many come from abroad, notably from France and Israel, where many Tunisian Jews migrated after the mid-20th century. Some Muslims also participate at different moments of the pilgrimage. Based on historical research and on ethnographic work carried out in 2014 and 2022, this article elucidates a series of paradoxes that make the singularity of this holy place. Here the interactions between Jews and Muslims at the shrine are characterized by an intense conviviality. Yet, during the last decades this site has been affected by tangible eruptions of bloody violence by Islamist terrorists. The structure of the pilgrimage seems to rest on a delicate balance between local and external forces. More generally, the Ghriba pilgrimage is crossed by major political dynamics, and is recurrently affected by the turmoil of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Keywords: Judaïsme -- Djerba

André Ravéreau, lezioni a confronto : oltre i confini del M'Zab - Ruggeri, Daniela (Rassegna di architettura e urbanistica, 2023)
Keywords: Architecture -- Mzab

Islam, réforme et colonisation: Une histoire de l’ibadisme en Algérie (1882-1962) - Cherih, Chaouki (Revue d'histoire moderne contemporaine, 2024)
Keywords: Recension

التراث اللامادي للمجتمع الغرداوي" طقوسية الماء في المعتقد الموروث أنموذجا" - بيشي, رحيمة; نواصر, نصيرة (مجلة البحوث التاريخية, 2024)
Keywords: Moeurs et coutumes -- Mzab

Rifugiati politici e migranti, questioni confinarie e dispute di sovranità: i "sudditi italiani di Libia" in Tunisia (1911-1914) - Cresti, Federico (Studi storici, 2017)
Prima della delimitazione del confine tra il protettorato francese di Tunisia e i territori ottomani della Libia, nel 1910, la regione di frontiera era un luogo di passaggio attraverso il quale popolazioni dei due territori si spostavano seguendo i cicli delle attività agropastorali, per questioni economiche o in conseguenza di avvenimenti politici. Storicamente questo spostamento aveva interessato in maniera maggiore le popolazioni tripolitane, tanto che una parte notevole degli abitanti della Tunisia era di origine tripolitana, e come tale era riconosciuta dal nome di "trabelsiyya" attribuito ai suoi componenti. L'emigrazione tripolitana ebbe un incremento notevole dopo la conquista italiana di Tripoli: era un fenomeno estremamente negativo per la nuova colonia italiana, che vedeva depauperarsi una regione già poco popolata, mentre il protettorato francese si avvantaggiava dell'apporto di nuova forza lavoro. Intorno a questa emigrazione, tra il 1911 e il 1914 si svolse un'intensa controversia tra Roma e Parigi in seguito ai mutamenti nello statuto giuridico dei tripolitani derivati dalla nuova situazione coloniale. Mentre il governo di Roma riteneva legittimo il riconoscimento ai suoi sudditi libici di Tunisia dei privilegi riconosciuti agli italiani dagli accordi vigenti, il governo di Parigi lo vedeva come un pericolo per la sua sovranità: in prospettiva, come un'arma ulteriore che l'Italia avrebbe potuto usare nella sua rivendicazione del territorio di Tunisi, fondata su una presenza italiana quantitativamente importante all'interno del protettorato.

A Strategy to Improve Comfort Level and Optimize the Thermal Behavior of the Building: Learning from M’zab Architecture - Messaitfa, Abdelwahab; Bencherif, Meriama (Prostor, 2023)
Due to centuries of rich experience, vernacular architecture offers significant lessons on sustainable building practices. This style competes exceptionally well with contemporary designs because of its efficiency, adept functionality, environmental compatibility, and harmonious relationship with human societies. The M'zab Valley in Ghardaia, Algeria, deserves to be classified as a World Heritage Site because it features original vernacular architecture that expresses smart building concepts while blending seamlessly into natural landscapes. In this paper, we validate the hypothesis that traditional Ghardaia housing in the Ksour reflects high energy efficiency and low reliance on active heating and cooling. We shall conduct a comparative study between a traditional dwelling belonging to vernacular architecture in the ancient Ksar Beni Isguen and a modern residence in Ksar Tafilelt. Through this comparison and simulation method, we seek to determine the most efficient architectural style in terms of energy use and the provision of thermal comfort in order to draw lessons and contribute to reducing the excessive consumption of non-renewable energies.
Keywords: Architecture -- Mzab

The Making of a Ruler: Haitham bin Tariq on the Omani Throne - Kechichian, Joseph Albert (Middle East Policy, 2025)
Oman's leadership transition from Qaboos bin Sa‘id to Haitham bin Tariq validated Al Sa‘id authority in more ways than one. While the 15th Al Sa‘id sultan has only been in power for slightly more than four years, his initial governance preferences indicate that he will manage with poise. Haitham has developed a new doctrine that emphasizes wealth creation, acceleration of education levels, ensuring norms of social security, improving civil rights, and promoting closer ties with the sultanate's neighbors. In key speeches, he has promised to address core challenges and, over the course of four years, has ushered in laws that translate his pledges into actions. This preliminary assessment of Haitham evaluates his early decisions, appraises his declared priorities, and identifies his major preferences. It further highlights some of the internal as well as foreign challenges that confront Omanis. Given his measured and contemplative personality, Haitham has adopted pragmatic policies to preserve and defend Omani interests—not only to continue on his predecessor's path but to further validate long-term Al Sa‘id aspirations.
Keywords: Vie politique -- Oman -- 2020-....

Les leçons d’Ibiza pour un développement responsable et durable du tourisme à Djerba (Tunisie) - Dribek, Abderraouf; Cardona, José Ramon (Mondes en développement, 2024)
Keywords: Développement durable -- Djerba; Tourisme -- Djerba

Bronze Age to Early Iron Age Water Harvesting and Management in the Ancient Oasis of Salūt (Bisya, Sultanate of Oman) - Degli Esposti, Michele; Cremaschi, Mauro; Zerboni, Andrea (Open Quaternary, 2025)
During the 3rd millennium BC, a series of oases located along the western foothills of the al-Hajar Mountains saw the establishment of intensive human occupation, associated with the construction of large buildings (the so-called “towers”) and residential structures. These settlements were supported by the onset of agriculture and their development was often associated with and made possible by the introduction of substantial water management systems, including simple wells and complex, large ditches. The oasis of Salūt, near Bisya in the central Sultanate of Oman, is one such Early Bronze Age (EBA) centre. There, extensive investigation of ancient hydraulic structures provided an opportunity to study contexts preserving significant information on ancient climate change and water availability, from the late 3rd to the second half of the 1st millennium BC. A geoarchaeological investigation targeted the huge ditch surrounding the EBA stone tower of Salūt-ST1. Its complete layout was revealed and large portions were fully excavated, allowing the documentation of its infillings and the geological substratum. At the same time, wells excavated at the bottom of the ditch witness the attempt to cope with the lowering water table at the turn of the 3rd millennium BC. Exploration of Iron Age (IA) wells, paired with the geoarchaeological study of sediments from the plain, further extended the chronological scope of the research, while a survey of the area identified ancient and more recent underground and open-air channels, including the exceptional radiometric dating for the introduction of the aflaj (the local term – plural – for the underground water tunnels) network serving the oasis in the late Holocene. This contribution presents the first synthesis including fresh data on how water was harvested and managed in the area of Salūt over almost two millennia, with a diachronic approach that finds little parallels in the region.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

Homeland Is Where the Soul Resides: Travel Prayer, Passports, and Nation in the Western Indian Ocean - Limbert, Mandana E. (Comparative Studies in Society and History, 2025)
This article examines conflicting notions of political home or homeland (waṭan) in the early twentieth-century Western Indian Ocean. In a period of colonial consolidation and shifts in trans-oceanic mobility, determining political belonging took on urgency for both British officials and Omani intellectuals and migrants. This article examines how, in contrast to both anti-colonial nationalists and British colonial officials, homeland in Omani religious scholarship was neither bounded territorially nor articulated through origins or subjecthood. Yet, it was spatial, affective, and hierarchically determined. And, it was manifest, embodied, and performed in the daily requirements of prayer. Spatial but not territorial, necessary but personally, hierarchically, and affectively decided, this pious notion of homeland has for the most part been replaced by the nation-state form. Yet, legacies of attachment to waṭan outside the bounded territorial model occasionally surface, operating as a simultaneous, but not synonymous, expression of political and personal belonging.
Keywords: Emigration -- Oman

A critical analysis of the impact of early marriage on girls based on published autobiographies and a contemporary scholarly text – Īḍāḥ al-bayān fī nikāḥ al-ṣibyān - Mayberry, John F. (Medico-Legal Journal, 2025)
Background This work emerged from a need to better understand the “lived experience” of early marriage for girls and how it should impact on contemporary attitudes in the Muslim community and encourage it to support the international movement with the aim of a minimum common age of 18 years for marriage of young people. Objective To identify from contemporary published literature, including autobiographies and religious texts dealing specifically with early marriage, the effects of early marriage on individuals and to set this as a background to the extensive literature on its medical, psychological and social impact. Participants and setting: The setting is the published words of two women and a man who were involved in early marriages and a commentary on the topic by an Ibadi theologian. Methods The documents were identified through searching a range of databases using various search engines. Texts were then analysed for key terms describing the impact of early marriage and these were then grouped into themes. Findings The extracts raise questions linked to the issue of consent and the role of adult coercion, including physical force and threat of harm. In practice girls are given in marriage by their guardians against their wishes and international conventions on the rights and care of children, as well as that outlined in Qur’an 4 v6. Conclusion Modern Muslim states face a real challenge in implementing 18 as the minimum age for marriage, especially in how to manage opposition to appropriate new legislation from some traditionalist groups.
Keywords: Fiqh -- mariage

Le conflit de Ghardaïa (2013-2015) : de la banalisation de l’usage des stéréotypes à la vengeance - Mihoubi, Noureddine (Confluences Méditerranée, 2024)
Keywords: Conflits -- Mzab

Ghadames (Libya). Surveying Data for a reconstructive proposal of the ruins locally known as “el-Asnam”, the Idols - Pinna Caboni, Beatrice (Disegnarecon, 2020)
The following paper covers a topic seldom studied in detail, namely the ruins locally known as al-Asnam (“the Idols”) of the funerary monuments from the Roman settlement of Cydamus, as well as the few related architectural elements reused as spolia in the actual town oasis of Ghadames (Libya). The dispersal of most of them and the strong deterioration of the rude mortared rubble core preserved in situ, now stripped of their ashlar masonry, make it difficult to reconstruct the lost architecture of these funeral monuments. But detailed studies of the preserved data and, going forward, the formal and metrical coincidences with best preserved tombs with arcaded portico elevating on a cubic basement conserved in the Ghirza necropolis and in other sites of predesertic Tripolitania, allows us to make reliable assumptions about the original images of these monuments. The paper will analyse the most significant spolia recorded during the surveys, such as peculiar capitals with heavy square-ended abacuses, plain and spirally fluted shafts, friezes and head-arches with carved geometric and phytomorphic patterns and iconographic subjects, mainly to re-create the virtual image of these funeral monuments and to define their chronological framework, that fits with the historical transformations and the wider cultural, social and economic dynamics of late Roman Tripolitania. The simple reiteration of flat and simplified decorative ensemble, the archaising representation of the wealth status of the client élite and the conscious references to classical models all emphasize the prestige of their monuments, which have been passed down from the late IV and V centuries. They can all be seen to be linked to the process of transmission of new models through the main caravan route still actively connecting the Libyan coast to the south of the region.
Keywords: Archéologie -- Ghadamès

اثر استراتيجية الفلاحة الصحراوية في الجزائر على الاقتصاد الوطني: ولاية غرداية نموذجا = The Impact of Desert Farming Strategy in Algeria on the National Economy: The Case of Ghardaia Province - سويد, هاجر; أولاد العيد, بوحفص (مجلة الإقتصاد والتجارة الدولية, 2024)
Keywords: Agriculture -- Mzab

Reasoning By Analogy According to the Ibāḍis In The Second Century AH = لاستدلال بالقياس عند الإباضية في القرن الثاني الهجري - الهادي, سيف بن سالم (International Journal of Fiqh and Usul al-Fiqh Studies, 2025)
This research presents a preliminary study on qiyas (analogy) in the Ibadi School, focusing on the second century A. H. in which Abū ʿUbaydah Muslim bin Abī Karīmah and his students were present. It has shown that the school paid early attention to analogy. Abū ʿUbaydah, al-Rabīʿ, and Ibn ʿAbd al- ʿAzīz used it to varying degrees, and the latter one comes in the forefront of those who used it abundantly. Abū ʿUbaydah initially expressed reservations, due to the absence of standardized values, and the fear of adopting whims as a hidden premise for analogy, especially if the matter was related to dimāʾ (killing life) and furūj (private parts). However, the applied practices of what later became known to the uṣūlī scholars as the qiyas al-ʿillah wa al-dalālah (analogy of cause and indication) were evident in Abū ʿUbaydah’s masāʾil (issues) and inspired in his later students. Ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz considered Abū ʿUbaydah as skilled and precise in his applications of analogy. This research traces these applications through the Mudawwanah (writings) of Abū Ghānim Al-Khurāsānī (d. 200 A. H.).
Keywords: Fiqh -- Irak -- 8e siècle

Toward a Maghribi Turn in Ottoman History - Marglin, Jessica M.; Ismail, Youssef Ben (Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association, 2024)
, ABSTRACT:, The fields of Ottoman and Maghribi history have largely developed independently of one another. Thanks to the outlooks of both colonialist and nationalist historiographies of the Maghrib, historians of North Africa for a long time mostly ignored the Ottoman presence or depicted the Ottomans as distant, foreign conquerors. Ottoman historians tended to see the Maghrib as peripheral to the history of the empire and to portray North African provinces as largely irrelevant to the core of Ottoman history. Since the 1970s, a smattering of scholars has attempted to connect the histories of the Ottoman Empire and the Maghrib. Building on this growing body of work, this article argues for the usefulness of taking the Ottoman Empire seriously in the study of Maghribi history, and of taking the Maghrib seriously in the study of the Ottoman Empire. After an exploration of the historiography, we turn to a discussion of sovereignty as an example of what the Maghribi turn in Ottoman history might look like. Rather than consign North Africa to an imagined periphery, we ask how Ottoman historiography can be reimagined when we view the empire from the Maghrib.
Keywords: Djerba -- Empire ottoman

An Ibadi Diplomat in late-Ottoman Cairo: The Life & Afterlife of Saʿid al-Shammakhi - Love Jr, Paul M. (Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association, 2024)
, ABSTRACT:, This article follows the career of Saʿīd al-Shammākhī (d.1883), who served in Cairo, Egypt as the wakil of the Bey of Tunis from 1871–1881. I suggest that Shammakhi's life and career as wakil offers novel valence and voice to an increasingly polyvalent, polyphonic, and polychronic history of late Ottoman North Africa; namely, that of an Ibadi Muslim commercial and diplomatic agent, whose career linked two late-Ottoman Arab provinces at a decisive period in their history. The article situates Shammakhi in recent scholarship on late-Ottoman North Africa, with an emphasis on work that has sought to decenter European imperialism and colonialism as the defining factors in the chronology and history of the region. It also outlines his biography leading up to his appointment as wakil before then contextualizing Shammakhi's role as wakil by explaining the nature of that office. Shammakhi's time as wakil—and even the years following his death—expressed multiple belongings, imagined alternative futures past, and embodied a life and afterlife disrupted, but not defined, by the encounter between European imperialism and Ottoman lands in Africa.
Keywords: Biographies -- Djerba -- 19e siècle; Commerce -- Djerba; Djerba -- Empire ottoman

El retrato colectivo de los Banu Birzal - De Felipe, Helena (Anaquel de Estudios Árabes, 2025)
The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the collective portrait of the Banū Birzāl, a Berber nukkārite group that was exiled from the Maghrib to al-Andalus during the caliphate of al-Ḥakam II. The objective of this reconstruction is to highlight the effects that the changes in geographical, socio-political and religious contexts provoked in their collective biographical portrait, which, in certain periods, is transferred from the collectivity to certain individualities. The collective displacement of Banū Birzāl and the details of their historical trajectory allow us to draw some conclusions about their textual representation as a group, changes in both their leadership and their beliefs and, finally, about their mobility in the Mediterranean area.
Keywords: Banu Birzal -- Histoire; Nukkarisme -- Andalousie

Study of the antioxidant activity of some traditional date vinegar from the indigenous knowledge of the M’Zab valley populations (north-eastern Algerian Sahara) - Benhammadi, Zohra; Ould El Hadj, Mohammed Didi; Bouziane, Ghania; Eddoud, Amar; Kemassi, Abdellah; Chakou, Fatma Zohra; Khalifa, Sara; Benkhelifa, Nadjet (African Journal of Biological Sciences, 2025)
This study focuses on the physicochemical characterization and biological activities of some traditional date vinegars from the indigenous knowledge populations of the M’Zab valley (north-eastern Algerian Sahara). These are four types of vinegar made from different varieties of dates, including TemdjohoretTafezwine-Ghars (TTG), Ghars-Tafezwine-Azerza (GAT), H’Chef Deglet Noor (D1), and Ghars-Tafezwine-Azerza-Deglet Noor (ND). The analysis results show that the date vinegar samples studied are characterized by an acidic pH (3.15±0.02-3.62±0.00), high dry matter contents (3.98±0.17-8.47±0.06%), insoluble solids rate (8.1±0.06-15.05±0.03), in electrical conductivity (3.36±0.01-6.11±0.01ms/cm), and total acidity contents ranging from 14.17±2.40 for GAT to 39.8±0.92 g/l for TTG. The residual alcohol rates are 1±0.00% for the TTG sample to 4.9±0.00% for GAT. However, total sugar contents (0.88±0.1%7.36±0.57%) are more or less high in samples of traditional date vinegar, which gives a sweetness to some date vinegar samples. The protein contents (0.43±0.007-0.79±0.002) of the various date vinegar samples are low. Statistical analyses show that each type of traditional date vinegar has a distinct profile, influenced by the chemical characteristics of the cultivars used. The antioxidant activities of traditional date vinegar samples show their high antioxidant capacity for all types of radicals. Each sample of vinegar has significant antioxidant activities, although their activities are always lower than those of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) or Trolox. For each type of traditional date vinegar sample, it should be noted that the radical inhibition rates (FRAP, DPPH, and ABTS) are dosedependent. The sample with the highest antioxidant power remains GharsTafezwine-Azerza (GAT), with IC50 = 0.0538 mg product/ml distilled water for the DPPH test and IC50 = 0.0125 mg product/ml distilled water for the ABTS test. For a high reduction capacity by the FRAP test, it is 484.16±8.66 µM/ml equivalant Trolox.
Keywords: Botanique -- Mzab

الطباعة العربية للكتاب الاباضي أثناء الاحتلال الفرنسي للجزائر "جهود الحاج عمر بن ابراهيم العطفاوي (1854-1912م)" - الحاج عيسى, إلياس بن عمر (مجلة العبر للدراسات التاريخية و الاثرية في شمال افريقيا, 2019)
يتناول هذا البحث مظهراً من مظاهر المقاومة الثقافية أثناء الاحتلال الفرنسي للجزائر، مُمَثَّلاً في الاهتمام باللغة العربية في بيئة محلية (مزاب)، حيث قام أحد مُثقَّفِيها وهو الحاج عمر بن إبراهيم العطفاوي بتمويل طبع العديد من كتب الشيخ محمد بن يوسف أَطْفَيَّشْ بِمالِه الخاص، مع شريك له من بني يسجن يدعى الحاج محمد بن صالح اليَسْجِنِي مُكَلَّفٌ بمتابعة عملية الطبع. نطرح من خلال هذه الدراسة مجموعة من التساؤلات: من هو الحاج عمر بن إبراهيم، وماهي دوافع ودلالات الاهتمام بكتب الشيخ أطفيّش، وكيف كانت ظروف طبع الكتاب العربي أثناء الاحتلال الفرنسي. من هم الخطاطون الجزائريون وما هي الخطوط المستعملة.تبيّن من خلال التساؤلات أن الدراسة تفتح آفاقاً نحو مواضيع أخرى، كالطباعة الحجرية، والخطاطون الجزائريون، والخطوط العربية. في حين تكمن أهمية الدراسة أنها تستند إلى ثلاثة عقود تُوَثِّقُ لِشَراكة مؤقَّتة في مجال طبع الكتب، وهي ظاهرة جديرة بالاهتمام، في زمن ساد فيه الجهل وعزّ فيه الطلب على الكتاب.
Keywords: Imprimerie -- Mzab

André Ravéreau, Sub-Saharan Africa works. Transpositions and Synthesis between North and South Sahara - Ruggeri, Daniela (FAMagazine. Ricerche e progetti sull'architettura e la città, 2024)
This paper investigates the Sub-Saharan works of architect André Ravéreau (Limoges 1919-Aubenas 2017), as interpretations of the Modern Movement in Africa. A student of Auguste Perret, Ravéreau was strongly influenced by Le Corbusier, so much so that he followed in his footsteps by making a journey to study the Saharan architecture of the M'Zab Valley, made known to the West thanks to Le Corbusier’s 1931-33 Carnets de voyage. In the 1960s, Ravéreau moved to Algeria, where he worked for about twenty years, holding important positions. From 1965 to 1973 he was Architecte en chef des monuments historiques d'Algérie. From the 1970s onwards, his work took him beyond the Algerian desert, to Sub-Saharan Africa, where he received commissions for school and health buildings in Mali, Mauritania and Burkina Faso; he then took part in the competition for the French Embassy project in Uganda. In his discovery of this “new Africa”, Ravéreau brings with him the experience learned in the M'Zab, which he transfers into his sub-Saharan projects, arriving at new “tropical” solutions always strongly contextualised.
Keywords: Architecture -- Mzab

Alice Wilson, Afterlives of Revolution. Everyday Counterhistories in Southern Oman - Boulay, Sébastien (L’Homme. Revue française d’anthropologie, 2024)
Ce n’est pas la première fois qu’Alice Wilson nous invite à découvrir un mouvement révolutionnaire du monde arabo-musulman et ses réminiscences dans le présent. Notre collègue de l’Université de Sussex au Royaume-Uni s’était en effet déjà fait connaître en 2016 par un ouvrage consacré au mouvement de libération du Sahara occidental, le Front Polisario, et à la République arabe sahraouie démocratique, dans lequel elle se penchait sur la question de la souveraineté exercée par cet État exilé de...
Keywords: Recension

The Sultan of Muscat in Vermont: Reimagining the Middle East in World History - Roberts, Nicholas P. (Middle East Critique, 2025)
While historians have never written about it, in May 1846 the Sultan of Muscat arrived in Weathersfield, Vermont for his first voyage to the United States. This article uses the Sultan’s arrival in Vermont as a platform for augmenting a growing chorus of historians challenging the geographic and disciplinary boundaries that continue to define Middle East Studies. Using archival sources from the US, UK, Zanzibar, and a range of secondary sources, this article addresses a complex centuries-long process of Omani expansion and expropriation that culminated in Zanzibar in the nineteenth century and the height of the Omani Empire as an active participant in shaping the modern world economy. The writing of world history and of Middle East history generally continues to commence from the presupposition of an inevitably ascendant Western-created and led modern world. This article challenges the latter assumption.
Keywords: Relations -- Oman -- Etats-Unis

Investigating the effective components on Fatimid relations with khariji religious other believers in the Islamic Maghreb - Mohammadi, Bahjat; Moradi Khalaj, Mohammad Mehdi (Historical Studies of the Islamic World, 2024)
AbstractThe formation of the Fatimid state in the Maghreb in 297 AH was the beginning of the Fatimid attempt to dominate the entire territory of the Maghreb as an all-encompassing state. This made the Fatimids' treatment of other believer groups in the Maghreb inevitable. other believers included Sunnis, Zaidi Shiites, and khariji religion who played important roles in the political, economic, and social spheres. Fatimid relations with these groups have been quite different based on religious and political circumstances. Based on a descriptive-analytical approach, the present study seeks to investigate the relationship between the Fatimids and khariji religion other believers of the Bani Rostam and Bani Madrar religions and the influence of religious, political and economic factors on these relations. Findings show that all three religious, political and economic components have played an important role in shaping these relationships. Although the religious and intellectual component has played a more prominent role and the intellectual and religious conflicts in the field of Imamate and Caliphate have been the infrastructure of Fatimid relations with this group of other believers; On the other hand, the effort to develop the land and form a powerful government, as well as access to the commercial interests of the region, has been one of the political and economic factors influencing the Fatimids' relations with khariji religious people.
Keywords: Dynastie rustumide

Traditions mozabites aujourd'hui - Jomier, Augustin; Meghnine, Khaled (Suspended spaces, 2024)
Keywords: Moeurs et coutumes -- Mzab

Ahkam : l'autre maison mozabite - Bouali-Messahel, Mounia (Suspended spaces, 2024)
Keywords: Architecture -- Mzab

L'architecture du M'Zab - Bendimerad, Sabri; Bouali-Messahel, Mounia (Suspended spaces, 2024)
Keywords: Architecture -- Mzab

Cinémas du désert - Ferhani, Hassen; Djedouani, Nabil (Suspended spaces, 2024)
Keywords: Vie culturelle -- Mzab

Pistes et hors pistes sahariennes. "Tenter de se rejoindre" - Jarvis, Jill Marie; Leuvrey, Elisabeth (Suspended spaces, 2024)
Keywords: Vie culturelle -- Mzab

Désert, jardins, gestion de l'eau : revivifier la terre - Moussaoui, Abderrahmane; Biase, Alessia de (Suspended spaces, 2024)
Keywords: Agriculture -- Mzab

Quelles formes de réhabilitation pour le ksar d'Ouargla ? Des objectifs urbains, patrimoniaux et sociaux - Rayane-Kadri, Salima; Chaouche, Salah; Benameur, Amina Hadia (Les Cahiers du Crasc, 2016)
Keywords: Monuments -- conservation -- Ouargla; Urbanisme -- Ouargla

نقد تفسير القرآن بالقرآن عند الإباضية تفسير هيميان الزاد إلى دار المعاد أنموذجًا - الشمري, هيا بنت حمدان (مجلة کلية الدراسات الإسلامية والعربية للبنات بالإسکندرية, 2024)
نقد تفسير القرآن بالقرآن عند الإباضيةتفسير هيميان الزاد إلى دار المعاد أنموذجًاالملخص :تناول هذا البحث نقد تفسير القرآن بالقرآن عند الإباضية، وذلك من خلال تفسير هيميان الزاد إلى دار المعاد للمؤلف محمد بن يوسف أطفيش، وقد تضمَّن تمهيداً ومبحثين وخاتمة، ذكرتُ في التمهيد نبذة عن تفسير القرآن بالقرآن ومنزلته في علم التفسير، وذكرتُ في المبحث الأول تعريفاً عن الإباضية وأبرز عقائدهم، وتعريفاً بمنهج تفسير هيميان الزاد ومؤلفه، ثم ذكرتُ في المبحث الثاني نماذج من تفسير هيميان الزاد في تفسير القرآن بالقرآن مع مقارنتها بأقوال المفسرين من أهل السنة، واجتهدتُ في بيان الصواب من القول وفق القواعد التفسيرية المتفق عليها عند أهل السنة والجماعة .وخَلُص البحث إلى أنه من منهج الإباضية الاستدلال في التفسير بالقرآن الكريم استدلالاً خفيّاً كان أو صريحاً ليتوافق مع معتقداتهم الباطلة، وهذا نهج خاطيء لما عليه أهل السنة والجماعة من تفسير القرآن بالقرآن وفق القواعد الصحيحة المعتبرة .الكلمات المفتاحية : نقد، تفسير، القرآن، الإباضية، هيميان الزاد .
Keywords: Coran -- Commentaires -- 19e siècle

الإمام الربيع بن حبيب الأزدي البصري بأقلام مؤرخي إباضية بلاد المغرب - الزرويل, صالح (مجلة البحوث و الدراسات الإنسانية, 2024)
نتناول في الورقة البحثية الإمام المحدث والفقيه أبا عمرو الربيع بن حبيب الأزدي البصري الفراهيدي صاحب كتاب "المسند" من خلال ما كتبه عنه مؤرخو إباضية المغرب في العصر الوسيط، وقد انطلقت فكرة البحث من مشكلة أساسية تمثلت في: كيفية تعامل كُتّاب السير الإباضيين في ذكرهم للشيخ الربيع بن حبيب وفتاواه، وما هي مصادرهم عنه؟، ونصبو من خلال ذلك الوقوف على ما ذكره كُتّاب السير عن جوانب حياة الربيع بن حبيب، وتأثير مسنده على الفقه الإباضي المغربي. تبين لنا من خلال ما كتبه كُتاب السير الإباضيين المغاربة في العصر الوسيط عن الربيع بن حبيب أن المعلومات لديهم عنه شحيحة في كتب السير والطبقات الإباضية المغربية، ومردّ ذلك هو اهتمامهم بتراجم مشايخ المغرب دون أهل الدعوة في المشرق، كما أن فتاواه التي ذكروها في رواياتهم قليلة ومتداولة من مؤرخ لآخر، تخص نفس المسائل وبنصوص متشابهة إلى حد بعيد. ويعود ذلك إلى تداخل نصوص كتابه "المسند" مع غيره إلى زمان أبي يعقوب يوسف الورجلاني الذي قام بترتيبه. In the research paper, we address the updated Imam Abu Amr Al-Rabi`a Ibn Habib Al-Azdi Al-Basri, the author of the book “Al-Musnad” through what historians of Ibadi Maghreb wrote in the Middle Ages? and what are their sources about him?, and through this we aim to stand on what the biographers mentioned about the aspects of the life of Al-Rabi’a Ibn Habib, and the impact of his chain of narration on Maghreb Ibadhi jurisprudence. Through what was written by Maghreb Ibadhi biographers in the Middle Ages on the authority of Rabi’a Ibn Habib, the information they have about him is scarce in the books of the Maghreb biographies and Tabaqats of the Ibadhis. It is circulated from one historian to another, concerning the same issues and with very similar texts. This is due to the overlap of the texts of his book "Al-Musnad" with others to the time of Abu Ya'qub Yusuf Al-Warjalani, who arranged it.
Keywords: Biographies

Cumhuriyet Dönemi İbâzîlik Çalışmalarının İslâm Mezhepleri Tarihi Açısından Değerlendirilmesi - Aydın, Nebiye (Kader, 2024)
Ibāḍīyyah, one of the first Islamic sects, has been studied within the scope of Islamic science departments such as Islamic Theology, Hadith, Tafsīr (Qur‘anic Exegesis) and Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence), especially the History of Islamic Sects, and has been the subject of academic research. Studies on Ibāḍīyyah in Turkey followed a rapid pace, especially in the twentyfirst century. This study provides a bibliography of books, graduate theses, articles and papers produced on Ibāḍīyyah in Islamic sciences, especially in the History of Islamic Sects; and it discusses the historical development of Ibāḍīyyah studies in Turkey.
Keywords: Bibliographie -- Ibadisme; Islamologie -- Turquie

قضية فصل الصحراء الجزائرية في ظل القوانين الاستعمارية: مشروع المنظمة المشتركة - بن فاطمة, حليمة (دورية کان التاريخية: المستقبل الرقمي للدراسات التاريخية, 2024)
Keywords: France -- Colonies

A Review of “Persistent Pastoralism: Monuments and Settlements in the Archaeology of Dhofar” - Mosapour Negari, Fariba (Iranian Journal of Archaeological Studies, 2024)
Keywords: Recension

Intercommunal Relations in the M'Zab During the Pre-Colonial Period: Between Collaboration and Conflict - Mohammedi, Louiza; Nora, Gueliane (Indonesian Journal of Social Science Research, 2024)
This article explores intercommunity relations in the M'Zab region of southern Algeria during the pre-colonial period. Known as a refuge for the Mozabites, Berber ibadites, the region boasted a unique identity with its own institutions and a history of autonomy. The Mozabites coexisted with Jews, ḥamriyas, and various nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes, who were mainly Malikite and Arabic-speaking. Their interactions ranged from economic cooperation to conflict, influenced by circumstances and alliances. The study aims to clarify how the Mozabites engaged with foreigners and lived alongside them before French colonization in 1882. Relying on documentary research into demographic composition, historical roles of different groups, and existing power dynamics, along with local interviews, the paper sheds light on these complex relationships. Understanding these historical interactions is crucial for grasping the current ethnic and doctrinal conflicts in the region, including those in 2015, and highlights the im-portance of historical context in contemporary community relations.
Keywords: Conflits -- Mzab

Implementing Sustainability in Urban Desert Regions Through Solar Orientation, The Islamic Vernacular Architecture of the M'zab Ksour in Particular - Dahmani, Krimo; Aouissi, Khalil Bachir; Chettah, Saif Eddine (Journal of Islamic Architecture, 2024)
This study investigates the role of solar orientation in creating sustainable urban land systems in desert regions, using the Ksour of M'Zab in Algeria as a case study. The Ksour are vernacular Islamic and millenarian cities inhabited for centuries, and their urban design has evolved to respond to extreme climatic conditions, particularly insolation. Through a geometric analysis of the road system, this study demonstrates how the optimal orientation of urban lanes ensures the integration of extreme climatic conditions and creates comfortable streets for pedestrians. The study compares two old Ksour (El Atheuf and Beni Yezguen) with a new Ksar (Tafilalet) and statistically evaluates their solar orientation. The results show that solar orientation is a crucial tool for understanding the sustainability of desert cities. Thus, traditional knowledge and contemporary design practices can be integrated to create sustainable urbanism in arid environments. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on sustainable architecture by providing insights into how traditional knowledge can create resilient cities in challenging environments and promote sustainable development.
Keywords: Développement durable -- Mzab

Sayyid Khalid Bin Barghash, Britain and the throne of Zanzibar - Turki, BenyanSaud (Anaquel de estudios árabes, 2010)
Prince Khalid bin Barghash Al BuSa'idi was an Arabian prince and an offspring of Al-BuSa'idi family who ruled Muscat and Zanzibar. His father, second ruler of Zanzibar, exerted great effort with the British in order to crown his son as his hire, but his effort met with failure. In 1890 Zanzibar was declared a protectorate and the British influence became more dominating in interfering in the internal affairs, as well as in the throne inheritance issue. Supported by Zanzibar people and coastal inhabitants, Prince Khalid led two attempts to seize the throne, the first of which was in 1893, but the British believed that the coronation should serve the higher British interests, and that the inheritance of the throne would be purely a British matter. At the turn of the twentieth century, he defied the might of imperial Britain at the height of its power and succeeded in the second attempt in 1896 in capturing the ruling castle and declared himself as the Sultan of Zanzibar. The British asked him to abdicate, but he refused. Their sword, therefore, took control and finally settled the questions of internal affairs and the throne inheritance. The Anglo-Zanzibar war, and the bombardment of the ruling castle forced the British deposed Sultan to take shelter in the German Consulate. A British candidate was placed on the throne. Sayyid Khalid was transferred to German East Africa and was not allowed with his family members to come back to Zanzibar. He lived a homeless and a miserable life until he gave up his claims. He was, therefore , allowed to live in Mombasa until his death in 1927.

مساهمة أعلام ورجال الفكر من الجنوب الجزائري في إحياء نشاط الصحافة الإصلاحية الشيخ أبو اليقظان الحاج إبراهيم بن عيسى حمدي نموذجا (1888/1973) - بركة, محمد; كريمي, خديجة (مجلة المعارف للبحوث والدراسات التاريخية, 2024)
أنّ الصحافة الجزائرية (الأهالية) في الجنوب كان لها دور ريادي في الحركة الوطنية (1926 -1938) إذ تعدّ أحد السبل التعبير عن معالم الأمة ؛ التي تعرضت إلى الطمس والمسخ في فترة الاحتلال؛ ولعل من بين هذه الشخصيات نذكر الشيخ العلامة إبراهيم أبي اليقظان، إذ يعد هذا الأخير من بين أهم الأعلام البارزة في تاريخ الجزائر المعاصر . وشخصيتهِ الإصلاحية لعبت دورا بارزا في سبيل نصرة القضية الوطنية، و يُعدّ من أبرز ممن واجهوا السياسة الفرنسية،حيث عمد على ترسيخ الإصلاح في العمل الصحفي بالتعبير عن هموم الأمة الجزائرية والإفصاح عن اهتمـــــــــاماتها. ونشـــــــــــر الشيخ أبو اليقظان مقالات وبحوث في جرائد ومجلات عــربية سواء في الجزائر أو تونس؛ نذكر على سبيل المثال: الفاروق، الإقدام، الشهاب،الزهراء ، النديم . وحاول من خلالها نشر الوعي بين سكان الجزائر عموما ووادي مزاب على وجه الخصوص .والغرض من هذه الدراسة هو الوقوف على مآثر الشخصيات التي أسهمت في المجال الصحـفي في الفترة المهمة من تاريخ الحركة الوطنية (1926 -1938) والتي كانت أحد السبل لإعادة الأمل في نفوس، فكانت صحف الشيخ أبي اليقظان مجالا مفتوحا أمام نشاط مجموعة المثقفين الجزائريين الذين كان يُرتقب من خلال إسهاماتهم في الرفع من إدراك والإمساك بزمام القضية الوطنية. The Algerian press (Al-Ahali) in the south had a leading role in the national movement (1926-1938), as it is one of the ways to express the features of the nation, which was obliterated and deformed during the period of occupation, and perhaps among these personalities we mention Sheikh Ibrahim Abi Al-Yakdhan, as the latter is among the most important prominent figures in the history of contemporary Algeria. His reformist personality played a prominent role in supporting the national cause, and he is considered one of the most prominent of those who faced French politics, as he consolidated reform in journalistic work by expressing the concerns of the Algerian nation and disclosing its interests. Sheikh Abu al-Yaqkdhan published articles and research papers in Arab newspapers and m l-Iqddam, Al-Shihab, Al-Zahra Al-Farouk, A and Al-Nadim. Through it, he tried to spread awareness among the inhabitants of Algeria in general and the M'zab Valley in particular. The purpose of this study is to stand on the exploits of personalities who contributed to the field of journalism in the important period of the history of the national movement (1926-1938), which was one of the ways to restore hope in the souls, the newspapers of Sheikh Abi Al-Yakdhan agazine
Keywords: Abū ‘l-Yaqẓān, Ibrāhim (1888-1973); Journalisme -- Mzab

الشيخ المربي حمود بن حميد الصوافي ومنهج التربية القرآنية دراسة وصفية تحليلية - الهنائي, عبد الله بن سالم; الخروصي, أحمد بن سالم (مجلة مجمع, 2024)
ملخص البحث: تظهر أهمية البحث في كونه كاشفا لمنهج تربوي معاصر اعتنى بتخريج جيل قرآني يحمل هداية القرآن في واقعنا المعاصر، مع التفاتة أصيلة لمعطيات العصر وتحولاته المختلفة، إضافة إلى رصد جملة من المواقف الحية التي عاشها كاتبا البحث مع الشخصية التي يدور حولها البحث وهي شخصية الشيخ حمود بن حميد الصوافي -حفظه الله تعالى- أحد الأعلام الأغيار في العالم العربي والإسلامي، وتسعى الصفحات البحثية للإجابة عن جملة أسئلة -وهي تجلي مشكلة البحث وتبرزها سعيا لمعالجتها- منها: من هو الشيخ الصوافي؟ وما المنهج الذي سلكه في التعامل مع القرآن وعلومه؟ وكيف كون الشيخ حمود بن حميد الصوافي منهجا أخذ جواهره من معالم التربية القرآنية الإيمانية ليكون مسلكا حصيفا لكل مرب ينشد التكامل في تربية الجيل الحاضر؟ ويهدف هذا البحث إلى جملة مقاصد، أهمها: التعريف بالشيخ حمود بن حميد الصوافي بصورة موجزة، مع إبراز كيفية التعامل مع القرآن وعلومه وبيان جملة من المواقف الحية والتطبيقات العلمية الدالة على تكوين جيل قرآني وقد سلك البحث منهجين: أولهما تاريخي وثانيهما وصفي تحليلي، وقد خلص البحث إلى نتائج أبرزها:  ما ظهر من أثر بالغ للقرآن الكريم اختلط بلحم الشيخ وعظمه منذ نع
Keywords: Biographies -- Oman

New Materials on Ibāḍism in Iraq and Arabia at the Second and Third Centuries of Islam. Review of Al Salimi & Madelung, Ibāḍī Texts from the 2nd/8th Century (Leiden: Brill, 2018); Al Salimi, Ibadi Texts in Oman from the 3rd/9th Century (Leiden: Brill, 2021) - Baptiste, Enki (Al-ʿuṣūr al-wusṭa, The Bulletin of Middle East Medievalists, 2024)
Keywords: Recension

الصلات والعلاقات الفكرية الاباضية بين إقليم فزان وجبل نفوسة (من القرن الثاني حتى القرن الرابع الهجري) (ق8 – ق10م) - الشريف, شريفة عبدالرزاق محمد (مجلة البحوث التاريخية, 2024)
ملخص: إن انتشار الفكر الاباضي مبكرًا في أجزاء متفرقة من ليبيا كان له أثر كبير في ربط الصلات فيما بينها، وهذه الدراسة تتناول عرضًا بطابع تاريخي تحليلي حول الصلات الفكرية بين(اباضية فزان جنوبًا واباضية جبل نفوسة في الشمال الغربي) منذ القرن الثاني حتى القرن الرابع الهجري، إذ ساد المذهب في تلك الأنحاء وشهدت القرون الأولى من التاريخ الإسلامي لتلك المواطن كثيراً من الأحداث والمظاهر التي عكست عمق الصلة الفكرية وابعادها المصيرية بين اباضية الإقليمين كإرسال الدعاة وتبادل المؤلفات والفتيا والمراسلات وعقد الحلقات وإقامة الإمامات، وتكمن الإشكالية في معرفة طبيعة الصلات الفكرية بين اباضية فزان وجبل نفوسة وأهدافها؟ والعوامل التي وطدتها؟ وهل تأسست إمامات اباضية فيه؟ وهذا ما ستجيب عنه الدراسة التي توصلت إلى عدة نتائج منها أن المذهب الاباضي كان له دور في توثيق الصلات بين مناطق ليبيا كجبل نفوسة وفزان، وأن اباضية فزان اقاموا إمامات (كتمان ودفاع )عندما استدعت الضرورة لإقامتها على نهج الفكر الاباضي بمباركة من أئمة جبل نفوسة الذين سبقوهم بإقامة تلك الإمامات بالجبل. Abstract: The early spread of Ibadi thought in various parts of Libya had a major impact in linking the links between them. This study deals with the historical and analytical nature about the intellectual links between (Ibadism in Fezzan in the south and Ibadi in Jabal Nafusa in the northwest) from the second century until the fourth century AH, as The doctrine prevailed in those areas, and the first centuries of the Islamic history of that country witnessed many events and manifestations that reflected the depth of the intellectual connection and its fateful dimensions between the Ibadis of the two regions, such as sending preachers, exchanging writings, fatwas, correspondence, holding circles, and establishing imams, and this is what the study will answer, which reached several results, including that: The Ibadi sect played a role in strengthening ties between regions of Libya, such as Jabal Nafusa and Fezzan. The Ibadis of Fezzan established imams (concealment and defense) when necessary to establish them according to the approach of Ibadi thought, with the blessing of the imams of Mount Nafusa who preceded them in establishing those imams in the mountain.
Keywords: Relations -- Djebel Nefousa -- Fezzan

التجربتين العمانية والماليزية في إدارة الوثائق والمحفوظات: دراسة مقارنة - AlRashdi, Sulaiman Saleh Said; Lubis, Asmuliadi; Mansor, Fadillah (Online Journal of Islamic Management and Finance, 2024)
This article aims to provide a forward-looking vision by comparing the Omani and Malaysian experiences in records management and archives, and highlighting the common aspects between them despite the time difference in their establishment. The problem of the study can be formulated in the following question: What are the similarities and differences between the Omani and Malaysian experiences in records management and archives? The study seeks to highlight the importance of investing in the similarities between the two experiences in order to serve workers and specialists in the field in particular, and the field of records and archive management in general. The study relies on the survey methodology by examining the two experiences and describing each experience through several points represented in origin, international standards, and electronic management of records, regional branches, and attention to oral history, private documents, conferences and exhibitions. The study community consists of the authority responsible for supervising this field in both countries, as the National Records and Archives Authority represents the authority responsible for supervising the system in the Sultanate of Oman and the Malaysian National Archives in the Federal Kingdom of Malaysia. Among the most prominent findings of the article: There is a great similarity between the two experiences in many aspects, despite the old Malaysian experience in the management of records and archives.
Keywords: Archives -- Oman

André Ravéreau, progetti in Africa Subsahariana. Trasposizioni e sintesi tra nord e sud del Sahara - Ruggeri, Daniela (FAMagazine. Ricerche e progetti sull'architettura e la città, 2024)
L’articolo esplora i progetti subsahariani dell’architetto André Ravéreau (Limoges 1919-Aubenas 2017), che costituiscono una delle molte declinazioni del Movimento Moderno in Africa. Allievo di Auguste Perret, Ravéreau fu influenzato anche da Le Corbusier, tanto da ripercorrere le sue tracce compiendo un viaggio per studiare l’architettura sahariana della Valle del M’Zab, resa nota all’occidente dai carnets de voyage di Le Corbu del 1931-33. Negli anni Sessanta Ravéreau si trasferisce in Algeria, dove lavora per circa vent’anni, ricoprendo cariche importanti, dal 1965 al 1973 è Architecte en chef des monuments historiques d’Algérie. A partire dagli anni Settanta il lavoro lo porterà a spingersi in Africa Subsahariana, dove riceve commesse per edifici scolastici e sanitari in Mali, Mauritania e Burkina Faso; partecipa al concorso per il progetto dell’Ambasciata francese in Uganda. Nella scoperta di questa “nuova Africa”, Ravéreau porta con sé l’esperienza appresa nel M’Zab, che trasferisce nei suoi progetti subsahariani, approdando a nuove soluzioni “tropicali” sempre fortemente contestualizzate. , The paper investigates the Sub-Saharan works of architect André Ravéreau (Limoges 1919-Aubenas 2017), as interpretations of the Modern Movement in Africa. A student of Auguste Perret, Ravéreau was strongly influenced by Le Corbusier, so much so that he followed in his footsteps by making a journey to study the Saharan architecture of the M'Zab Valley, made known to the West thanks to Le Corbusier's 1931-33 Carnets de voyge. In the 1960s Ravéreau moved to Algeria, where he worked for about twenty years, holding important positions, from 1965 to 1973 he was Architecte en chef des monuments historiques d'Algérie. From the 1970s onwards, his work took him beyond the Algerian desert, to Sub-Saharan Africa, where he received commissions for school and health buildings in Mali, Mauritania and Burkina Faso; he then took part in the competition for the French Embassy project in Ouganda. In his discovery of this “new Africa”, Ravéreau brings with him the experience learned in the M'Zab, which he transfers into his sub-Saharan projects, arriving at new "tropical" solutions always strongly contextualized.
Keywords: Architecture -- Mzab

The Dhofar Revolution: An Archival Analysis of the Conflict (1965-1976) - Albedwawi, Saif (Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 2024)
Britain's military presence in the Middle East underwent a significant transformation by the 1960s, characterized by contractions to establish smaller bases in Aden and the Gulf; however, the British military marked a significant change in contrast to its former stronghold at the Suez base. These bases protected vital oil interests and fulfilled Britain's obligations to local rulers. However, political developments within the Gulf and the Arabian Peninsula increasingly challenged Britain's strategic position. These evolving dynamics necessitated a re-evaluation of both diplomatic and military strategies leading to the most far-reaching anti-British revolution, the Dhofar Revolution in Oman.   The scholarly discourses concerning the end of the revolution have highlighted the reintegration of the Dhofar society that was actively engaged in the revolutionary struggles of broader Omni society. Nevertheless, the mechanisms employed for their success/failures have not been covered in the existing literature. Consequently, this paper aims to fill this existing gap in the literature by contextually analysing the present literature and archival documents on the Dhofar war. For this purpose, the authors extensively utilized archival documents available within the Arabian Gulf Digital Archive (AGDA) in Abu Dhabi. Moreover, the Dhofari rebel literature derived from The Gulf Bulletin fervently promoted the communist revolutionary ideology. On the other hand, the Omani government's viewpoint was extensively disseminated through its military propaganda branch, aiming to counter the rebels' influence. This paper posits that, despite the strong support from the Communist bloc, the Dhofari Revolution ultimately failed because the rebels made hastened attempts to replace the region's traditional cultural values and Islamic beliefs with their novel ideological vision. This alienated the Dhofari population, causing the rebels to lose the support of the people they aspired to lead.
Keywords: Dhofar; Vie politique -- Oman -- 1932-1970; Vie politique -- Oman -- 1970-2020

الفعالية التنظيمية في المؤسسة الوقفية دراسة مونوغرافية حالة مؤسسة الغفران الخيرية، ولاية غرداية، الجزائر - إباض, بهون علي (مجلة الباحث في العلوم الإنسانية والإجتماعية, 2024)
ملخص: تسعى هذه الدراسة إلى الوقوف على ظاهرة الفعالية التنظيمية في المؤسسات الخيرية والوقفية، حيث طرح الباحث إشكالية عامة وهي متى تأسست مؤسسة الغفران الخيرية؟ وما دوافع ذلك؟، وكيف يتم تجسيد معايير الفعالية التنظيمية في أرض الواقع من وجهة نظر القائمين عليها؟، فقد كانت الدراسة وصفية وفق منهج الدراسة المونوغرافية حيث تناول الباحث مفردة واحدة لسبر أغوارها واستيعاب خصائصها، معتمدا على أداتي الملاحظة بالمشاركة وكذا عقد جلسات مقابلة مع المسؤولين والمتطوعين داخل المؤسسة الخيرية لفترة زمنية ما يقارب 3 أشهر، كما سمحت للباحث الفرصة بالاطلاع على أهم الوثائق التنظيمية والتي ساعدته في فهم روح التنظيم داخل هذه المؤسسة التي بلغت من العمر 31 سنة، فكانت خلاصة الدراسة أنّ للمؤسسة الوقفية دور مهم في المجتمع فهي إحدى أهمّ المؤسسات الاجتماعية التي لها دور فعّال وتأثير مباشر على قناعات الناس وأفكارهم وبخاصة إذا كانت تقدّم خدمات جليلة تتمثّل فيما يـمس الحاجات الأساسية لكل إنسان، مع ضرورة تكثيف البحوث والدراسات الميدانية على هذا النوع من المؤسسات لتحقيق هدفين اثنين، هما اكتشاف تجارب وخبرات لا تقل عن مثيلاتها في المؤسسات الاقتصادية الأخرى، أمّا الأمر الثاني هو تعزيز جهود المتطوّعين والقائمين على مثل هذه المؤسسات وكذا تنبيههم إلى بعض جوانب النقص التي تعتري أي عمل بشري. Abstract This study aims to explore the organizational effectiveness phenomenon within charitable and endowment institutions. The researcher posed a general problematic which was: When was Al-Ghufran Charitable Foundation established, and what were the motivations behind its establishment? The study also aimed to understand how the criteria for organizational effectiveness are manifested in reality from the perspective of those in charge. The study adopted a descriptive approach following a monographic research method, focusing on a single entity to thoroughly examine its characteristics. Data collection methods included participatory observation and conducting interview sessions with officials and volunteers within the charitable institution over a period of approximately three months. Additionally, the study had the opportunity to review key organizational documents, which helped the researcher gain insights into the spirit of organization within this 31-year-old institution. The study's conclusion emphasized the vital role of endowment institutions in society. They are among the most influential social organizations, with a significant impact on people's beliefs and thoughts, particularly when they provide essential services addressing fundamental human needs. The study underscored the importance of intensifying research and field studies on such institutions to achieve two main goals: first, discovering experiences and expertise no less valuable than those in other economic institutions, and second, enhancing the efforts of volunteers and those responsible for such institutions while drawing attention to certain shortcomings that may affect any human endeavor
Keywords: Waqf (fondations) -- Mzab

The Comorian Presence in Precolonial and Early Colonial Congo (19th Century-1908) - Luffin, Xavier (Bulletin des séances / Académie Royal des Sciences d'Outre-Mer, 2017)
The historical sources related to the Muslim presence in Congo in the late 19th century and the early 20th century usually mention Arabs and Swahilis, though many other ethnic communities were involved: Omani and Yemeni Arabs, Baluchis, Indians, Banyamwezi, Batetela, Basonge, Bakusu, Comorians, etc. The goal of this paper is to depict one of these ethnic groups, the Comorians, so as to identify the reasons for their presence in Congo, but also to explore their social position inside the Muslim community in Congo and the surrounding countries, given the fact that they had various professions: soldiers, scribes, chiefs, religious leaders, etc.

المُهمّشون في الموروث الإباضي النوازلي: كتاب مسائل نفوسة الجبل للإمام عبد الوهاب بن عبد الرحمن بن رستم (171-208ه/787-823م) أنموذجاً.The marginalized in the Ibadi Nawazli heritage: The book “Masa’il Nafusa al-Jabal” by Imam Abd al-Wahhab ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Rustum (171-208 AH/787-823 AD) as a model - حسين, نصر الدين; حسبلاوي, نسيم (المجلة التاريخية الجزائرية, 2024)
كتب النوازل الفقهية من أهمّ المصادر في الكتابة التاريخية، لما تختزنه من معلومات عن شرائح المجتمع المختلفة، فهي تحوي معلومات قيّمة عن الفئات المهمّشة كالفقراء؛ واللّصوص؛ والعبيد؛ وغيرها من الفئات التي طالها التّهميش، ولعلّ من أهم كتب النوازل التي ساهمت في إزالة الستار عن بعض هذه الشرائح في المجتمع الإباضي كتاب: "مسائل نفوسة الجبل"، للإمام عبد الوهاب بن عبد الرّحمن بن رستم، وانطلاقا من هذا الطّرح سنحاول في هذه الدّراسة معرفة أهمّ الفئات المُهمّشة التي تعرضت لها مسائل الكتاب والأوضاع التي كانت تعيشها دون تحميل النّص الفقهي ما يخرجه عن نطاق الدّراسة. Jurisprudential novels are among the most important sources of historical writing, as they contain information about different segments of society. They contain valuable information about marginalized groups such as the poor. And thieves; and slaves; And other groups that have been marginalized.Perhaps one of the most important books on disasters that helped to lift the curtain on some of these segments of Ibadi society is the book: "Questions of the Naffousa of the Mountain," by Imam Abd al-. Wahhab bin Abd al-Rahman bin Rustam. On the basis of this proposal, we will try in this study to discover the most important marginalized groups who were exposed to the issues of the book and the conditions in which they lived without weighing down the jurisprudential text. which takes him out of the field of study.
Keywords: Fiqh -- Libye -- 9e siècle

جوانب من التاريخ الاجتماعي والثقافي الإباضي من خلال كتاب" المعلقات في أخبار وروايات أهل الدعوة" لمؤلف مجهول (ق6هـ/12م) - حمامد, محمد (الساورة للدراسات الانسانية والاجتماعية, 2024)
تعالج هذه الورقة البحثية الأوضاع الاجتماعية و الثقافية الإباضية من خلال كتاب" المعلقات في أخبار وروايات أهل الدعوة" لمؤلف مجهول (القرن السادس الهجري /الثاني عشر الميلادي)، بالوقوف على العادات والتقاليد والمنجزات العلمية الإباضية. عبر إشكالية تبحث في مظاهر الحياة الاجتماعية والثقافية ومميزاتها العامة. Abstract: This research paper addresses the Ibadi social and cultural conditions through the book “Al-Mu’allaqat fi Akhbar and Narrations of the People of the Call” by an unknown author (6 AH/12 AD) by identifying customs, traditions, and scientific achievements through a problem that examines the aspects of social and cultural life and its general characteristics
Keywords: Prosopographie -- Djerba; Vie sociale -- Djerba

Multifunctional Markers in a Contact Situation - Schiattarella, Valentina; Serreli, Valentina (Journal of Language Contact, 2024)
Abstract This paper presents a synchronic analysis of two items – bass and ġayr – in Siwi Berber and Arabic L2 spoken in the Siwa Oasis (Egypt). Despite their different etymologies, both items have followed a similar grammaticalization path, going from focus particles to contrastive conjunctions and, in turn, to discourse markers. These three functions are attested in the synchronic stage of both languages under study as well as in other Berber and Arabic varieties. After a general overview of the distribution and functions of bass and ġayr in Arabic and Berber languages, data on Siwi and Arabic L2 are discussed in a comparative fashion. This study shows that the use of bass and ġayr in the two languages largely overlaps, confirms the layered influence of Arabic on Siwi on a diachronic level, and demonstrates the increasing presence of Egyptian Arabic and its dominance over other Arabic varieties in the present day.
Keywords: Linguistique -- Siwa

إعادة إنتاج المرجعية الدينية في الجزائر، حالة نظام العزابة نموذجا - فرصوص, رستم; بوسعادة, رشيد (مجلة التنمية وإدارة الموارد البشرية, 2024)
يمثل نظام العزابة في وادي مزاب بنية اجتماعية، تتمتع بالشرعية التاريخية وتحمل صفة الإجماع، وسنحاول في هذه الورقة البحثية الكشف عن البنية الفكرية والاجتماعية لهذا النظام، وكيف تمكن من التحول من حلقة تعليمية تربوية إلى نظام اجتماعي؛ يؤسس لمرجعية دينية ويساهم في إعادة إنتاجها. ابتدأت خطتنا المنهجية بتوضيح مفهوم إعادة الإنتاج في التراث السوسيولوجي، وتعريف مفهوم المرجعية الدينية في اللغة والاصطلاح، ثم تطرقنا إلى تتبع الظروف التأسيسية لحلقة العزابة والملامح السوسيو -فكرية لنظام العزابة؛ من حيث النشأة والتطور وشروط الانخراط والمهام والهيئات المنضوية تحته، ثم تطرقنا إلى المرتكزات الفكرية والاجتماعية لهذا النظام، وكيف ساهمت في إعادة إنتاج المرجعية الدينية في وادي مزاب، وبيان الآليات المساعدة على ذلك، انتهاء بالتحديات الاجتماعية التي تواجه نظام العزابة، من حيث كونها مؤشرات أزمة مرجعية، أم نموذجا اجتماعيا في طور التحول. The Azzaba system in the M’zab Valley represents a social structure that enjoys historical legitimacy and bearing the character of consensus. In this paper we're trying to uncover the intellectual and social structure of this system and how it could be changed from an educational cycle to a social system in order to establish a religious authority that contributes to its reproduction. Our methodological plan began with the clarification of the concept of reproduction in the sociological heritage, and the definition of the concept of religious authority in language and terminology. Then, we dealt with the founding circumstances of the episode of Azzaba and the socio-intellectual features of it, in terms of originality, progress, engagement rules, tasks and organizations that are included under its cover. After that, we talked about the intellectual and social pillars for this system and how it contributed to the reproduction of the religious authority in the Mzab Valley, stating the mechanisms helping to do that. Ending with the social challenges that the Azzaba system faces, in terms of being crisis indicators, or a social model in transition.
Keywords: Vie religieuse -- Mzab

A lexicostatistical survey of northern Berber languages - Gravina, Richard (Brill's Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics, 2024)
Abstract The Berber languages of North Africa comprise a collection of speech varieties where differences can be found as one moves across a Berber-speaking region, or from oasis to oasis. The varieties have a complex history, with multiple layers of contact, both with non-Berber languages and between Berber languages. These two factors make it difficult to categorise the relationships between Berber varieties, or to use the comparative method to provide a neat history of genetic developments. This paper uses lexicostatistical methods on a large dataset to provide a fine-grained picture of the synchronic relationships between Berber varieties, and thus to contribute to a broader understanding of the history and development of Berber.
Keywords: Linguistique

Prehistoric cemetery in al-Šuwayʿi (الشويعی ), Sultanate of Oman – a find note - Yule, Paul A.; Wilkening, Annika; Ayash, Nasser Bovoleti (Propylaeum, 2024)
Keywords: Archéologie -- Oman

إمامة عبدالرحمن بن رستم للدولية الرستمية:, تحقيق في تاريخي البيعة والوفاة - بوشامة, أحمد (مجلة عصور, 2024)
Keywords: Dynastie rustumide

Citizen Participation in Traditional Algerian Societies: The Cases of New Ksour of Mzab and the Village of Ait El Kaid - Timhadjelt, Sabiha; Gueliane, Nora (International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science, 2024)
The concept of citizen participation emerged towards the end of the twentieth century as part of the new democratic paradigms of the Western countries of America and Europe.  However, citizen participation is an ancient principle that has guided the political, economic and social management systems of many ancient indigenous social groups. The aim of this paper is to examine the concept of citizen participation and the mechanisms implemented in the management of the environment and daily life in traditional Algerian societies, through the study of two cases: the experience of the new ksour in the M'Zab in Ghardaïa, and the project to classify the village of Ait El Kaid as a protected sector in Tizi Ouzou. The results of this study reveal the particularities of the participatory processes in each case, such as tajmaat in the Kabyle villages and twiza in the process of building the new ksour, while highlighting the similarities and differences specific to each.
Keywords: Urbanisme -- Mzab