Connectivités djerbiennes : globalisations méditerranéennes des Juifs de Djerba - Albera, Dionigi; Morvan, Yoann (Journal des anthropologues, 2022)
Le workshop international « Connectivités djerbiennes : Globalisations méditerranéennes des Juifs de Djerba » que nous avons co-organisé, initialement prévu en mars 2020 à l'IMéRA à Marseille, s'est finalement tenu en présentiel les 27 et 28 juin 2022. Son objectif était d'inaugurer une recherche collective et pluridisciplinaire menée dans le cadre d'un programme financé par l'A*Midex (Aix-Marseille univ.) en partenariat avec le Centre de recherche français à Jérusalem (CRFJ) et l'Institut de recherche sur le Maghreb contemporain (IRMC) à Tunis. Les difficultés d'organisation d'événements internationaux durant la pandémie COVID-19 ont conduit à reporter cet atelier au terme de ce programme, même si un certain nombre d'événements intermédiaires 3 ont permis de jalonner la mise en dialogue des différentes recherches effectuées par les membres du groupe. Celui-ci se compose d'universitaires français, israéliens et tunisiens, en mesure d'appréhender la diaspora des Juifs de Djerba dans ses points d'ancrages principaux, qui établissent entre eux diverses connectivités, et dessinent de façon originale une globalisation méditerranéenne nourrie d'échanges sud-sud.
Keywords: Judaïsme – Djerba

Reading Ancient Folk Literature the Omani Story of “Abu Qahifa” Is an Example - Siddig, Omar Ahmed; Siddig, Babikir Eltigani; Elmahi, Abdallah (Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 2024)
The research deals with a popular tale from the ancient Omani heritage. In our research, we tried to learn about the Omani heritage and the distinct Omani culture, especially its literary heritage. We dealt with the story with literary criticism and analysis, and we focused on the characters of the story, the method of narration, the language, the presentation, the quality of the wording, the artistic plot, the fertile imagination, and the idea that derived its roots from the Omani culture and imagination. In our research, we followed the descriptive and analytical approach that is consistent with the subject of the folk tale.
Keywords: Littérature – Oman

Description et histoire de l'ile de Djerba (Journal asiatique, 1886)
Keywords: Recension

Lettre de M. Basset au rédacteur du Journal asiatique - Basset, René (Journal asiatique, 1885)
Keywords: Atfiyyash; Muhammad b. Yusuf (1821-1914); Judaïsme – Mzab; Linguistique – Mzab

Assisting Our Brothers, Defending Ourselves: The Iranian Intervention in Oman, 1972–75 - Goode, James F. (Iranian Studies, 2014)
The Iranian military intervention in Oman (1972–75) proved to be one of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's most successful foreign policy initiatives. He entered at the request of Sultan Qabus to help quell the Marxist rebellion of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman in Dhufar province. The shah took this action without any prior consultation with either Britain or the United States, acting for reasons wholly related to Iran's regional security. In so doing, he angered most of his Arab neighbors, who protested vigorously. He persisted. His troops tipped the balance in favor of the sultan's forces, contributing to a speedy end to the insurrection, for which Iran earned the lasting gratitude of the sultan.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Iran

An Explorative Study: The History Of Slavery In The Sultanate Of Oman - Kasbi, Yousef al-; Chellathurai, Godwin John (Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 2024)
The social changes that have occurred in the lives of slaves in Oman, a cultural study particularly about the conceptual situation and its impact on the social status of slaves, which continued even after the complete prohibition of the slave trade and the adoption of the Basic Law, present a problem for this research on slavery in Oman. The aim of this research is to shed light on the history of slaves as a practice and its impact on humanity and on the Omani society. The problem of research is the social transformation of slaves, especially after the prohibition of this slave trade, but it is practiced in a different sense until the present in certain places. The historical and descriptive analytical approach was followed in this study to reach the results. The Omani view of slaves after the liberation processes, both in the heart of Islam and after the international conventions that approved the principle of equality, the prohibition contributed to the formation of classes that had the role and the supreme illusion of the Renaissance of Oman that the Arab view of slaves, especially African, was undesirable, thus leading to conflicts in society to this day.
Keywords: Esclavage – Oman

Amity, Commerce, and Compromise: Americans, Indians, and the Evolution of Trade on Zanzibar and across the Western Indian Ocean, 1825–1861 - Morrison, Joshua S. C. (Journal of World History, 2024)
During the early nineteenth century, the Omani outpost of Zanzibar emerged as a leading marketplace in the Western Indian Ocean. The island's economic expansion depended heavily on a community of well-connected Indian merchants. The port's rising fortunes also attracted traders from farther afield. By 1826, American merchants had reached the island. Although Americans had decades of experience in the region, they struggled to turn a profit on Zanzibar. Over time, American traders realized that commercial success depended on a strong relationship with the island's Indian community. By the 1840s, the American consul, Richard Waters, and Zanzibar's custom master, Jairam Shivji, had formed a lucrative arrangement exchanging commodities. Waters, Shivji, and their peers developed a commercial framework that melded key precepts of Indian Ocean trade with their Atlantic equivalents. Aided by bilingual commodity contracts, trade between the United States and Zanzibar flourished. In time, the island served as a crucial springboard for American ventures to India. With the help of Parsi firms, Waters and his successors incorporated Bombay into their trade routes. In turn, the city's economic expansion reshaped trade in East Africa. By the American Civil War, commercial intelligence and British credit from Bombay contributed to Americans' success on Zanzibar.
Keywords: Zanzibar – Commerce – 19e siècle

تاريخ وحضارة مدينة سدراتة الأثرية بالجنوب الشرقي الجزائري – نموذج للمدينة الإسلامية- - بن صغير حضري, يمينة (مجلة الواحات للبحوث والدراسات, 2024)
يزخر المغرب الإسلامي بنماذج لمدن كان لها دور تاريخي وحضاري، اختلفت أسباب وجودها وعوامل تطورها كالقيروان، وبجاية، وتلمسان، ومراكش، وفاس ....وغيرها، وتعد مدينة سدراتة بالجنوب الشرقي الجزائري نموذجا للمدن الإسلامية التي اختلفت عن النمط المعماري الصحراوي المعروف بالقصور، فجاءت كجوهرة في وسط الرمال، إذ اعتبرت العاصمة الإباضية الثانية بعد سقوط الدولة الرستمية 296ه /909 م بتيهرت، فبعد عطاء دام أكثر من ثلاثة قرون خربت هده المدينة على يد ابن غانية الميورقي سنة 426 / 1236، فهجرها السكان وغطتها الرمال بمرور الزمن، وقد لفتت هذه المدينة أنظار الباحثين الغربيين أثناء الاستعمار الفرنسي فأجريت بها العديد من الحفريات الأثرية على يد كل من الباحث لارجو ، وهارولد تاردي ، وبول بلانشي، وفوشي ، و أخرها حفرية مارغريت فان برشم ، والتي كان من نتائجها العثور على بعض معالم المدينة، والعديد من البقايا الأثرية المتنوعة خاصة القطع الجصية المزخرفة، التي نقل العديد منها إلى متاحف فرنسا، كما وضع جزء منها بالمتحف الوطني للفنون الإسلامية بالجزائر العاصمة، وبالرغم من محاولة بعض الباحثين الجزائريين في السنوات الأخيرة لإجراء بعض الحفريات والبحوث أكاديمية إلا أن أكثرها لم ينشر، والمدينة اليوم تغطيها الرمال كليا، لا يعرفها الجزائريون إلا من خلال المؤرخين. The Islamic Maghreb is full of exemplary of cities that had a historical and cultural role. The reason for their existence and the factors of their development are different, such as Kairaoiane, Bejaia, Tlemcen, Marrakech, Fes … The city of Sedrata in the south east of Algeria is considered as a model of the Islamic cities which differ from the desert architectural style known as Kesour(palaces). It appears as a diamond in the middle of sand. Sedrata was considered the second Ibadi capital after the fall of the state of Rustamid 296 / 909, in Tiaret. After more than three centuries, Sedrata was destroyed by Ibn Ghania Elmaiorgy in 296 / 909. Tts inhabitants abandoned it then it was covered by sand over time. During the French colonialism, Sedrata attracted the attention of Western researchers; many archaeological excavations were conducted by Largeau, Arold Tardy, Paul Blanchet, Faucher and Margierte. The last of which was conducted by Van Berchem who managed to discover some landmarks of the city, many various archaeological remains, especially decorative plaster pieces, many of which were transferred to museums of France. A part of these archaeological was also placed in the national museum of Muslim Art in Algiers- Algeria. Although some Algerian researchers have tried recently to conduct some excavations and carry out some academic research, but most of them havn’t been published. Today, the city is completely covered in sand and the Algerians only know it through Historians.
Keywords: Archéologie – Sedrata

Chronique d'Abou Zakaria, publiée pour la première fois, traduite et commentée par Émile Masqueray, élève de l'École normale supérieure, professeur agrégé d'histoire. Paris, Delagrave, 1879. 1 vol. in-8°, LXXIX et 410 pages - B. M. (Journal asiatique, 1880)
Keywords: Recension

La khuṭba d’Abū Ḥamza al-Shārī : soulèvement ibāḍite et rhétorique de la contestation en péninsule Arabique au second siècle de l’Islam. Traduction commentée d’une version inédite du sermon - Baptiste, Enki (Al-ʿuṣūr al-wusṭa, The Bulletin of Middle East Medievalists, 2024)
Cet article est une enquête sur la célèbre khuṭba attribuée à Abū Ḥamza al-Shārī. Ce dernier fut chef de guerre ibāḍite pour le compte de ʿAbd Allāh b. Yaḥyā. Il occupa La Mecque et Médine au milieu du iie/viiie siècle à l’issue d’une révolte d’inspiration ibāḍite qui avait démarré dans les zones reculées du Ḥaḍramawt. La khuṭba est bien connue depuis des décennies dans la mesure où des fragments du prêche ont été disséminés dans différentes sources sunnites et shīʿites. Néanmoins, peu de travaux ont, jusqu’à présent, cherché à comprendre le sermon dans son contexte plus large. De même, nous ne disposons d’aucune traduction complète. Cet article se divise en deux parties. La première est consacrée à l’histoire de l’ibāḍisme dans la péninsule Arabique au cours du iie/viiie siècle. Nous proposons des hypothèses explicatives quant aux multiples raisons ayant poussé ʿAbd Allāh b. Yaḥyā à entrer en rébellion contre les Umayyades. Nous offrons également des éléments de commentaire sur la khuṭba, en vue de faciliter sa lecture. La deuxième partie contient la traduction française de la version la plus longue du sermon dont nous disposons et qui se trouve dans une source ibāḍite méconnue composée à Oman au xviiiie siècle
Keywords: Abū Ḥamza al-Mukhtār b. ʿAwf; Kindi; ʿAbd Allāh b. Yaḥyā al-; Révoltes – Histoire

The conflict between tradition and feminism in Oman (Case study: Al-Tawaf Haith Al-Jamar) - Amin Moghaddasi, Abolhasan; Afzali, Ali; Bigdeli, Narges (Woman in Development & Politics, 2024)
Introduction:The starting point of female criticism coincides with liberation from the linear stereotypes of men's literary history. Feminist literary criticism does not mean to eliminate the differences in the way of writing between women and men, and in this type of criticism, gender differences do not become meaningless, but the purpose of this criticism is to understand women's writing in order to reach a broader perspective of women's reality. In the 19th century, novel writing was considered a purely masculine practice, and mentioning a female novelist caused suspicion, shame, surprise, and misogyny towards the author. The intellectual endeavors of women in less than two hundred years, has opened up new perspectives on human knowledge and raised many important questions. But the astonishing variety and conflict of ideas themselves has become a barrier to understanding how and why they are. Feminist critique examines the role of women in the two axes of the creator of the work (the woman as the writer) and the created personality (the face presented by the woman in the works of the authors). The experience of writing a novel is considered one of the modern literary experiences in the Sultanate of Oman, and its history does not exceed a few decades. The Al-Tawaf Haith Al-Jamar is considered the first women's novel in Oman and its protagonist in life is a kind of victim of patriarchy. The first appearance of women in the field of Omani novel writing took place in 1999 with the novel Al-Tawaf Hayat al-Jamar by Badria Al-Shihhi. Methodology:In this study, the authors try to use the feminist approach and descriptive analytical method to examine the characters of the story and put their actions according to the characteristics of each of the stages of imitation, protest and self-discovery in the classification of feminist criticism and the evolution Identify and analyze them in each of these stages and seek to find answers to these questions: What are the most obvious feminist components in Al-Tawaf Haith Al-Jamar’s novel? Results:Omani novelist Badria Al Shهhhi, in her novel “Al-Tawaf Hayat al-Jamar,” shed light on an important historical stage in the history of her country, which was characterized by the Omani presence in Zanzibar, Africa, and how rebellious movements were raging in several hotspots there, warning of the occurrence of disasters that would cause historical tragedies. In parallel, it monitors a number of social, commercial and economic transformations that interacted and exploded in ways that were not devoid of cruelty and brutality through its characters, which are decorated with contradictions and contradictions. It does not philosophize much in trying to understand the changes that are sweeping it, but rather goes with the waves as if it were part of the movement of the scene with its confusions, strangeness and madness. Badria Al-Shihhi is the first Omani female novelist, and ironically, her first novel is also a feminist novel that, after forty years of silence, steps into the field of literature not to imitate men, but to shout and protest. Widowed at a young age, Zahra finds herself being forced into a hasty marriage to her cousin. Having been conditioned by her family and society to perennially obey society’s diktats, taking destiny into her own hands seems nigh impossible. Her radical decision to do so takes her on the journey of discovery from an Omani village perched atop a mountain to the East African coast. But of more importance than her physical journey through space is her internal one: of how far Zahra has to go to be free from the shackles of discrimination to finally find her place in the world, and what that search for independence holds for her. The findings of the research show that components such as protest, self-expression, violence, suppression of female instinct, taboo breaking have the most contribution in this novel and make it a part of feminist works. Although traces of self-awareness can be seen in this novel, by choosing to isolate the hero, the author has deprived him of reaching the stage of turning inward and self-discovery to find an individual identity and away from any imitation and protest.Conclusion:Al-Tawaf Haith Al-Jamar presents a model of a woman's efforts to liberate herself and not accept outdated patriarchal traditions. The revolution of this woman against the patriarchal society was parallel to the revolution of the African people against the Arabs who invaded their country and took over their lives and property. The author depicts the hardships that this woman endured on the way to achieving her dreams, as well as the financial and life losses that the African people suffered to realize their freedom; It seeks to prove that no freedom comes without a cost. The name he chose for this novel also indicates its content, because tawaf means an endless cycle and sequence that shows the continuation of this struggle. This novel was written in protest against male writing standards and the presentation of a stereotypical image of women, and it prioritized the defense of women's rights and women's idealism. Badria al-Shihhi shows the emergence of self-hiding in a woman named Zohra after enduring the sufferings that have been imposed on her for three decades in her life; shows. A woman whose whole life is described as endless service. Now looking for a range to be heard and seen and discovered; becomes Badria al-Shihhi has used this character as a model for a better and ideal being. In this novel, there is only one woman who is on a ship as a small community and on a path whose limits and end are unclear and all the passengers are men; is in motion The plurality of men in the novel shows the majority of their determining presence in the real society and the fact that there is only one woman among them has a directional and appropriate link with the reality of women being in the minority and describes the society's inferior view of women. Badria al-Shihhi did not accept the silence and description compatible with the environment and used literature as a means to depict the oppression and oppression of women. He leads his protagonist towards self-awareness, but at the end of the novel, by dragging him into isolation and transsexuality, he has deprived him of reaching the stage of turning inward and self-discovery to find an individual identity and away from any imitation and protest.
Keywords: Littérature – Oman

II Centro delle Arti e Tradizioni popolari di Tunisi - Oman, Giovanni (Oriente Moderno, 1969)
Keywords: Musée – Djerba

Novità nello scriptorium dei Romani - Pappalardo, Umberto (Minima epigraphica et papyrologica, 2021)
Purchase online the PDF of Novità nello scriptorium dei Romani, Pappalardo, Umberto, 1949- -
Keywords: Archéologie – Djerba

Prigionia e riscatto: il capitano Gerolamo Roccabruna e la spedizione di Gerba del 1560 - Franca, Barbacovi (Studi trentini. Storia, 2020)
Keywords: Invasions chrétiennes – Djerba – 1560

Bury-er-Roos o la Torre de Cranii (Isola di Jerbah) (L'omnibus pittoresco : enciclopedia letteraria ed artistica, 1841)
Keywords: Tour des crânes (Djerba)

Antico monumento o la torre du 25,000 crani cristiani all'isola di Jerbeh in Africa (La Moda, 1841)
Keywords: Tour des crânes (Djerba)

The Qaṣr al-Muwaijʿī: Dīwān of the Āl Nahayyān in the al-ʿAin / Buraimi Oasis - Power, Timothy; Sheehan, Peter (Liwa : journal of the National Center for Documentation and Research, 2011)

La successione tardo triassica del Gebel di Garian (Libia) : esemplificazione del principio di Walther - Assereto, Riccardo (Rivista italiana di paleontologia e stratigrafia, 1970)
Keywords: Géologie – Djebel Nefousa

Le imprese contro Tripoli e l'isola di Gerba dal 1284 al 1560 - Longhena, Mario (Atti dell'Accademia di agricoltura, scienze e lettere di Verona, 1959)
Keywords: Invasions chrétiennes – Djerba

Monumenti e tradizioni del cristianesimo : la pietra dei martiri cristiani ad El Kethua, nella regione di Giado - Corò, Francesco (Rivista della Tripolitania rivista di studi orientali e coloniali, 1957)
Keywords: Christianisme – Djebel Nefousa

Sur la découverte du Trias au pied du Djebel Garian - Brichant, André-L. (Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences, 1952)
Keywords: Géologie – Djebel Nefousa

Ribellione di Malta e spedizione alla Gerba come conseguenze dell'inefficienza della flotta aragonese nel Mediterraneo - Valentini, Roberto (Archivio Storico di Malta, 1937)
Keywords: Invasions chrétiennes – Djerba; Relations – Djerba – Malte

Sul clima del Garian : nota - Eredia, Filippo (Bollettino di informazioni, 1921)

Da Tripoli al Fezzan - Buselli, Gennaro (Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana, 1919)

Il Garian misterioso - Simoni, Giovanni De (Rivista mensile del Corriere della Sera, 1913)

Don Flaminio Orsini. Un eroe romano alla battaglia dell'isola di Gerba (1560) - Cortesi, Decio (Nuova antologia di lettere, scienze ed arti, 1911)
Keywords: Invasions chrétiennes – Djerba – 1560

Da Tripoli ai monti Garian - Cowper, H. Swainson (Nuova antologia di lettere, scienze ed arti, 1911)
Keywords: Récits de voyage – Libye

Guiniforte Barzizza all'impresa di Gerba del 1432 e un poemetto inedito di Antonio Canobio sullo stesso avvenimento - Romano, Giacinto (Archivio storico siciliano, 1892)
Keywords: Invasions chrétiennes – Djerba

Ritter Stefan, Ben Tahar Sami (éd.), Studies on the Urban History of Meninx (Djerba). The Meninx Archaeological Project, 2015–2019 (Archäologische Forschungen, 43), Wiesbaden, DAI-Reichert, 2022, 1 vol. 21 × 30, Volume I, 454 p. + 11 pl., 248 fig. n/b et coul., ISBN : 978-3-75200-611-7. - Bejaoui, Fathi (Revue archéologique, 2024)
Keywords: Archéologie – Djerba; Recension

The concept of symbol in the arts and the problem of communication Artistic identity through Amazigh symbols - Terbeche, Azeddine (Remittances review, 2024)
Keywords: Berbérisme – Arts

Écrire l’esclavage au féminin : une étude du roman contemporain omanais - Safar, Jihan (Esclavages & Post-esclavages. Slaveries & Post-Slaveries, 2024)
Cet article traite de l’esclavage et du genre dans la fiction contemporaine omanaise écrite par des femmes. Face au vide historiographique et anthropologique sur l’esclavage légal dans la péninsule Arabique, la littérature nourrie par la mémoire permet d’aborder cette question. Elle rend visible des subjectivités d’esclavisé·es ou de leurs descendant·es absentes des récits dominants. Dépassant les polémiques sur l’usage de la production littéraire dans les sciences sociales, l’article considère la littérature comme un point d’entrée anthropologique, politique et économique apte à éclairer les situations concrètes de l’esclavage et du post-esclavage dans la société contemporaine omanaise. Il souligne tout particulièrement les tensions entre l’écriture mémorielle de l’esclavage et les positions de pouvoir et de genre des écrivaines. Il analyse ainsi une double subjectivité : celle des protagonistes femmes dans le roman et celle des romancières. Deux principaux romans omanais examinent l’esclavage dans la sphère intime et privée de la famille, du mariage et de la sexualité : Sayyidāt al Qamar (Les Corps célestes) de Jokha Alharthi et Al ashyā’ layssat fi amākiniha (Things are not in their place) de Huda Hamed (Al Jahouri). Le premier roman aborde frontalement l’esclavage et la traite omanaise qui s’étendait des côtes d’Afrique orientale jusqu’au Baloutchistan ; la concubine Zarifa étant l’un des principaux personnages. Le second roman raconte l’évitement matrimonial entre Amal, une baysara (métissée) et Mohsin, un « Arabe » issu d’une tribu « noble » et « pure ». Dans les deux romans, la question de la race, du genre et de l’origine généalogique s’inscrit au cœur des pratiques matrimoniales, sexuelles et familiales.L’article s’appuie sur une enquête de terrain menée au sultanat d’Oman en février 2023. Des entretiens en langue arabe ont été conduits avec les deux romancières Jokha Alharthi et Huda Hamed, afin de recueillir leurs discours et leurs perceptions sur le passé colonial, sur l’esclavage et son héritage, sur le rôle de la littérature, sur la réception de leur œuvre par le public local et international ainsi que sur les sources utilisées dans leur production littéraire. D’autres entretiens ont été menés avec des personnalités littéraires, académiques, et des représentants officiels.Dans la première partie de cet article, le roman contemporain est traité comme un matériau permettant de saisir les transformations sociétales dans le sultanat d’Oman en contexte d’esclavage et de post-esclavage, dans une perspective intersectionnelle. En premier lieu, cette partie met en lumière les multiples formes de domination au sein de l’institution du concubinage, soulignant la notion de propriété légale de l’esclave (milk) dans la loi musulmane. Elle montre le cycle de violences sexuelles exercées sur le corps de l’esclave-femme ainsi que les relations complexes entre maître et concubine où se mêlent abus, affection et domination. Elle témoigne aussi des relations prohibées entre la maîtresse et son esclave. Cette première partie indique également comment le roman permet d’évoquer les expériences de genre différenciées parmi les esclaves eux-mêmes, entre les esclaves né·es dans la maison du maître et les esclaves capturé·es qui se remémorent le « voyage ». Une telle distinction informe sur le sentiment d’appartenance à la nation : la loyauté nationale semble plus forte parmi les esclaves né·es dans la maison du maître, notamment les femmes, qu’au sein de la génération capturée, surtout masculine, bien plus rebelle. Le roman contemporain omanais donne l’opportunité, en troisième lieu, de décrire les pratiques post-esclavagistes au sein du mariage, un lieu de reproduction des hiérarchies sociales et raciales. Il évoque le thème des évitements matrimoniaux qui exprime des subjectivités féminines où s’entrecroisent race, genre et lignée. Prenant le cas des bayāsir (métissé.es), le roman omanais révèle que la discrimination ne relève pas de la couleur de peau mais de la généalogie. Si ces romans rendent visibles des trajectoires et des expériences d’esclavisé·es, le positionnement des romancières peut sembler paternaliste, les femmes noires étant souvent associées aux stéréotypes liés à la prostitution et à l’impossibilité pour elles de former une famille stable.La deuxième partie de l’article aborde les modes de narration, les positionnements des romancières omanaises, et la réception controversée de l’œuvre littéraire évoquant l’esclavage. Elle traite des subjectivités et des sources utilisées par les romancières. La place attribuée à l’histoire orale et aux archives dans la construction romanesque est centrale dans l’écriture féminine et mémorielle sur l’esclavage. Des subjectivités racialisées sont également évoquées. À l’inverse des black feminists afro-américaines qui ont écrit des neo-slave narratives, les romancières omanaises ne sont pas issues de communautés afro-arabes descendantes d’esclaves ; elles appartiennent à la classe dominante et « blanche ». Si ces romancières sont accusées de faire le jeu du colonialisme, on leur reproche également d’être son relais. Des attaques féroces ont fusé après l’attribution de prix littéraires (comme celui du Man Booker International Prize 2019 pour Sayyidāt al Qamar de Jokha Alharthi) et la traduction de leur œuvre. Pour les « conservateurs », ces romans montraient les Omanais sous l’angle des colonisateurs ou des esclavagistes. Ainsi, la traduction de ces œuvres a produit des discours locaux autour de l’esclavage et a soulevé de nombreuses polémiques à propos de la mémoire coloniale. Cette fictionnalité vient combler un silence institutionnel, les autorités évitant d’engager un débat national sur l’esclavage qui pourrait nuire à l’image internationale du pays. Au-delà d’un récit national homogène, la fiction contemporaine, essentiellement écrite par des femmes, permet donc de rendre visible l’esclavage dans la péninsule Arabique. Dépassant des visions sur l’esclavage oriental « doux » et « bienveillant », cet article cherche à inscrire celui-ci dans les études sur les histoires globales de l’esclavage.
Keywords: Esclavage – Oman; Littérature – Oman

The sustainable potential of the architectural and urban heritage of the Algerian ksour - Souami, Mohamed Adel; Elhaddad, Iheb; Ferhat, Sabrina; Medhouche, Hylda; Mellak, Chamsy; Nebbache, Lynda (Journal of Architectural Conservation, 2024)
This paper aims to assess the sustainability potential of Algerian desert Ksour's architectural and urban heritage. It identifies systems aligning with the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs), categorized into formal, spatial organization, and architectonic aspects. The approach correlates Ksour's architectural features with SDGs defined by the International Union of Architects, yielding 40 passive features applicable for achieving SDGs. Notably, features like high windows (architectural) and strategic siting (urban) remain relevant for energy efficiency and carbon footprint reduction. This research gives us the opportunity to improve our strategies for rehabilitating and adapting built heritage so that it can meet current environmental challenges, but also opens up the possibility in the future of continuing to identify more sustainable systems by extending the study of heritage examples, but also and above all of developing a reflection on the adaptation of these passive systems in the design of contemporary architectural and urban projects.
_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/13556207.2024.2350181
Keywords: Architecture – Mzab

العلاقات العثمانية – العُمانية عشية الانسحاب الإيراني من مدينة البصرة في ضوء وثيقة عثمانية 1193ه/ 1779م - الطراونة, محمد سالم; عبيدات, ميسون منصور; الريامي, علي بن سعيد; خيراني, صلاح (حوليات آداب عين شمس, 2024)
تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى كشف النقاب عن وثيقة تاريخية مهمة عثرنا عليها ضمن (دفتر نامه همايون رقم 9-110)، المحفوظ في أرشيف رئاسة الوزراء باستانبول.وهذه الوثيقة هي رسالة همايونية جاءت في إطار المراسلات الثنائية بين السلطان العثماني عبد الحميد الأوَّل (1187-1203ه/ 1774-1789م) وحاكم عُمان الإمام أحمد بن سعيد (1157-1197ه/1744-1783م)؛ لمناقشة الوضع الخطير الناجم عن الاحتلال الإيراني لمدينة البصرة الذي دام ثلاث سنوات، وسُبُل التنسيق المشترك بين عُمان والدولة العثمانية عيشة الانسحاب الإيراني من مدينة البصرةإثر موت كريم خان الزند، وما تلا ذلك من نزاع داخلي على السلطة.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Empire ottoman

“Useful” Knowledge and Moral Education in Zanzibar Between Colonial and Islamic Reform, 1916–1945 - Bolton, Caitlyn (Islamic Africa, 2022)
The introduction of colonial schooling in Zanzibar was aimed at improving economic productivity, drawing on an exchange of educational theory with the American South to ensure a labor supply for the post-emancipation plantation economy. Yet colonial officials faced a key problem: students did not attend, preferring instead to continue studying in Qur’anic schools, institutions roundly derided by colonial officials. To secure attendance, colonial officials engaged local Muslim leaders to create an Islamic studies syllabus. While reflecting transnational Islamic reformist trends, this syllabus ultimately backfired as local parents protested its lack of moral content. Based on research in the Zanzibar National Archives, this article recounts the tensions and overlap between colonial officials, Islamic leaders connected to transnational discourses of reform, and local Muslim parents over what constitutes truly “useful” knowledge. It argues that colonial education was not particularly successful in forming students into the hard-working agricultural subjects it envisioned. It was successful, however, in orienting public institutions towards economic progress, and shifting public discourses on morality and religion to suit that goal.
Keywords: Vie politique – Zanzibar – 1911-1960

Escape from Zanzibar: Refugees, Documents, and the Indian Ocean Shipping Regime - Limbert, Mandana E. (International Journal of Middle East Studies, 2022)
In January 1964, on the heels of its formal independence from Britain, the East African island of Zanzibar exploded in a violent uprising ousting the Al-Bu Saidi sultan—an Omani by descent—and his primarily “Arab” government. Though early reports of the revolution did not indicate targeted attacks against Arabs, it soon became clear that thousands of Arab-identified residents—settlers—were killed, mostly in rural areas. 1 Others, including some families I came to know during my years in interior Oman, described being separated from their families or being captured and taken to detention camps, where they stayed a week or two before being reunited. Some found their way to these camps in search of relatives, shelter, and food. 2 Decades later, the chaos and violence of that time was recounted to me with unnerving directness. Eventually, thousands of Arabs were deported or fled—to Kenya, Dubai and Abu Dhabi, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Muscat and Oman. Muscat, on the coast of Oman, was the seat of the other Al-Bu Saidi sultan—a cousin of the Zanzibar sultan—who had only recently taken control of “Oman proper,” the territory of the Imamate whose ruler was now in exile in Saudi Arabia having been defeated in a war with the Sultan of Muscat. In the meantime, those leaving Zanzibar required ships and documents.

The Re-globalization Process in the Indian Ocean: the Ibadi Press in Zanzibar (al-Sultaniyya) - Nicolini, Beatrice (Chroniques yéménites, 2022)

القيم التنظيمية في المؤسسات الوقفية الإباضية دراسة وصفية لمؤسسة الإمام للبر والإحسان، القرارة، غرداية Organizational values in the Ibadi endowment foundation, Descriptive study of Imam for righteousness and charity – Gherrara, Ghardaia - إباض, بـهون علي; يمينة, مـختار (مجلة الموروث, 2022)
تشخّص هذه الدراسة الوصفية المفردية واقع المعاش للحقل الميداني محلّ دراستنا، حيث قام الباحثان بجـمع البيانات من خلال الأدوات البحثية المعتمدة، كجلسات المقابلة والملاحظة بالمشاركة، وتحليل المحتوى اللوائح والأنظمة الداخلية، وكانت إشكالية الدراسة كالأتي: ما هي القيم التنظيمية في المؤسسة الوقفية؟، وما مصدرها ؟ كيف تتجسّد عملياً في الواقع ؟ ولقد كشف التشخيص الميداني مدى تأثير العقيدة الإسلامية في أسس انطلاق المؤسسة، وقد كانت جلّية في الأنظمة ولوائح من أجل المحافظة والاستمرار على أدوارها التي انطلقت منها، وللكفاءات القائمة على إدارة المؤسسة التأثير البارز على فعالية القيم في أرض الواقع، من أجل سلامة ونجاعة قيمها التنظيمية، فهي متأثرة بطبيعة المؤسسة ونوعية نشاطها، وحجمها، ولخلفيتها ومنطلقاتها الأيديولوجية والثقافية والعلمية والمجتمعية والجغرافية. وقد صغنا الفرض الآتي: يمكن للمنظّمة الواعية بالشريعة ومقاصدها الكونية، أن تجسّد القواعد الفقهية في فلسفتها الإدارية وتصوغها قيم تنظيمية This descriptive study diagnoses the reality of the study, I collected the data through the approved research tools. The problem was: What is the organizational value in the endowment foundation? its source? How it is applied in reality? The real diagnosis reveals the extent of the influence of the Islamic faith on the basics of the foundation’s start, and it was evident in the regulations to preserve its starting roles. The skilled managers have a great impact on the efficacy of values in reality for its organizational safety; affected by the nature of the foundation, the quality of its activity, its size, its background and its ideological, cultural, scientific, societal and geographic backgrounds. We formulated this hypothesis: the aware organization of the faith and its cosmic purposes can apply the jurisprudential rules in its administrative philosophy and formulate organizational values.
Keywords: Waqf (fondations) – Mzab

The French Flag in Zanzibar Waters 1860s–1900s: Abolition and Imperial Rivalry in the Western Indian Ocean - Cheriau, Raphaël (The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, 2021)

Reading Ibāḍī Women’s Legacies through Stone Town’s Built Environment - Wortmann, Kimberly T. (Islamic Africa, 2021)
This article explores how women of means in nineteenth-century Zanzibar used their built legacies to convey their piety and authority even though they were not active in public religious life. The focus of the study is an old Ibāḍī mosque named after its founder, ‘Aisha bint Jumʻa al-Mughayri, and the tombstone of her younger female relative Muhayra bint Jumʻa al-Mughayri. While the details of the two women’s lives, works and property do not appear prominently in the written record of Zanzibar, this article asks what we can glean about their religious and economic commitments from the built legacies and religious endowments they left behind, as well as from the writings of their male contemporaries, British colonial officials and their descendants. The article also demonstrates how the conservation and upkeep of historic religious institutions in Zanzibar today depends greatly on collaborations between local family members, state institutions and transnational faith-based organizations (fbos).
Keywords: Ibadisme – Zanzibar

Moving still: Bicycles in Ranchhod Oza’s photographs of 1950s Stone Town (Zanzibar) - Gupta, Pamila (Journal of African Cinemas, 2020)
Stone Town’s busy streets in the 1950s became a set for photographer Ranchhod Oza, proprietor of Capital Art Studio (1930–83). I was aesthetically drawn to the numerous bicycles portrayed in these Zanzibari images, just as Oza had been at an earlier time and place. I am less interested in reading the subject of bicycles as simply a sign of Zanzibari modernity, an accoutrement that projects a fantasy of advancement via technological things. Instead, I focus on their ability to reflect various material aspects of daily life in Stone Town. Some bicycles carry people, others transport things, while still others appear as stage props, leaning up against walls while waiting (im)patiently for their owners to return. Yet in all these Oza images, they are moving still, ready to reach another chosen destination. What does the content of bicycles say about Oza’s photographic style? Can these bicycles potentially speak to Zanzibar’s placeness as a cosmopolitan Indian Ocean port city?

Pray to the Archive: Abstracting History in Zanzibar - Kara, Taushif (International Journal of Islamic Architecture, 2020)
This article explores the problem of reading architecture as archive, with specific reference to the built environment on the island of Zanzibar. The architecture of Stone Town – Zanzibar's urban centre – is often marshalled by scholars as clear evidence of the island's complex and layered histories. This reading, however, tends to lament an erstwhile Indian Ocean cosmopolitanism at odds with both the Zanzibari past and present. In this article, I trace the contours of the island's divergent political and architectural histories and demonstrate how an archival view of architecture can obscure the very past it seeks to recover. I illustrate this tension through one particular case study: the Khoja Jamatkhana in the heart of Stone Town. I then consider the possible futures of archival readings by exploring the limits of both formal analysis and historical context through the work of contemporary artist Zarina Bhimji. If the Jamatkhana points to the restrictive capacity of archival readings of architecture, Bhimji's work opens up the archive itself as a site of abstraction, bringing into sharp relief the intricate relationship between space and history.
Keywords: Architecture – Zanzibar

‘Siendi’ (I won’t go): concubines’ activism in the abolition of slavery in the Zanzibar Protectorate - McMahon, Elisabeth (Slavery & Abolition, 2020)
Keywords: Esclavage – Zanzibar

Customs House, Steamers, and the Entrepôt: Zanzibar Trade Infrastructure Circa 1830–1888 - Pawełczak, Marek (African Economic History, 2020)
Keywords: Commerce – Zanzibar – 19e siècle

Le blocus de Zanzibar (1888-1889) : entre « intervention d’humanité », colonisation et droit international: - Cheriau, Raphaël (Outre-Mers, 2019)
L’étude du blocus naval de Zanzibar, mis en place par les marines allemande et britannique entre décembre 1888 et septembre 1889, officiellement afin de mettre un terme aux trafics d’armes et d’esclaves ravageant la côte orientale de l’Afrique à cette période, permet d’observer les relations complexes entre discours humanitaire, droit international, et interventions coloniales en cette fin de xix e siècle. Cette opération navale donne en effet l’occasion de mieux comprendre l’émergence du nouveau concept « d’intervention d’humanité » dans les relations et le droit international, alors que le fait colonial connait un nouvel élan historique. Enfin, le blocus de Zanzibar fut aussi, du fait de sa dimension et de ses conséquences globales, un jalon marquant de l’histoire du droit humanitaire dans les relations internationales.
Keywords: Vie politique – Zanzibar – 1888-1890

The Force Publique’s campaigns in the Congo-Arab War, 1892-1894 - Draper, Mario (Small Wars & Insurgencies, 2019)
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Congo

Les oumanas: Le corps exécutif du ʻorf de la construction au M’Zab (Algérie) - Gueliane, Nora (Asinag | ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ | أسيناك, 2019)
The M’Zab valley (Algeria) is known for its historic ksours which are of exceptional architectural and landscape character, a heritage that has maintained its integrity and homogeneity for centuries through the establishment of a construction ʻorf. A set of rules have been developped over time and accrued experience in the architectural design of Ksours. This ʻorf relies in its application on an institution termed the oumanas. This institution ensures its transmission, evolution and its application in the field. This paper presents this institution, its organization, its financing, and its role in the management of traditional building in the M’Zab area.
Keywords: Droit coutumier – Mzab; Urbanisme – Mzab

The Syntax of Sluicing in Omani Arabic - Algryani, Ali (International Journal of English Linguistics, 2019)
This study examines the syntax of sluicing in Omani Arabic to uncover its morpho-syntactic properties and underlying source. It also attempts to account for the apparent preposition stranding (p-stranding) effects displayed by Omani Arabic sluicing, which indicates that the language is a counterexample to the p-stranding generalisation (Merchant, 2001). The paper concludes that sluicing exists in the language and it is derived from regular wh-questions by wh-movement and TP ellipsis at PF. Furthermore, Omani Arabic displays pseudo-sluicing (i.e., an elliptical cleft wh-question), which can also be derived via wh-movement from spec-TP to spec-CP plus TP deletion at PF. Finally, the study argues that the apparent cases of sluicing under p-stranding are actually pseudo-sluicing. The drop of copular pronouns in the sluiced clause and omission of the preposition with the relative clause lead to the illusion that sluicing in Omani Arabic exhibits p-stranding effects.
Keywords: Linguistique – Oman

On the Flexibility of Indian Ocean Sewn‐Plank Vessels: the structural performance of Jewel of Muscat - Burningham, Nick (International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, 2019)
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Sino-Omani Relations in the Age of the Belt and Road Initiative: A Win-Win Opportunity for the Sultanate? - Printsmith, Callum (Afkar: The Undergraduate Journal of Middle East Studies, 2019)
First announced in 2013, China’s plan to revive the ancient Silk Road and ocean trade routes under the auspices of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been described as the “project of the century.” Due to its geographic position, stable governance, and diplomatic neutrality, Oman has come to play a key role in the BRI. Nevertheless, the Sultanate has often been overlooked by scholarship and has featured somewhat as an afterthought, especially compared to the studies of Chinese relationships with regional heavyweights, such as Iran and Saudi Arabia. In this context, this article explores Oman’s role in the BRI initiative, and critically evaluates the potential impact of Chinese developments on Oman’s national sovereignty and socio-economic development. It argues that Oman stands to gain much from the transforming Sino-Omani friendship and potentially achieve a win-win outcome, largely due to Oman’s unique bargaining position in comparison to other countries involved in the BRI. The article begins by offering an introduction to the BRI and discussing the scope of the project. It then moves on to contextualize Chinese investments in Oman within a longer history of economic relationships between the Sultanate and China. Finally, it examines the pros and cons of Oman’s increasing entanglement with China and asks to what extent the BRI can be strategically leveraged by the Sultanate.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Chine

New project on Islamic ceramics from al-Balīd: chronology, technology, tradition, and provenance - Fusaro, Agnese (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2019)
A new project on the pottery has begun since excavations resumed in 2016 at the site of al-Balīd (Ẓafār), Dhofar in southern Oman. The work concentrates on the Husn, a fortified palace, in this Islamic port. The paper presents the current project on the pottery, exploring methodology, objectives, and preliminary results. The study suggests a dating for the occupational phases of the palace identified so far (fourteenth–eighteenth century AD). The examination of the ceramic material is supported by archaeometric analysis and ethnoarchaeological work on the modern Dhofari production, the latter contributing to a better understanding of the ancient manufacturing process and the transfer of knowledge. This multidisciplinary study allows an exhaustive stylistic, technological, and archaeometric characterization of the pottery, with a special focus on local wares, also proposing or revising their chronological attribution. Moreover, a provenance study is conducted, particularly to establish the origin of the abundant and diverse imports, thus identifying the regions trading with al-Balīd during different periods. Despite previous work on al-Balīd, the study of the ceramic material has never been published properly — the project aims to fill this gap. Furthermore, it is one of the few ongoing research projects on Islamic ceramics of Dhofar and present-day Oman.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Building Pâris’ Beden Seyad: a replica of the Omani 19th‐century sewn fishing vessel - Ghidoni, Alessandro (International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, 2019)
Keywords: Navigation – Oman

L’atelier de potier des al-‘Adawī, père et fils à Bahla en Oman : transmission d’un savoir-faire - Lesguer, Fabien (Chroniques yéménites, 2019)
Keywords: Artisanat – Oman

Wadi flood impact assessment of the 2002 cyclonic storm in Dhofar, Oman under present and future sea level conditions - Ruheili, Amna al-; Dahm, Ruben; Radke, John (Journal of Arid Environments, 2019)
Keywords: Inondations – Oman – 2002

Sewn Boats in Oman and the Indian Ocean - Vosmer, Tom (International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, 2019)
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Invisible veterans: defeated militants and enduring revolutionary social values in Dhufar, Oman - Wilson, Alice (Conflict and Society, 2019)
Those who have participated in organized political violence often develop distinctive identities as veteran combatants. But what possibilities exist to produce a veteran identity for “invisible” veterans denied public recognition or mention, such as politically repressed defeated insurgents? Everyday socializing during or after political violence can help restore social worlds threatened or destroyed by violence; an examination of “invisible” veteran defeated revolutionaries in Dhufar, Oman, shows how everyday socializing can help reproduce a distinctive veteran identity despite political repression. Ethnographic fieldwork with veteran militants from the defeated revolutionary liberation movement for Dhufar reveals that while veterans (who are a diverse group) no longer publicly reproduce their political and economic revolutionary ideals, some male veterans—through everyday, same-sex socializing—reproduce revolutionary ideals of social, especially tribal and ethnic, egalitarianism. These practices mark a distinctive veteran identity and indicate an “afterlife” of lasting social legacies of defeated revolution.
Keywords: Dhofar

Civic engagement in the community-managed libraries in Oman - Husaini, Mohamed Al (Cybrarians Journal, 2019)
The current study aims to identify the practice of civic engagement in the community-managed libraries in Oman. Community-Managed library is an act of making the library space available for community’s activities, by working in partnership with the voluntary and community sector and other public services. In addition, it is usually involving users as volunteers in the delivery of library services and the organization of activities, that supports and involves the community in various levels of decision making process, work around books and engage in public dialogues and deliberations.A qualitative survey was used to identify the stakeholders’ perception towards the adoption of civic engagement, as a method to develop and sustain these libraries. Stakeholders’ suggestions to overcome the challenges, currently faced by these libraries were also identified. Triangulation method was used to gather information from social media of the libraries beside the open survey. It was discovered that, the six aspects of civic participation are practiced in the community-managed libraries’ and seen in various activities and programs. However, the libraries founders must be motivated through appreciation and support from the government, private sector and other organizations, in order to develop their libraries and keep them sustainable. Finally, the community-managed libraries could model public libraries or serve as extension in the country.
Number: 54
Keywords: Bibliothèques – Oman

Heritage Imagery and Temporal Space in the Sultanate of Oman: Cultivating Modes of Ethical Living through State Media - Sachedina, Amal (Future Anterior: Journal of Historic Preservation, History, Theory, and Criticism, 2019)

Oman’s Response to a Rising Iran: A Case of Strategic Hedging - Binhuwaidin, Mohammed (Journal of Arabian Studies, 2019)

An Ethnographic Discussion of Fairy Tales and Folktales from Southern Oman - Risse, Marielle (Fabula, 2019)
Das Anliegen dieses Aufsatzes ist es, eine Sammlung von Märchen und populären Erzählungen aus dem südlichen Oman vorzustellen, um zu zeigen, dass viele der historischen materiellen und kulturellen Setzungen heute noch Bestand haben. Die Erzählungen wurden in den 1970er Jahren in Gibali (auch Jibbalo oder Shari genannt) aufgezeichnet; Gibali ist eine nicht-schriftliche, moderne südarabische Sprache (Rubin 2014). Die Analyse konzentriert sich nicht auf klassische Erzähltypen, sondern bezieht sich vielmehr auf die alltäglichen Lebenszusammenhänge, die sich in den Geschichten der Dhofari spiegeln. Die Aufzeichnungen wurden zum Zeitpunkt der Modernisierung der Region in den 1970er Jahren vorgenommen und enthalten viele traditionelle Elemente der Gibali-Kultur. Diese Aufzeichnungen werden mit anderen schriftlichen Quellen verglichen, um aufzuzeigen, dass die Übermittlung von moralischen Glaubensvorstellungen, z. B. von Schwüren, Djinns, in den Texten eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Die Autorin forscht seit über zehn Jahren über dhofarische und gibalische Kulturen.

The Historical Study of Castles in Oman (Jalali) as a Model - Odah, Bushra Kadhim (Opción: Revista de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales, 2019)
The aim of the study is to investigate the historical study of castles in Oman (Jalali) as a model via comparative qualitative research methods. As a result, the castle became a center of attraction and attention to local, regional or international powers, and then developed in the era of AL- Boussaid, and became an administrative center and later transformed as a central prison for Oman. In conclusion, the form of castle differs from the time it had before, by virtue of the reforms and renovations carried out by the Portuguese rule until the modern Renaissance in Oman.
Keywords: Monuments – Oman

The Kambārī in the Museum of the Frankincense Land, Salalah, Oman - Weismann, Norbert; Dziamski, Piotr; Haar, Lilli (International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, 2019)
Keywords: Musée – Oman

From kin to commodity: ecocultural relations in transition in Oman - Alhinai, Maryam; Milstein, Tema (Local Environment, 2019)

The sixteenth-century Portuguese Suma Oriental and the Arab pilots: A comparative summa orientalis? - Acevedo, Juan (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2022)
Starting from a consideration of Tomé Pires’ 1515 Suma Oriental, this article considers the feasibility, nature, and relevance of a summa orientalis in the form of a Portuguese Early Maritime Corpus. When this corpus is compared with Arabic nautical literature, primarily Ibn Mājid and Sulaymān al-Mahrī, and especially with attention to the technical aspects of their writings, then the desirability of an Indian Ocean Maritime Corpus is envisaged. The centrality and the mediating role of Arab pilots and Arabic nautical literature indicate that the first step is the delimitation of an Arabic Early Maritime Corpus.
Keywords: Navigation – Oman

From raw materials to finished products: pottery production at Sumhuram (Khor Rori, Sultanate of Oman) - Rizzo, Carlotta; Pagnotta, Stefano; Lezzerini, Marco; Pavan, Alexia; Buono, Giulia (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2022)
The aim of this paper is to analyse the dynamics related to the pottery production in Sumhuram, the easternmost port of call between the Red Sea and the Indian continent along the southern coast of Arabia (second century BC–fifth century AD). Being a rich hub of international trade, receiving and redistributing local products and goods from many different areas, Sumhuram was able to provide for its needs through its own agriculture and a number of local activities, as attested by the presence of kilns and furnaces. Previous studies on the topic have suggested a possible connection between local pottery manufacturing in Sumhuram, and the Hadrami tradition, although kilns have not been found until recently. In 2015 archaeological investigations unveiled the first evidence of such a connection with the discovery of a pottery kiln and some production waste inside the city wall, along with the identification of pottery sherds in the area of the kiln. In order to identify their mineralogical and petrographic composition, thin-section analyses were made on a number of selected sherds. The preliminary results demonstrate that the raw materials used are compatible with a local production. This allows us to describe the different phases of the pottery cycle in Sumhuram as well as the structure of the pottery kiln, which represents an uncommon find in the pre-Islamic archaeology of southern Arabia.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Navigating the Gulf: Aḥmad b. Mājid’s poem on Gulf navigation - Staples, Eric (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2022)
Aḥmad b. Mājid is the most renowned author of Arabic navigational literature. Although he is reported to have come from the southern Gulf port of Julfar, the vast majority of his work focuses on navigating the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea, and his compositions contain few details relating to Gulf navigation. The one exception is a short, undated poem describing sailing routes in the Gulf. This paper analyses this unique poem and compares the navigational practices it describes with those in his other navigational works in order better to understand the specific characteristics of Gulf and Indian Ocean navigation in the fifteenth century.
Keywords: Navigation – Oman

Cross-cultural maritime technological exchange in the first-millennium Indian Ocean - Vosmer, Tom (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2022)
Extensive trade networks in the Indian Ocean generated contact among cultures and spheres of maritime technology across a huge geographical area. Inevitably, these networks resulted not only in exchange of foodstuffs, raw materials, luxury goods, spices, and manufactured goods, but also in cultural and religious concepts and technological knowledge and practices. With the intensity of maritime trade these exchanges engendered the borrowing of shipbuilding designs, materials, and methodologies and generated a certain hybridization of technology, design, and the ways in which ships were conceived. This hybridization is particularly evident in the Belitung and Phanom-Surin ships discovered in Indonesia and Thailand respectively (Flecker 2001; 2008; Jumpron 2019; Wongnai, Jumpron & Premjai 2016). While echoing shipbuilding practices from outside South-East Asia, they also incorporated materials and concepts from South-East Asia, and yet remain distinct from the dominant lashed-lug construction of the region. Using archaeological material from Oman and South-East Asia as well as ethnographic data from the western Indian Ocean, East Africa, India, Oman, Iran, and South-East Asia, this paper explores current archaeological and ethnographic shipbuilding information and raises some questions about the place of Belitung and Phanom-Surin in first-millennium shipbuilding practice.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Explaining the Omani National Counterterrorism Strategy - Albasoos, Hani; Alfarsi, Alanood (Ortadoğu Etütleri, 2021)
The Sultanate of Oman has been consistently able to maintain its stability of security and stay away from the claws of terrorism, increasing the efficiency of its national counterterrorism strategy. This article explores local and international reports that measure Oman’s current terrorism’s status, and the reasons behind Oman’s ability to stay terrorism-free, particularly in light of the ever-increasing number of terrorist attacks and incidents in the Arabian Gulf region and the appearance of terrorist groups in nearby states. This research endeavors to analyze the existing knowledge to clearly understand the Omani approach and strategy in counterterrorism. The data collected for this research are extracted from semi-structured interviews and from policy analyses achieved through observing procedures, reviewing related legislation, and a detailed review of all previously associated policies. This research is exploring how the Sultanate of Oman defines terrorism, examining the elements of the Omani national counterterrorism strategy, and understanding the different phases of the Omani counterterrorism strategy. It recommends that the Sultanate of Oman should maintain a defensive approach to its national counterterrorism strategy to face terrorism and ensure its stability of security.
Number: 1
Keywords: Vie politique – Oman – 2020-....

The 1852 Centaur Shipwreck: Law, politics and society in the Persian Gulf - Alavi, Seema (Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History, 2020)
In 1852, Centaur, a British ship laden with indigo from Bengal, wrecked at Al Khobar off the coast of Muscat in the Persian Gulf. The essay offers the micro-history of the shipwreck to understand the working of law in the Persian Gulf. The many different experiences of individuals impacted by the same mishap but located in different geographical, social and political contexts offers a thick connectedness of things on scales both small and large. The essay brings this more textured optic of micro-history in conversation with the embracive and flexible frame of analysis of Indian Ocean studies to understand the Gulf’s flexible legal terrain and its political implications.

Pre-oil Globalization in a Rural Community: The Late Islamic Village of Sahlat in the Suhar Region - Biezeveld, Irini; Düring, Bleda S. (Journal of Islamic Archaeology, 2020)
This article aims to study whether the increase of agricultural settlements in the Sultanate of Oman during the Late Islamic period (c. 1500-1950) was related to pre-oil globalization, as attested in the wider Gulf region. This is done by analysing the archaeological dataset of the agricultural village of Sahlat, with a focus on the ceramic material, located in the Suhar region. The assemblages collected by the Wadi al-Jizzi Archaeological Project, point to its occupation from c. 1750 to 1930. During this time period, the coastal towns of southeastern Arabia were heavily influenced by globalization processes, but the effects and reach of trade on rural communities remains poorly known. In this paper, Sahlat is compared to two contemporary sites connected to the same falaj system, and two other sites in the Gulf region. The results indicate that pre-oil globalization did not only impact coastal towns, but that rural settlements such as Sahlat experienced similar transformations. It is suggested that pre-oil globalization was not only linked to the pearling trade, but that the export of dates should also be taken into consideration when studying this topic.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Two Legends from Kashf al-Ghumma al-Djamiʿ li-Akhbar al-Umma - Mikulsky, Dmitriy V. (Papers of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the RAS, 2020)
The article deals with the two legends from the main traditional work on the history of Oman (18 c.). The first of the two legends relates the story of appearance of idolatry among human beings, while the second one is dedicated to the adoption of Islam by the people of Oman. The first legend is strongly bound to the written tradition, while the second one is obviously related to the Omanian folklore. The textual fragments that contain the legends are combined by passages belonging to different genres. Among them are to be noticed the remarks made by the Author of the work, which is the evidence of the transformation of the essential tradition, carried out by the Author.

Nuisances et chaos des Vents. Expressions de l’agressivité dans un rite de possession en Arabie orientale - Sebiane, Maho (Cahiers d’ethnomusicologie. Anciennement Cahiers de musiques traditionnelles, 2020)
Pour les Zunûj d’Arabie orientale, le rite de possession ramsat-al-leiwah est une pratique à caractère thérapeutique. Il est supposé guérir les individus des maladies et des tourments infligés par des esprits nommés as-sawâḥili. Ainsi, il n’est pas rare, au cours de ses réalisations, que des actes agressifs soient perpétrés entre esprits de possession, entre participants humains, voire entre esprits et êtres humains. Dans ces situations, les Zunûj utilisent l’expression arabe rabsha pour qualifier ces actes répréhensibles. Ce terme renvoie simultanément à deux significations : la nuisance et le chaos. Or, de leur point de vue, il est essentiel que tous – humains et esprits – observent entre eux une attitude respectueuse et sans hostilité. Cela s’accorde avec le caractère festif recherché pour le bon déroulement du rite, d’autant plus que, pour être considéré comme réussi, il doit s’achever dans la bonne entente et l’harmonie entre tous les participants humains et les esprits. C’est à partir d’un exemple extrait d’une réalisation de ce rite datant de 2009 au Sultanat d’Oman que cet article propose d’explorer les expressions de l’agressivité en contexte rituel en se fondant sur une micro-analyse de l’engagement des différents acteurs et de leurs interactions.
ISBN: 9782884744928 Number: 33
Keywords: Croyances populaires – Oman

Reflections of a Muslim-Portuguese maritime world in a sixteenth-century Portuguese source - Salimi, Abdulrahman al-; Staples, Eric (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2015)
This paper discusses a record of expenses of an early sixteenth-century Portuguese vessel, the Santa Maria do Monte, during its voyage from Goa to Hormuz and back in 1520-1521, stopping in the Omani ports of Qalhāt, Ṭīwī, Qurayyāt, Muscat (Masqat), and Khawr Fakkān along the way. The route sailed during this voyage is examined in light of regional navigational practices, and the composition of the crew is discussed, emphasizing the significant non-Portuguese population on board. The nature of the ship and the specific costs of maintaining this vessel during the voyage are also addressed. Collectively, the cultural intersections involved with the navigation, the crew, and the maintenance regime of this vessel provide specific examples of maritime relationships in the region. In terms of its broader significance, such evidence of a high concentration of regional actors in a Portuguese instrument of maritime power alludes to a more complex and interdependent relationship between the Portuguese and the Arabian Sea maritime spheres. It also highlights a specific segment of the vibrant maritime Indian Ocean mosaic that the Portuguese were compelled to navigate during their imperial endeavours.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Portugal

Maritime footprints: examining the maritime cultural landscape of Masirah Island, Oman, past and present - Blue, Lucy; Al-Jahwari, Nasser Said; Staples, Eric; Giorgio, Lorena; Croce, Paolo; Ghidoni, Alessandro; Busaidi, Ayyoub Nagmoush Al; Belfioretti, Luca (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2014)
This interdisciplinary paper explores the potential of the maritime cultural landscape approach to a recent preliminary study of the island of Masirah in south-eastern Oman. Masirah Island is known for its extended occupation and rich archaeological record and in particular for its intensive use of marine resources from the Neolithic period up to the modern day. The Maritime Footprints project sets out to explore this dynamic maritime cultural landscape through a variety of methodologies. It employs a range of terrestrial and maritime archaeological survey techniques and approaches, mapping selected sites, their geographical context, and associated coastal features; it undertakes maritime ethnographic inquiry, studying the traditional boats, their use and change over time; it records oral traditions and explores memory and practice relating to the sea and maritime activities. Three case studies are identified to explore the changing maritime cultural landscape of the island from prehistory to the modern day in order to reveal a more nuanced appreciation of maritime activity, seafaring, and changing use of the marine resource over time and between the island's two geographically distinct coastlines. Essentially, this project aims to identify the maritime character of Masriah Island noting continuity and change over time and space.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

The "Jewel of Muscat" Project: reconstructing an early ninth-century CE shipwreck - Vosmer, Tom; Belfioretti, Lụca; Staples, Eric; Ghidoni, Alessandro (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2011)
The Jewel of Muscat Project focused on the reconstruction, based on an early ninth-century shipwreck, of a sewn-plank ship excavated in 1998-1999 off Belitung Island, Indonesia. Analysis of the surviving structure indicated that the ship was originally from the western Indian Ocean, and probably the Arabian Peninsula. The project comprehensively documented the research and construction of this vessel in Oman, and the sailing to Singapore. This paper addresses the technical aspects involved with building the 18 m vessel from the inevitably incomplete excavated remains, and compares the archaeological evidence with the modern reconstruction. It examines the methodological issues involved with creating a conceptual bridge between the fields of archaeology and ethnographic boatbuilding. The paper also provides an overview of the navigation and sailing performance of the vessel, documented by modern instruments. The project deepened our understanding of Early Islamic maritime technology and seafaring, while simultaneously documenting the ancient shipbuilding and navigation traditions of the Arabian Peninsula, which are rapidly becoming extinct.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Revisiting Omani Legacy in Malaya through the Royal Kedah Dress: Reassessment - Mansor Majdin, Mohamad Firdaus; Osman, Rahmah Ahmed H.; Fathil, Fauziah; Yaapar, Md. Salleh; Zuheimi, Saleh al- (Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 2022)
This paper seeks to examine the legacy of the Omani presence in the states of Malaysia, which arguably has made itself apparent in the royal dress of the Kedah Sultanate. This discovery indeed calls for further investigation, especially on how the Omani dress later became a model for Kedah royal dress which is famously known as Baju Muskat. Further analysis is essential to determine to what extent did the Kedah Sultanate adopted the Omani dress of the Muscati style and what aspects of the Kedah royal dress resemble the Omani dress substantially. Preliminary research indicates that there are few similarities that one can find between the Omani dress with that of the Kedah royal dress, which is said to be worn by the latter since the 17th century. Reading through the existing literature in the field also reveals one interesting picture that points to the underrepresentation of Omani individuals, merchants, and scholars in the Malay texts as the former tends to describe them, often as Arab traders, or Persian traders. In short, this paper has attempted to explore and examine the above-mentioned circumstances for a better understanding of the subject matter under study through a method of content analysis. Keywords: Well-being, Happiness, Subsistence, Ethical Principles, Arab-Muslim Thought
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Malaisie

Pronominalization and clitic doubling in Syrian and Omani Arabic - Hallman, Peter; Balushi, Rashid al- (Linguistics, 2022)
Abstract This article treats cliticization of a pronoun to a syntactic host and doubling of the clitic pronoun with a non-pronominal counterpart in Syrian and Omani Arabic. Although the two varieties are closely related and the morphological paradigms they display are very similar, the pronominalization and clitic pronoun doubling patterns they display are quite different. We trace this difference to a basic difference in whether the relevant syntactic processes are sensitive to intervention effects in the two dialects, with the result being that the restrictiveness of pronominalization and clitic pronoun doubling patterns parallel the restrictiveness of basic word order patterns – whether double-object constructions are ‘symmetric’ or ‘asymmetric’ – with Syrian being the more restrictive of the two varieties.
Keywords: Linguistique

The Omani Experience of Multi-religious Coexistence and Dialogue: A Historical Approach to the Omani Principles and its Luminous Examples - Maawali, Al Muatasim Said Saif al- (Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 2021)
In a world that is increasingly hostile towards religious minorities, this paper tries to set a modern-day, successful example of multi-religious coexistence and interfaith dialogue. The paper examines historical examples derived from Omani history and explores Omani characteristics by surveying Western reports written by missionaries, visitors, and travellers of different religions in Oman. This is meant to demonstrate the hypothesis that the multi-religious coexistence and interfaith dialogue enjoyed today by the nearly fourmillion Omani population is a natural result of a long history of commitment to ‘Omani values’ and principles, practised by Oman’s Ibāḍī population with their fellow nonMuslims. The paper concludes that there is a strong correlation between the ‘Omani values’ recorded by the Western writers and the ongoing deeply rooted Omani experience of peaceful religious coexistence and interfaith dialogue. These ‘Omani values’ include the principles of tolerance, social justice, mutual respect, friendliness, hospitality, and simplicity. Finally, owing to the increasingly rising tensions between adherents of different religions, the paper recommends that such successful Omani experiences should be exported to other countries in the Muslim world and elsewhere.
Keywords: Tolérance religieuse – Oman

Land Use Dynamics and Mobility Patterns in Muscat Capital Area:Insights from a Detailed Study of Al-Ghubra North - Nebel, Sonja; Didero, Maike; Pfaffenbach, Carmella (Journal of Arabian Studies, 2021)
Keywords: Urbanisme – Oman

Symbiosis and Revolution: The Soviet Encounter with the War in Dhofar - Casula, Philipp (Contemporary European History, 2021)
This article discusses how the Soviet Union perceived and related to Middle Eastern revolutionary movements, using a case study from South Yemen and the War in Dhofar. This specific Soviet encounter will be analysed through selected Soviet material from published and archival sources. The article highlights how Soviet representatives assessed prospects for socialism in Yemen, and how they interacted with their partners on the ground. The article is divided into three parts: the first discusses the theoretical debates in Soviet academia and the press, the second section contrasts these theoretical views with Middle Eastern ‘socialist’ theories during the Cold War and the third shows how a symbiosis developed between Soviet and Yemeni institutions and organisations. The article argues that due to an Orientalist take on South Yemen and Dhofar, the Soviet side could not appreciate the political importance and potential of socialist currents in the region, reducing cooperation to ‘pragmatism’.
Keywords: Dhofar

The rise and ruin of a medieval port town: A reconsideration of the development of Julfar - Carter, Robert Andrew; Zhao, Bing; Lane, Kevin; Velde, Christian (Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, 2020)
Abstract Julfar was a major port town of the Persian Gulf during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries AD. A possession of the Hormuzi empire, it was a lucrative source of taxes and pearls, and a port of trade for northern Oman, tapping into maritime trading networks connecting the Middle East with Africa, India, Southeast Asia and China. The site is found north of modern Ras Al‐Khaimah, UAE. Julfar Al‐Nudud was previously considered to be a late suburb of an urban core, Julfar Al‐Mataf, and is located on a creek opposite the latter. However, excavations in 2010 indicated that Al‐Nudud was part of the original urban core, which had grown up on either side of the creek. Moreover, re‐examination of previous work in Al‐Mataf, where a large mosque and fortification were excavated (by British and French teams), shows that the two areas followed different trajectories. Significant occupation in Al‐Nudud and southern Al‐Mataf (revealed by previous Japanese excavations) ended before the start of the sixteenth century, while use of the mosque and fort in central Al‐Mataf continued into the seventeenth century, albeit discontinuously. A revised concordance of the phases derived from the work of various archaeological teams is therefore proposed.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Exploring Arab and Western visitors’ interpretive experiences at an Omani heritage site: does one size fit all? - Almuhrzi, Hamed; Hughes, Karen; Ballantyne, Roy (Journal of Heritage Tourism, 2020)
Keywords: Tourisme – Oman

The Foundation, Development and Future of the Omani Rentier State: From the Dhofar War to Vision 2040 - Due-Gundersen, Nicolai; Owtram, Francis (Chroniques yéménites, 2022)

Demonstratives in Musandam Arabic: Distinctive Archaisms and Innovations - Anonby, Erik; Bettega, Simone; Procházka, Stephan (Arabica, 2022)
Abstract This study introduces and analyzes proximal and distal singular demonstratives in fourteen varieties of Musandam Arabic, a little-documented dialect group located on Musandam Peninsula in northern Oman and neighbouring areas of the United Arab Emirates. Following an overview of the dialect group in its regional context, the study provides a description of singular demonstratives from the point of view of phono-logy, morphology, and geographical distribution. The study then focuses on two salient features found in several of the varieties under investigation: gender distinction based on consonantal alternation ( d -based masculine forms vs t -based feminine forms); and gemination of the feminine t -element. While the former is attested, albeit rarely, in other Arabic dialects, the latter is unheard of. In the last section of the article, some hypotheses are put forward as to how these forms could have developed from a historical point of view, in light of data from different Arabic and Semitic varieties. While the gemination of the t -element is best regarded as a Musandam-internal innovation, the d : t consonantal alternation reinforces the putative historical link between south-western Arabia and Oman.
Keywords: Linguistique – Oman

Co-designing the pedestrian revolution in Muscat - De Siqueira, Gustavo; Balushi, Amal al- (City, Territory and Architecture, 2020)
Abstract Rapid growth coupled with the prevailing land allocation system in Oman led to a shift from compact dwellings typologies to detached single-family houses, arranged in monofunctional zoning systems that exclusively rely on cars. Due to the sprawled transformation, authorities are unable to provide new neighborhoods with basic infrastructure and attractive open spaces. Consequently, the level of non-communicable diseases is increasing, making urban regeneration programs promoting active lifestyles in built environments a matter of public health. In our research we explore participative-planning strategies to enhance pedestrian activity within existing neighborhoods and regenerate public spaces. We conducted a quantitative survey using a standard walkability scale and physical maps to identify barriers to pedestrian activity. Subsequently, we employed the data to frame culturally sensitive co-creation workshops, gaining in-depth knowledge to guide future redesign proposals. We found that mosques are walking magnets yet engender contrasting views with regard to walkability; finding solutions to the spatial problems could develop them into walkable cores. We also observed that residents were aware of health problems caused by lack of physical activity and how that links with the built environment they inhabit. They were eager to discuss solutions, including alternative governance models, as long as the process was short and produced immediate small interventions with high-level impact on their surroundings. We employed a fine-grained combination of methods to address site-specific challenges. Its quantitative data allows the insertion in a broader discourse and the linkage to a large body of research in walkability. Co-creation workshops, especially city games, proved to be a powerful tool to initiate dialogue on complex spatial negotiation, even in societies where participatory approaches do not have a well-established tradition.
Keywords: Urbanisme – Oman

A Corpus of Illuminated Qurʾāns from Coastal East Africa - Hirji, Zulfikar A. (Journal of Islamic Manuscripts, 2023)
This article examines a little-known corpus of illuminated Qurʾān manuscripts that were produced between ca. 1750–ca. 1850 in the Swahili city-states of Pate, Siyu, and Faza on Pate Island in the Lamu archipelago (Kenya). Now dispersed in collections in Kenya, Tanzania, Oman, the UK, and the USA, the manuscripts have many distinctive features: decorative frontispieces, sūra titles, basmalas, and division and prostration markers; locally developed Arabic script styles; colophons containing names of copyists and completion dates; endowment dedications; northern Italian-made paper; and, blind-stamped, leather covers. The list of known manuscripts presented in the appendix is aimed at encouraging the identification, digitization, and study of other manuscripts in the corpus. The study of their content, materiality, and contexts of production can advance scholarship on the histories of Islamic manuscript production in coastal East Africa and provide comparative material for manuscript studies in other regions of Eastern Africa and the Indian Ocean.
Keywords: Manuscrits – Zanzibar

Ship graffiti at the Zanzibar Gereza (Old Fort), Stone Town, Unguja, Tanzania - Cooper, John P.; Ghidoni, Alessandro (Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa, 2022)
Keywords: Archéologie – Zanzibar

Security in the Gulf: The View from Oman - Bahgat, Gawdat (Middle East Policy, 2023)
For a long time, analysts of the Middle East have justifiably focused their attention on Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, three Gulf states holding massive hydrocarbon deposits and financial resources. Their leaders are the main “movers and shakers” of regional affairs and enjoy tremendous influence on the international scene. Still, other Gulf states play significant roles in shaping the Middle East's economic and strategic landscape. Such is the case with Oman, which has been a major US ally in most regional crises and has played a crucial role in mediating Gulf conflicts. This article, based on several visits to the sultanate and interviews with senior officials, analyzes the domestic, regional, and international dynamics being navigated by Sultan Haitham bin Tarik, who succeeded Sultan Qaboos bin Said in January 2020. The argument is that the new Omani leader is likely to follow the domestic and foreign policies of his predecessor, with minor adjustments. Oman may witness major changes when Crown Prince Theyazin succeeds his father. For now, given the crucial role Muscat plays in mediating regional conflicts, the sultanate expects more attention from its counterparts in Washington.
Keywords: Vie politique – Oman – 1970-2020

Oman: Recent Developments in the Protection of the Rights of Migrant Workers and of Women - Kanchana, Radhika (Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online, 2023)
Abstract This survey is a review listing some key legislative and executive measures of the government of Oman in the year 2021–2022, which have relevance to mainly the rights of the migrant workers. Further, and in less detail, this survey also refers to some of the developments pertinent to the rights of women living in Oman. However, more generally these rights are less relevant to women who are not Omani nationals. Oman is a member country of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). The GCC comprises six states in the Arab-Gulf region: Oman, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Kuwait, Qatar and Saudi Arabia. These oil-producing states have a significant proportion of foreign workforce in the population. Foreign workers work mostly in the private sector and are also residents in the host countries. At 46.5 per cent, Oman has a relatively lower proportion of migrants in its population among the GCC members (UN DESA, 2020). Therefore, a broader spectrum of governments’ measures relating to the issues like labour, entry and residence, and ownership of property or business touch the lives of the foreign/migrant workers or expatriates in the Gulf country. Governments’ initiatives targeting domestic workers are relevant also for women because they comprise the majority in this group. The survey notes that most of the governmental activity in Oman in the past year largely concern new laws or amendments of the existing legislation and regulations linked to labour and residency matters. Some of the more relevant ones that the survey has selected here confirms this. It also marks the period post the pandemic, which had posed considerable economic challenge for the government. Hence, as also some neighbouring Gulf countries, Oman has shown a balance of measures. On the one hand, to revive its economic dynamism and competitiveness by facilitating more ease and benefits to attract and retain foreign labour and investment in the country. On the other hand, with measures such as increased nationalization effort and support expressly favouring the national workforce to boost their more active participation in the labour market. The new labour law declared by the Omani government and its signing of the Maritime Labour Convention are a few notable highlights. The survey has essentially drawn on the government’s documents and announcements as available in English or translated text, in addition to information in the press and other relevant sources.

China against US Imperialism in the Arabian Sea: The Case of Oman - Matar, Linda; Kadri, Ali (Middle East Critique, 2023)
When Oman joined China’s Belt and Road Initiative to pursue economic diversification, the US intervened to stop it. Although the foundation stone for Chinese investment plans was laid in 2017, these projects were put on hold, while the US rushed to bolster its military presence in Oman. The article studies Chinese investment in Oman, accounts for what has developed so far, and highlights the reasons for which the US acted to stem the potential of non-oil development in Oman. The disruption of the China-Oman diversification project resembles the US’s targeting of China’s policy of expansion by mutual cooperation elsewhere, but with a twist: Oman sits close to two vital chokepoints, the Bab Al-Mandeb and the Hormuz straits. The article argues that such obstruction is central to the US’s mode of accumulation by militarism. Keeping Oman from auto-developing and building its autonomy makes of it a pliable client state ready to serve as an imperialist post to empire.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Chine

Oman - Wigley, Thomas (Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online, 2023)
Keywords: Droit – Oman

Strategic Belonging: Hindu Identity and Performance in Oman - Mehta, Sandhya Rao (Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, 2022)
This study focuses on the multiple ways in which the Hindu community in Oman negotiates its religious identity in an Islamic country by strategically using its historic mercantile relations with the ruling families, maximising the use of public-private spaces, and creating and participating in transnational networks as ways to cope with state restrictions. Using Vertovec’s notion of ‘complexifying complex diasporas,’ this study examines how Hindus, while being publicly ‘invisible,’ have been able to possess a continuing cultural platform which is leveraged to acquire opportunities for religious performance. However, challenges to such strategic belonging have been rising rapidly with the rise of right wing Hindu ideology within and outside India. The repercussions of the establishment of a Hindu state in India on its diaspora, particularly in an officially Muslim country, are rife with challenges. Alternative strategies may have to be explored by the community to assert its identity and religious practices, as well as secure its future in Oman.

Assimilating the Heterogeneity of Migrant Populations through a National Past: Transforming a Shiʿa Minority Community in Post-Nationalist Oman - Sachedina, Amal (Anthropological Quarterly, 2022)
Scholarship on the Arab Gulf region often links heritage production with technologies of state pedagogy in its efforts to fix the spatial boundaries of a nation and entrench authoritarian rule. Yet, such a modular explanation ignores pressing questions regarding how statist narratives domesticate heterogeneous populations and regulate social difference. This paper explores the ways in which official accounts of the historical past have interpellated the material traces of diasporic communities, specifically the enclave of a minority community in Oman, the al-Lawati with links to the Sind region of the Indian sub-continent. The Sur al Lawati, a fortified residential enclosure of the Al Lawati community, draws from Gujarati traditional architecture rather than the surrounding Muscat cityscape. The sur (enclosure) has been mobilized as a token of the nation's pluralist history as an Indian Ocean trading power. This is consistent with Oman's expanding culture industry, which since the 1970s has generated history-making practices to sediment a homogenous Arab and general Islamic identity. However, using archival and ethnographic research, I argue that the enclave's material presence has presided over the complexities of a more entangled history in which the boundaries of this community of merchants and retailers have been reconfigured over the course of the 20th century. The very act of incorporating the sur and its residents into the history of a national people is grounded on the one hand in celebrating a cosmopolitan past as a sea-faring nation that traversed the Indian Ocean waters. On the other hand, it is also tethered to a sense of the past shaped by such categories as the "Arab tribe" and a "generic Islam" Both histories become an exercise of selectivity. They involve gaps, disjunctures, and diversity at the core of what passes as a unifying history of a sovereign nation.

The Maritime Silk Road: Implications for Oman’s Foreign Policy - Tekir, Gökhan (Ortadoğu Etütleri, 2022)
This study seeks to analyze the implications of Oman’s participation in the Maritime Silk Road, which is the maritime component of the Belt and Road Initiative, announced in 2013 by the President of the People’s Republic of China, Xi Jinping. Sultan Qaboos has transformed Oman from an isolated and backward country to an active political mediator in the region. Oman’s neutral stance and diplomatic connections with every political actor in the region differentiate Oman from the rest of the Gulf countries. Geographically, Oman is situated in the intersection of the Persian Gulf, the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean. Historically, Oman ruled South Asian and East African coasts, extending its influence. The geographical position and historical legacy make Oman as a key country for the Maritime Silk Road. Thus, participation of Oman in the Belt and Road Initiative is invaluable in the eyes of the Chinese policymakers. Omani policymakers, who want to diversify Oman’s economy, welcome Chinese investments. However, increasing Chinese involvement in Oman’s economy might harm Oman’s sovereignty because of Chinese practice of using debts as exerting pressure on the lending states’ sovereignty. Moreover, the intensified competition between the USA and China in the Indian Ocean could compromise Oman’s neutral stance. Yet, Sultan Qaboos’ legacy is followed by Omani policymakers. While benefiting Chinese economic investments, Oman performs balancing acts against China.
Keywords: Vie politique – Oman – 1970-2020

Oman - Wigley, Thomas (Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online, 2022)
Keywords: Droit – Oman

Fulayj: a Sasanian and early Islamic fort in the Sohar hinterland - Priestman, Seth (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2023)
Until 2018 knowledge of al‑ʿUlā County’s archaeology had been limited to a few key sites. Since then, an extensive archaeological landscape survey has been conducted on behalf of the Royal Commission for AlUla (RCU) across a large area (3302 km2) centred in and around the al‑ʿUlā valley (excluding the oasis and the key heritage sites of Dadan, Ḥegrā (al‑Ḥijr), Qurḥ (al‑Mābiyāt), and Old Town), as a part of the broader Identification and Documentation of Immovable Heritage Assets (IDIHA) survey. The IDIHA project aims to identify heritage assets in advance of the anticipated increase in visitors and facilitate further research. Data collected through remote sensing and ground recording of sites has been integrated into a customized heritage geodatabase. Over 16,000 sites have been recorded in the main al‑ʿUlā valley over three years by the ground survey, demonstrating an intensive occupation of the area from the Palaeolithic through to the present, including a rich range of domestic, agro-pastoral (including water management), funerary, defensive, ritual/religious, infrastructure/transport, productive and hunting sites, as well as communication/artistic (rock art and inscriptions — the largest category in terms of overall numbers of sites). In parallel with the survey, targeted excavations explored a selection of mostly late prehistoric sites and feature types in order to develop an understanding of the chrono-cultural development of the landscape, adding considerable data to our knowledge of the archaeology of north-western Arabia.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Petrographic and geochemical analyses of pottery from Wadi Tanuf, Oman: Approaching pottery production in south‐eastern Arabia during the second and first millennia BCE - Miki, Takehiro; Kuronuma, Taichi; MacDonald, Brandi L.; Glascock, Michael D.; Kondo, Yasuhisa (Archaeometry, 2024)
Abstract This study describes the petrographic and geochemical characteristics of pottery collected from Mugharat al‐Kahf and WTN02 in Wadi Tanuf, north‐central Oman, to clarify interregional similarities and differences in pottery production techniques and examine the existence of interregional trade in pottery with respect to changes in mobile communities. Potsherds from these sites were characterised using thin‐section petrography and instrumental neutron activation analysis. Results revealed that several clay fabrics and tempers were used during the Wadi Suq period (2000–1600 BCE). A region‐wide similarity exists in pottery‐making techniques in terms of the tempering of specific minerals (Oman ophiolite) used in the Early Iron Age (1300–300 BCE). Geochemical results indicate differences in clay sources between the Wadi Suq period and the Early Iron Age in Wadi Tanuf and the unlikelihood of the interregional trade of domestic pottery.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Breaking the Strategic Glass: The Carter Administration and Oman, 1977–1980 - White, Jr., John Bernell (Journal of Cold War Studies, 2024)
When Jimmy Carter became the U.S. president in January 1977, the United States and Oman did not have any formal security arrangements, apart from occasional landings of U.S. military aircraft on Oman's Masirah Island. Although Oman's leader, Sultan Qaboos bin Said, hoped to establish closer security ties with the United States, the Carter administration chose to continue President Richard Nixon's policy of relying on the “twin pillars” of Iran and Saudi Arabia to reinforce Western security in the Persian/Arabian Gulf region. Oman remained mostly a strategic afterthought until a series of crises unfolded in the greater Middle East: a Communist coup in Afghanistan in April 1978, the fall of the Shah of Iran in January 1979, and a war between Marxist South Yemen and North Yemen shortly thereafter. In November 1979, Iranian terrorists backed by the Islamic regime stormed the U.S. embassy in Tehran and seized dozens of hostages. This was followed a month later by the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. With the fall of the Shah and the collapse of the “twin pillars” policy, the Carter administration began a sustained effort to create a Rapid Deployment Force for the Middle East and to gain access to Oman's strategic military facilities. After several months of arduous negotiations, Carter and his team were able to conclude a Facilities Access Agreement with Oman in June 1980, a transformative process that gave Washington the ability to insert U.S. military personnel into the Gulf and Indian Ocean on a contingency basis. The Carter administration's effort stands as a significant achievement, converting Oman into the most reliable U.S. ally in the Gulf region in the 1980s.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Etats-Unis

Boats, horses, and moorings: maritime activities at al-Balīd in the medieval period - Ghidoni, Alessandro; Pavan, Alexia (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2022)
The importance of the medieval city of al-Balīd and its harbour was mentioned in many different sources, and mirrored by a large number of finds and pottery that confirm a primary role of the port as a pivotal hub in Indian Ocean trade during the pre-modern Islamic period (tenth–fifteenth century AD). This paper will examine maritime activities at al-Balīd from a different perspective, combining recent data from the study of ship timbers discovered at the site with the archaeological record, along with evidence of possible harbour facilities. The study of the ship timbers has provided invaluable information about the technology, size, material, type, and function of the watercraft involved in the trade at al-Balīd. The reuse of these timbers in a terrestrial context also alludes to a variety of activities carried out at the site, such as boatbuilding, maintenance, repair, and salvaging. Collectively, this data yields useful insights into the relationship between the different vessels operating at al-Balīd and the structure of the site itself, mainly in connection with one of the most lucrative commercial activities at the port city — the trade of Arabian horses.
Keywords: Navigation – Oman

Storytelling an eco-Islamic future/past: Oral tradition(s), environmentalism and personal responsibility in the Omani public sphere - Curtis, Maria F. (Performing Islam, 2022)
During the global COVID-19 pandemic, the Omani government relied heavily on circulating information and entertainment through multiple forms of social media to keep citizens informed and to promote social distancing. This study explores the 2021 Ramadan Instagram campaign created by Be’ah, the Oman Environmental Services Holding Company, which blended performance genres and Omani traditional storytelling. This case study examines ‘multiplex’ hybrid styles of verbal art that mirrored governmental policy and practice across social media and created a forum where citizens discussed identity, national heritage and what it means to be eco-conscious. A central question in this research concerns the possibilities for social media as a space to communicate, preserve and archive local linguistic diversity and vernacular performative genres.

The Fading of Yearnings for Liberation and Passage When the Bet on Love Is Lost: A Study of the Memoirs and Letters of an Arabian Princess - El-Fakki El-Bashir, Abdalla (Hawwa, 2020)
This paper presents a study of the memoirs and letters of Princess Sālima bt. Saʿīd (d. 1922), whose father, Saʿīd b. Sulṭān (d. 1856), was the ruler of Oman and Zanzibar from 1832 to 1856. One hundred and fifty years ago, the princess entered into a relationship with a young German man, Rudolph Ruete. After the princess fell pregnant, putting her in conflict with the stipulations of her Islamic religion, she decided to elope with her lover and to bet on him. The paper argues that the princess was a revolutionary woman in opposition to traditional Zanzibari culture, and that her story highlights clearly the issue of women and the crisis of freedom in Arab and Islamic culture during that time.
Keywords: Littérature – Zanzibar

Operation Intradon in the Musandam,1970-1971: what this counterinsurgency operation says about British military operations in the Arabian Gulf - Yates, Athol; Hughes, Geraint (Small Wars & Insurgencies, 2022)
Keywords: Dhofar

Power, Narrative, and Magical Realism in Hudā Ḥamad’s Sindrīllāt Masqaṭ - Aljomaa, Mervat (Journal of Arabic Literature, 2023)
This article examines the narrative and literary techniques employed in Hudā Ḥamad’s Sindrīllāt Masqaṭ to draw on Omani women’s experiences of writing and speaking as sources of empowerment and narrative identity. Marking a shift from the dominant realistic and historical fiction often associated with male writers, Ḥamad experiments with magical realism, the carnivalesque, intertextuality, and metafiction to reconfigure the novelistic genre beyond the national prescriptions of literary production. Through the voice of the narrator, alongside the voices of other ordinary women, the novel underscores the significance of women’s symbolic practices within the societal and cultural boundaries of Oman. In an allegory of writing—a major thread running throughout the novel—the narrator/writer seeks to combine the composite, multiple, and fictional fragments of various women’s stories into a single readable text that preserves oral and cultural memory. Thus, on the one hand, this article explores the writer’s experimentation with narrative and storytelling within the context of the Omani literary tradition. On the other hand, it examines modes of women’s empowerment that work through articulative and enunciative practices in the face of linguistic frustration.
Keywords: Littérature – Oman

The Omani Prince in the Search for Protectors. Abdulaziz bin Said’s Struggle for Power and Money in the Time of Growing British Dominance in the Indian Ocean Region - Żbik, Sebastian (Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History, 2022)
Abdulaziz Al-Busaidi was the younger son of the Omani ruler Said bin Sultan. He devoted all his life to gain power and secure a source of income for himself. To achieve this, he formed alliances and sought powerful protectors. Among them were the British who supported him for almost fifty years, both as a potential heir to the thrones of Oman and Zanzibar and as a tool in their imperial policy. Although Abdulaziz’ political projects failed because of the British and his inability to cooperate with prospective allies, his actions greatly affected the history of Oman and Zanzibar in the second half of the nineteenth century.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Royaume-Uni

Archaeobotanical analysis of food and fuel procurement from Fulayj fort (Oman, 5th-8th c. CE) including the earliest secure evidence for sorghum in Eastern Arabia - Dabrowski, Vladimir; Bouchaud, Charlène; Tengberg, Margareta; Zazzo, Antoine; Priestman, Seth (Journal of Arid Environments, 2021)
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Documenting the most widely utilized plants and the potential threats facing ethnobotanical practices in the Western Hajar Mountains, sultanate of Oman - Hatmi, Saif al-; Lupton, Darach A. (Journal of Arid Environments, 2021)

Evaluating the Resonance of Official Islam in Oman, Jordan, and Morocco - Sheline, Annelle R. (Religions, 2021)
Acts of political violence carried out by Muslim individuals have generated international support for governments that espouse so-called “moderate Islam” as a means of preventing terrorism. Governments also face domestic skepticism about moderate Islam, especially if the alteration of official Islam is seen as resulting from external pressure. By evaluating the views of individuals that disseminate the state’s preferred interpretation of Islam—members of the religious and educational bureaucracy—this research assesses the variation in the resonance of official Islam in three different Arab monarchies: Oman, Jordan, and Morocco. The evidence suggests that if official Islam is consistent with earlier content and directed internally as well as externally, it is likely to resonate. Resonance was highest in Oman, as religious messaging about toleration was both consistent over time and directed internally, and lowest in Jordan, where the content shifted and foreign content differed from domestic. In Morocco, messages about toleration were relatively consistent, although the state’s emphasis on building a reputation for toleration somewhat undermined its domestic credibility. The findings have implications for understanding states’ ability to shift their populations’ views on religion, as well as providing greater nuance for interpreting the capacity of state-sponsored rhetoric to prevent violence.

Community-led initiatives for the rehabilitation and management of vernacular settlements in Oman: a phenomenon in the making - Naima, Benkari (Built Heritage, 2021)
Once abandoned for more than three decades, vernacular settlements in Oman are now being progressively reinvested in to foster the country’s heritage tourism sector. The present research focuses on the emerging phenomenon of community-led initiatives for vernacular heritage rehabilitation and adaptive reuse in Oman. Through an examination of three case studies, its aim is to describe this process and its modes of action and discuss its effects on vernacular settlement transformations. A mixed research methodology was designed to include (A) analyses of relevant primary and secondary data, (B) documented onsite observations, (C) interviews with local community representatives and key players in the operations of rehabilitation, and (D) extractions and analyses of quantitative data from a hotel booking website. The research sheds light on unsuspected interrelations within and between the projects being implemented in these settlements and their operating modes. It reveals the focal role of a local community in a kind of ‘bottom-up’ management of its built heritage, coupled with a ‘horizontal cooperation’ between the three initiatives studied in this research. Moreover, it shows that a heavily centralised and top-down policy for the field of heritage conservation and management is among the main obstacles that hinder such initiatives. Furthermore, community-led operations of vernacular heritage rehabilitation are being undertaken under insufficient regulations in terms of land use, building restoration and adaptive reuse. In this context, the paper discusses some of the serious threats and concerns faced by such initiatives and proposes actionable solutions to mitigate these hindrances.
Keywords: Monuments – Oman

Functions and Uses of Active and Passive Participial Forms in Al-'Awābī District Vernacular of Northern Oman - Morano, Roberta (Al-ʿArabiyya: Journal of the American Association of Teachers of Arabic, 2020)
This article investigates the use and functions of the active and passive participial forms in the Omani vernacular spoken in al-'Awābī district, in al-Bāṭina region of northern Oman. This dialect was first described by Carl Reinhardt in 1894. No sections of his work, however, deal with the analysis of functions of participial forms in the dialect, although they are common in his texts. The data presented in this article aim to show the uses of the active participle in the everyday speech of my participants living in al-'Awābī district and the different syntactic and semantic functions it conveys. The syntactic functions of the participle in Arabic linguistics has long been debated since it is neither completely a verbal form nor a nominal. This article fits into this discussion as it brings new data and analysis of active and passive participles in Arabic dialectology with regard to the Omani vernacular spoken in al-'Awābī district.
Keywords: Linguistique – Oman

“bi-ḥaddihi wa-ḥudūdihi" - remarks on three water sale contracts from Balad Sīt, a mountain oasis in northern Oman - Hoffmann-Ruf, Michaela (Nouvelles Chroniques du Manuscrit au Yémen, 2020)

Kinship and a counter‐hegemonic social order: former revolutionaries in southern Oman - Wilson, Alice (Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 2020)
Les réinterprétations critiques des travaux en anthropologie de la parenté ont remis en question les idées antérieures selon lesquelles les relations de parenté reflètent et reproduisent un ordre social dominant. Pourtant, les études consacrées aux nouvelles formes de parenté tendent à montrer que celles‐ci peuvent reproduire des idées traditionnelles concernant la famille, les valeurs et les hiérarchies sociales. Pour résister aux tendances actuelles liant la parenté à une reproduction sociale conservatrice, une piste prometteuse est la meilleure compréhension des circonstances dans lesquelles les relations de parenté reproduisent un ordre social anti‐hégémonique. Parmi les anciens militants du mouvement de libération révolutionnaire, aujourd'hui vaincu, de Dufar, dans le sultanat d'Oman, les pratiques de parenté visualisent des réseaux et relations entre anciens combattants qui transgressent les hiérarchies tribales, ethniques, raciales et genrées dominantes. Ces pratiques montrent comment, même dans les circonstances peu propices de la défaite politique et de la marginalisation, les relations de parenté peuvent reproduire un ordre social anti‐hégémonique, tout en offrant une rémanence sociale à la révolution vaincue.
Keywords: Dhofar

Contemporary Pastoralism in the Dhofar Mountains of Oman - Ball, Lawrence; MacMillan, Douglas; Tzanopoulos, Joseph; Spalton, Andrew; Hikmani, Hadi al-; Moritz, Mark (Human Ecology, 2020)
In the Dhofar Mountains of Oman stakeholders are concerned about the social and ecological sustainability of pastoralism. In this study we used interviews with pastoralists to examine the prevailing drivers of pastoralism and how they are changing. We find that people are committed to pastoralism for sociocultural reasons but also that this commitment is under pressure because of husbandry costs and changing values. We find that capital investment in feedstuff enables pastoralists to overcome the density-dependent regulation of livestock populations. However, high production costs deter investment in marketing and commercialization, and there is little off take of local livestock. Our study reveals how pastoral values, passed down within households, motivate pastoralists in the face of high husbandry costs, modernization and social change.
Keywords: Nomadisme – Oman

Oman : une politique de logement pour forger un État-nation moderne - Klinger, Thibaut (Naqd, 2020)
En 1970, Qābūs devient sultan d’Oman par un coup d’Etat qui renverse son père avec l’appui des Britanniques, principalement en vue de moderniser le pays : cette politique est qualifiée de « renaissance bienheureuse » ou « Nahḍa ». La politique du logement est le levier majeur de cette action, et prend la forme principale de la promotion de la maison individuelle sur parcelle de terrain octroyée par le souverain. Ce choix est au cœur de la redistribution de la manne pétrolière et de l’objectif de justice sociale qui légitime le pouvoir royal. S’il a des points communs avec ceux des pays voisins, le dispositif omanais se distingue en ciblant l’ensemble de la population de nationalité omanaise. Cette politique du logement a permis de faire accéder la population à une vie urbaine moderne, mais elle n’est pas sans poser de nombreuses questions aujourd’hui, en particulier sur le plan de la cohésion sociale ou d’un étalement urbain problématique face à l’objectif de développement durable.
Keywords: Urbanisme – Oman

On the fiqh of Education – Traditional School Organisation and Religious Pedagogy in Oman. The Example of Shaykh Jāʿid b. Khamīs al-Kharūṣī (d. 1237/1822) and fiqh al-madrasa - Bouzenita, Anke Iman; Jabri, Khalfan al- (Hikma: Journal of Islamic Theology and Religious Education, 2021)
Keywords: Enseignement – Oman

Forging Nationalism Through Heritage in Oman - Sachedina, Amal (Current History, 2021)
During his five-decade reign, Sultan Qaboos bin Said relied on heritage as a key tool for nation-building. Old forts and objects central to Omani traditional culture like the coffee urn and the ceremonial dagger became symbols of a unifying national ethos. At the same time, their former political significance was downplayed. But some Omanis have held onto memories of a different conception of the past. And now, after the sultan’s death in 2020, heritage is becoming more of a privatized business sector.
Keywords: Monuments – Oman

Deterrence through Diplomacy: Oman's Dialogue Facilitation Initiatives during the Yemeni Civil War - Ramani, Samuel (Middle East Journal, 2021)
In contrast to other states in the Gulf Cooperation Council, Oman has declined to participate in the Saudi-led military intervention in Yemen and has opted to facilitate dialogue between the conflict's warring parties. Oman has embraced a strategy of diplomatic deterrence in Yemen, facilitating dialogue to counter the perceived threats that Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates pose to its foreign policy independence. The article explores how the Sultanate's diplomatic deterrence strategy manifests at the local, regional, and international levels, building on English- and Arabic-language source material and interviews.
Keywords: Vie politique – Oman – 1970-2020

Following His Majesty’s Directives: Corporate Generosity, Social Responsibility, and State Making in Oman - Steiner, Robin Thomas (Anthropological Quarterly, 2021)
, ABSTRACT:, This article investigates the social and political effects of the introduction of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Oman. With oil reserves dwindling, Oman faces the challenge of transforming a society and economy long dependent on distributive state spending into a diversified economy capable of continuing the nation’s prosperity after oil. As a seemingly market-based solution to the problem of “too much” government, CSR has been championed by officials and practitioners as a tool to empower private sector businesses to replace the state as a provider of welfare and services. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with members of Oman’s business community, state officials, and others, this article challenges these presumptions, demonstrating that CSR has been implemented in Oman in ways that perpetuate the nation’s dependence on oil revenues and distributive state subsidies. Pointing out that the Omani state’s subsidy-driven development has long relied on the incentivized collaboration of private sector businesses, this article argues that the introduction of CSR in Oman has occurred in ways that resonate with older practices of corporate generosity. Instead of introducing market-based alternatives to state-guided subsidies, CSR has been instituted in Oman in ways that allow the state to leverage private sector organizations to extend its distributive reach. In conversation with scholarship on the role of neoliberal discourses and practices in the diversification efforts of states of the Arab Gulf, this article highlights the discrepancy between development plans and their outcomes to demonstrate how seemingly neoliberal interventions may be co-opted to achieve alternative ends.

Counterproxy: Sonallah Ibrahim’s Warda and the revolution in Oman - Rasberry, Vaughn (Representations, 2023)
Keywords: Littérature – Oman

The Wolf: The Last Remnants of the age of Sail in Southern Oman - Staples, Eric; Weismann, Norbert; Dziamski, Piotr; Ghidoni, Alessandro; Haar, Lilli; Vosmer, Tom (International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, 2022)
This article looks at a specific southern Arabian sailing vessel named the Wolf (al-Dhi’b), in order to better understand the life of a coastal trader on the southern Arabian coast that lived in the last days of commercial sail. Vessels such as the Wolf carried local products such as sardines, abalone and frankincense to northern Oman and Yemen, returning with dates and necessary foodstuffs shipped to Aden from India and East Africa. The article examines the remains of the Wolf, based on data from multiple documentation surveys, in conjunction with information gained from oral history interviews in order to highlight the central role that vessels such as the Wolf played in the maritime economic and social networks of the region.
Keywords: Navigation – Oman

العلاقات العثمانية-العمانية خلال حصار كريم خان الزند للبصرة (1775-1777م) في ضوء رسالة همايونية مرسلة من السلطان عبد الحميد الأول إلى حاكم عُمان الأمام أحمد بن سعيد - الطراونة, محمد سالم; البوسعيدي, إبراهيم بن يحيى; العلوي, بدر بن هلال; خيراني, صلاح (حوليات آداب عين شمس, 2024)
تتناول هذه الدراسة العلاقات العثمانية-العُمانية أثناء حصار حاكم إيران كريم خان الزند للبصرة العثمانية، بناءً على الرسالة الهمايونية من السلطان العثماني عبد الحميد الأول إلى حاكم عُمان الإمام أحمد بن سعيد البوسعيدي.وقد جاءت الرسالة ضمن جُمْلة من المراسلات المتبادلة بين حاكمي الدولتين،وهي تُعَدُّ دليلًا على العلاقات التليدة بين الدولة العثمانية والدولة العُمانية، التي كانت تقوم على التنسيق والتعاون المشترك لخدمة المصالح العُليا في كلا البلدين، على أساسمن الاحترام المتبادل، وإقرار كل طرف وتقديرهلِما يؤدّيه الطرف الآخر من دور في حفظ الأمن، والتصدّي للمخاطر المُحدِقة بهما. وممّا يزيد من أهمية الدراسة هو اشتمالها على العديد من الوثائق الأرشيفية التي تُؤرِّخ للعلاقات السياسية والعسكرية بين الدولة العثمانية والدولة العُمانية وَفق رؤية جديدة ونظرة استشرافية.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Empire ottoman

Survivre et témoigner de la déportation Saïd ben Bakir ben Kacem, le marchand de charbon - Bakir, Abismaïl (Naqd, 2024)
Keywords: Biographies – Mzab – 20e siècle; Emigration – Mzab – Nouvelle-Calédonie

شهادة عائد من سجن كايان بن قاسم, بائع الفحم - بكير, أبي إسماعيل (Naqd, 2024)
Keywords: Biographies – Mzab – 20e siècle; Emigration – Mzab – Algérie; Mouvement national – Mzab

تمثّلات "الحواريّة" وجماليتها في رواية "همس الجسور" لـ "علي المعمريّ" - الشرجي, علي بن شافي بن علي (مجلة الاندلس للعلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية, 2024)
Keywords: Littérature – Oman

From old to modern socio-cultural transformation in Oman in the novel of Sayyidātul Qomar by Jukhah Al-Hāriṡy - Laluhun, Putri (Journal of Religion and Linguistics, 2024)
This study aims to describe the aspects of socio-cultural transformation from old to modern and to explain the process of socio-cultural change in Oman through Sayyidātul Qomar's novel by using a socio-cultural approach and socio-cultural theory by Koentjaningrat. The object of this research is the novel Sayyidātul Qomar by Jukhah Al-ḥāriṡy, which was published by the publisher Dār al-Ādāb in 2010 in Beirut, Lebanon. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method using data collection techniques in the form of a literature study. The results showed that the aspects of socio-cultural transformation that occurred in Oman in the novel were the religious/belief system, society, education/knowledge, economy, government and technology, and life equipment. The process of socio-cultural transformation from old to modern is divided into two, namely, the driving factors for the transformation and the problems/conflicts in the transformation process. These driving factors include political factors (changes in the power system), economic crises (trade crises), feminism (women's struggles for their rights as women), and open society systems (birth of new generations). These problems/conflicts include the conflict between science and the supernatural, the rebels and the Omani government, the human world and the Jinn, and the enslaver and enslaved person.
Keywords: Littérature – Oman

La Tunisie : d’une destination du tourisme de masse aux challenges de lancement des destinations par les territoires - Hellal, Mohamed (Études caribéennes, 2024)
La Tunisie, qui est connue comme étant une destination du tourisme de masse, a été peu résiliente face aux crises. Ainsi, en rapport au changement de la demande qui est devenue plus sensible à l’authenticité de lieux, nous assistons à des challenges de lancement des destinations par les territoires. À cet effet, un nouveau paradigme de développement touristique est en train de challenger, il s’agit des DMO qui se présentent comme de nouvelles structures de gouvernance qui permettent le développement touristique par le territoire : en termes de marketing et de gestion. La « destination Dahar » s’avère une expérience pionnière pour développer un tourisme durable dans un territoire authentique à l’intérieur de la Tunisie. Par ailleurs, la « Destination Djerba » constitue un challenge de relancer une nouvelle image d’une zone du tourisme balnéaire de masse en fin de cycle. Ces deux expériences sont portées par les acteurs territoriaux qui sont soutenus par des organismes étrangers de coopération internationale.
Number: 57-58
Keywords: Tourisme – Djerba

Cultural Heritage Conservation as a Driving Force toward Sustainable Water Management in Djerba Island - Ben Youssef, Sarra (Blue Papers, 2024)
The island of Djerba is a tourist destination in the southeastern semi-arid region of Tunisia. Especially during peak tourism seasons, it experiences severe pressure on its water supply. Given the island’s historical water scarcity, locals have developed solutions to address the shortage, with one of the most notable being the rainwater harvesting and storage system. This system has evolved intricately over time, with meticulous attention to construction details, material selection, maintenance, and management strategies. This article posits that embracing and disseminating traditional rainwater harvesting knowledge can play a pivotal role in achieving sustainable water management. It also raises the question of whether fostering cultural heritage through a sustainable tourism orientation, aimed at highlighting heritage, aligns with this objective.
Number: 1
Keywords: Monuments – conservation – Djerba; Tourisme – Djerba

L’olivier des œufs, témoin de l’autonomie financière de la femme djerbienne - Ben Salah, Imed (Journal of Afro-Asian Studies, 2024)
Keywords: Moeurs et coutumes – Djerba

Studies in the Flora of Arabia: Xxxv. New Records from the Sultanate of Oman - Hatmi, Saif al-; Hinai, Abdulrahman al-; Qassabi, Zawan al-; Zahrani, Ali Mohammed al-; Knees, Sabina (Edinburgh Journal of Botany, 2024)
Two species are newly reported for the Arabian Peninsula and eight new records for the Sultanate of Oman. Brief comments are provided on the phytogeography and ecology of these species. Most new records have been made from the botanically very poorly known or unexplored mountainous areas of northern Oman, including Musandam and poorly collected areas in Dhofar. These additional records raise the total number of known taxa in the national flora of Oman to 1417.
Keywords: Botanique – Oman

The Search for Petroleum in The Sultanate of Oman – The First 120 Years - Heward, Alan P.; Morton, Michael Quentin; Kindi, Mohammed al- (Geological Society Special Publications, 2025)
This is a story of failure and success, of disappointment and elation. World wars, a market glutted with cheap oil and geologists unable to access areas of interest hampered the search. Early expeditions provided the first maps of the mountains and Dhofar, and glimpses of the geology of the interior, but no evidence of oil.
Keywords: Géologie – Oman; Pétrole – Oman

Adam R. Gaiser, Sectarianism in Islam: The Umma Divided, Themes in Islamic History, xii, 237 pp., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2023, ISBN 9781009325042. - Bernheimer, Teresa (Der Islam, 2024)
Keywords: Recension

Understanding the genomic heterogeneity of North African Imazighen: from broad to microgeographical perspectives - Vilà-Valls, Laura; Abdeli, Amine; Lucas-Sánchez, Marcel; Bekada, Asmahan; Calafell, Francesc; Benhassine, Traki; Comas, David (Scientific Reports, 2024)
The strategic location of North Africa has led to cultural and demographic shifts, shaping its genetic structure. Historical migrations brought different genetic components that are evident in present-day North African genomes, along with autochthonous components. The Imazighen (plural of Amazigh) are believed to be the descendants of autochthonous North Africans and speak various Amazigh languages, which belong to the Afro-Asiatic language family. However, the arrival of different human groups, especially during the Arab conquest, caused cultural and linguistic changes in local populations, increasing their heterogeneity. We aim to characterize the genetic structure of the region, using the largest Amazigh dataset to date and other reference samples. Our findings indicate microgeographical genetic heterogeneity among Amazigh populations, modeled by various admixture waves and different effective population sizes. A first admixture wave is detected group-wide around the twelfth century, whereas a second wave appears in some Amazigh groups around the nineteenth century. These events involved populations with higher genetic ancestry from south of the Sahara compared to the current North Africans. A plausible explanation would be the historical trans-Saharan slave trade, which lasted from the Roman times to the nineteenth century. Furthermore, our investigation shows that assortative mating in North Africa has been rare.
Keywords: Génétique – Afrique du Nord

Hydraulic of sustainable groundwater resources, aflaj in Oman, using meshless numerical method - Mohtashami, Ali; Ghafri, Abdullah Saif Al- (Acta Geophysica, 2024)
Aflaj refers to a traditional irrigation system found in Oman, which has been used for centuries to sustainably manage groundwater resources. These resources play a vital role in meeting various consumption needs, including agriculture, domestic, and industrial. The article, for the first time, introduces the concept of “hydraulics of aflaj”, emphasizing the importance of accurate information about interaction of falaj and aquifer and also flow within their tunnels. The study utilizes the mechanisms of horizontal wells to simulate the interaction between the aquifer and the falaj tunnel, employing the meshless local Petrov–Galerkin numerical model to compute groundwater head of aquifer. The model is applied to a real test case in the Loba aquifer of Malaysia, demonstrating improved accuracy compared to previous models based on evaluation indices such as MAE, RMSE, MAPE, NSE and p-bias. The findings of the proposed model show good agreement.
Keywords: Agriculture – Oman

Developmental Structuralism in the Story of "Abur sekak Al-hāra wa nāī fī jabī" by Omani author Hamad al-Mukhinī based on Lucien Goldman's theory - Deris, Athra; Pourabed, Mohammad Javad; Zare, Naser; Balavi, Rasoul; Khezri, Ali (Arabic Literature, 2024)
Developmental Structuralism in the Story of 'Abur sekak Al-hāra wa nāī fī jabī' by Omani author Hamad al-Mukhinī based on Lucien Goldman's theory Abstract Sociology is a science that studies human societies and how they are affected by events. The relationship between literature and society is a reciprocal one in which literature is influenced by society and vice versa. The sociology of literature has undergone many changes since its inception and one of the theories that has contributed to this transformation is theories (Lucien Goldman's developmental structuralism). There are many writers who paid attention to their societies and its events, and the Omani writer Hamad al-Mukhinī did not shy away from the issues of his society, but addressed them in his texts. The present study, following the critique of the developmental structuralism of the story 'Abur sekak Al-hāra wa nāī fī jabī', has adopted a descriptive-analytical approach and examine the components of this theory in the story. The most important axes that the research reached results in, including: The story worldview is revealed through the possible consciousness of the narrator/young person, in a way, he was pursuing his dream and realizing it, although he had opponents in this way. In addition to the issues that the author has considered in the course of the story, Social customs and traditions affecting the behavior of social groups, domestic violence Or father against wife and child and superstitions.
Keywords: Littérature – Oman

Bibliographie: le Djebel Nefousa - M. (Le Mobacher, 1898)
Keywords: Bibliographie – Libye

‘Architectural Design for Procuring Thermal Comfort’: Hassan Fathy, Nubia, and Desert Building - Reynolds, Nancy Y. (International Journal of Islamic Architecture, 2024)
As part of an indigenous building movement in the Global South, the United Nations published two books by Egyptian architect Hassan Fathy (1900–89): one on building ‘for the poor’ and the other on passive cooling in vernacular architecture from hot environments. Using his correspondence, reports, designs, published writings, and built forms, this article tracks Fathy’s changing use of a crucial technique, mud-brick vaulting, that he learned in Nubia, an area of Egypt’s arid south largely destroyed by dams in the twentieth century. I show how Fathy mined Nubia rhetorically and materially to use, and later attempt to copyright, its residents’ ‘instinctive’ skills for living in hot arid lands. Over time, Fathy’s appropriations helped to transform Nubia’s vernacular morphology into a universal commons of desert and ‘Islamic’ forms, which enabled him to expand the geographic scope of his practice into the Arabian Peninsula in Oman and Saudi Arabia and into the southwestern United States.
Keywords: Architecture – Oman

Assessment of groundwater quality and alkaline earth metals from the Al Masaraat basin at Al Dhahirah Governorate, Sultanate of Oman - Al Hatmi, F.; Embong, Z.; Gismelseed, A. (International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 2024)
Comprehending the physicochemical properties of water is vital for efficient groundwater management in the research area. Groundwater often sees an increase in chemical element concentrations as it moves underground due to water-rock interaction. Water quality is assessed by comparing various parameter levels with drinking water standards. The primary goal of this study is to assess the groundwater quality from Al Dhahirah Governorate by analysing the physicochemical characteristics (pH, EC, TDS, TH, and T) and evaluating the concentrations of alkali and alkaline earth metals. It involved collecting groundwater samples from 11 different sites in the area and using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) to analyse various elements, such as Ca, Na, Mg, and Sr. The study’s results reveal that the quality parameters of drinking water sources are within the Omani and World Health Organization (WHO) standards, except for Na, Mg, Sr, and TH level. The average concentrations of Na and Mg were 527.64 and 87.93 mg/L, respectively, while the average TH measured 658.86 mg/L, which is classified as very hard. The analysis of correlations among groundwater quality parameters indicates that physicochemical parameters influence the chemical properties of groundwater. To ensure safe drinking water, it is advisable to treat contaminated water before use and regularly monitor its quality. The findings contribute to the understanding of water quality in this region, providing valuable insights for environmental and public health considerations.
Keywords: Géologie – Oman

تحليل الآثار الاجتماعية لمشروعات التنمية الكبرى في ولاية صحار - البلوشي, بدرية محمد أحمد (مجلة الفنون والأدب وعلوم الإنسانيات والاجتماع, 2024)
تمثلت مشكلة الدراسة الحالية في التساؤل التالي : ما الآثار الاجتماعية لمشروعات التنمية الكبرى في ولاية صحار ؟ وسعت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن الآثار الاجتماعية للمشروعات الاقتصادية الكبرى على الأسر العمانية في ولاية صحار وتشمل التأثيرات الاجتماعية للمشروعات التنموية بالمجتمع المحلي ، والخروج بتصور ملائم لتعظيم تلك الآثار الإيجابية، وتقليل الآثار السلبية للمشروعات الكبرى بولاية صحار. وتنتمي الدراسة إلى نمط الدراسات الوصفية التحليلية. تم الاعتماد على منهج المسح الاجتماعي للتعرف علي الآثار الاجتماعية لمشروعات التنمية الكبرى في ولاية صحار ، ومدى إسهام المشروعات الاقتصاديةُ المتنامية في مدينة صحار على الأسر العمانية، ومدى قدرتها على تحقيق التنمية المستدامة. ولقد تم أخذ عينة عمدية من الأسر العمانية فقط القاطنة في زمام ولاية صحار ، حجمها 300 أسرة. ومن أهم نتائج الدراسة أن هناك آثار اجتماعية إيجابية كثيرة لمشروعات التنمية الكبرى في ولاية صحار ، إلا أنه أيضا هناك بعض الآثار الاجتماعية السلبية قد ترتبت علي وجود هذه المشروعات. وفي نهاية الدراسة تم تقديم مجموعة من التوصيات التي يمكن الاستفادة منها في تعزيز وزيادة الآثار الاجتماعية الإيجابية ، وتقليل الآثار الاجتماعية السلبية لمشروعات التنمية الكبرى في ولاية صحار.
Keywords: Développement local – Oman

L'olivier porteur de mémoire et de valeurs d'usage - Ben Salah, Imed (Pensée méditerranéenne, 2013)

تقييم جودة مياه الينابيع المائية في بلدية جادو، جبل نفوسة (ليبيا) - أبومنجي, زكريا محمد; القحماصي, مريم المزوغي; أبوسنينة, إبتسام أحمد (المجلة الليبية للعلوم, 2024)
Keywords: Géologie – Djebel Nefousa

The Social Practices And Their Architectural Reflections On The Dwelling In The M'zab Valley Traditional - Zaaba, Omar; Barkat, Omar (Journal of Namibian Studies : History Politics Culture, 2024)
The traditional architecture in the M'zab Valley was a real response to the needs of the natural community and a direct reflection of its lifestyle, nature of activities, environmental requirements, individual and collective life practices within the intellectual system and its natural framework. Therefore, we do not find any part in this architecture that does not serve a specific function or symbolize a certain goal, considering that all material production in this society is a homogeneous and harmonious expression between needs, aspirations, goals, religious values, organizations and interactive social relationships with nature and climatic factors. Thus, architectural production in general and traditional housing in M'zab specifically testify to all these values and ideas manifested in their patterns, plans, units and architectural elements, It was necessary to study the impact of these social organizations and practices on the traditional dwelling in M'zab, considering it as a fundamental urban unit in shaping its palaces and a real product that reflects the values and ideas of this society. And since the dwelling is part of this human production, its relationship with social practice is a strong and organic relationship.
Keywords: Architecture – Mzab; Irrigation – Mzab; Puits – Mzab

Littoralisation et dynamique côtière en milieux insulaires fragiles : le cas de l’île de Jerba (Sud-Est tunisien) - Ben Ghazi, Abdelhamid (Cinq Continents, 2023)
Littoralization and coastal dynamics in fragile island environments: the case of the island of Jerba (South-East Tunisia). Known for the wealth of its resources, the island of Jerba has always attracted the society of the past to settle there. Convinced by the fragility of the island environment, the Jerbian has developed a suitable way of occupying the space and appropriate know-how. The interior of agricultural land has always been favored at the expense of the infertile coastline and open to foreign invasions. Recently, the phenomenon of touristification of the east and northeast coast of the island has been established. At the same time, the coastline is increasingly occupied and a change in the mode of land occupation has occurred. The coastal area, formerly deserted, is increasingly in demand, which has upset the island environment. The rapid urbanization of beaches has reached a worrying stage. The low coasts of the island continue to lose their sandy beaches in a situation marked by the rise in sea level in relation to global warming. Obviously, a line mobility of the island's shoreline is established and evolving with accelerated speed, which has led to the continuous disconfiguration of the coastline. It is by extending the arrow of Borj Kastile, located in the southeast, that the island of Jerba could be connected to the mainland and therefore loses its island status.
Keywords: Tourisme – Djerba

A socio-environmental analysis of contemporary modifications to Algerian Mzab traditional houses - Mouna, Hammou; Drias, Ammar (African Geographical Review, 2024)
Algerian Mzab traditional houses, using passive techniques since the eleventh century (from 1012 to 1882), have seen recent modifications. Analysis of 612 questionnaires and interviews with Mzab residents reveals 81.2% of these houses have been modified. Modifications include adding floors, thinning walls, and replacing lime with cement, driven by the need for space, ventilation, and modernisation. However, such modifications often increase energy consumption, with residents requiring more heating in winter and air conditioning in summer. This reliance on fossil fuels exacerbates regional climate insecurity. Planting roof terraces and using high-insulation building materials can reduce energy consumption in modified Mzab houses.
Keywords: Architecture – Mzab

Deep and machine learning methods for the (semi-)automatic extraction of sandy shoreline and erosion risk assessment basing on remote sensing data (case of Jerba island -Tunisia) - Boussetta, Amina; Niculescu, Simona; Bengoufa, Soumia; Zagrarni, Mohamed Fawzi (Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 2023)
Against the backdrop of the environmental crisis, the socio-economic, ecological and cultural importance of the coastal zone calls for greater awareness of how coastal resources function, evolve, are managed and enhanced. This study aims to develop a high-performance (semi-)automatic coastal monitoring method based on Landsat-5 and Sentinel-2 multispectral satellite images for spatiotemporal analysis of shoreline changes and erosion risk assessment along Jerba Island (Tunisia) using remote sensing data and geospatial tools. A comparative study between the band ratioing (BR) method and the pixel-based image analysis (PBIA) and object-based image analysis (OBIA) methods has led to the development of machine learning (ML), random forest (RF), deep learning (DL) and convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithms. Using these classification methods, 15 different shorelines were successively detected in 1989, 2015 and 2023 and then compared with a digitized reference shoreline from the Landsat-5 and Sentinel-2 images. Following a quantitative evaluation, the accuracy of the classification model shows that the combined CNN-OBIA approach provided the least accurate results, with an overall accuracy (OA) index of 67%, while the OBIA-RF classification method provided the most accurate results (OA of 95%). This comparative study identified an accurate and improved extraction method for quantifying changes in the position of the shoreline on the east coast of Jerba Island, enabling managers to make better decisions on coastal protection and adaptation to climate change.
Keywords: Géologie – Djerba

الإباضية - المنشأ والمعتقد ‏ - العنزي, رفعة (المجلة العربية للدراسات الإسلامية والشرعية, 2024)
الحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على أشرف الأنبياء والمرسلين.. وبعد فالإباضية من أقدم فرق التاريخ الإسلامي ظهور، وصاحبة حركات ثورية، ومواقف سياسية، ومخالفات عقدية انتهجت بها منهج مخالف لعقيدة المسلمين منذ القدم ومازال لها حضور وانتشار في بلاد المشرق والمغرب الإسلامي، وسنتطرق في هذا التقرير إلى نشأتهم الأولى وعقيدتهم وأبرز شخصياتهم، ومدى ارتباطهم وموقفهم من الخوارج، وعليه جاء التقرير مقسم على النحو التالي: التمهيد، وفيه مطلبين: المطلب الأول: تعريف الإباضية، وأبرز شخصياتها. المطلب الثاني: نشأة الإباضية. المبحث الأول: عقائد الإباضية، وأبرز فرقها. المطلب الأول: عقائد الإباضية. المطلب الثاني: فرق الإباضية. المبحث الثاني: موقف الإباضية من الخوارج. المبحث الثالث: حكم أئمة المسلمين على الإباضية.
Keywords: Ibadisme – thèmes et motifs

Flogging, Banning, Lapidation: What Was the Punishment for Fornication and Adultery in Early Islam - Francesca, Ersilia (Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, 2022)
In the Qurʾān, there are several references to zinā (meaning both fornication and adultery), which stress the social ills that follow from committing such a sin. The Qurʾān makes it clear that those found guilty of zinā, regardless of their marital status, will be liable to receive a punishment of one hundred lashes, whilst slaves, married or unmarried, should receive fifty lashes (Q. 24:2). Nonetheless, the complexities surrounding the issue of adultery, and in particular the issue of its punishment, gave rise to a heated debate in the early Islamic juristic circles, which coalesced into a number of traditions conveying a growing strictness with regard to the punishment for adultery, especially towards married adulterers. In this paper I offer an interpretation of the most significant among these narrations in the early sources. In particular, I provide an account of the issue from the perspective of the early Ibāḍī sources, which are often neglected in mainstream Islamic studies, in order to trace the Ibāḍī contribution to the early juristic debate on fornication and adultery. My hypothesis is that a focus on Ibāḍī sources, which have been proven to preserve some very ancient material, provides a stronger basis for the study of the early centuries of Islam.

حركة النشر والتأليف: جوهر النظام في علم الاديان والاحكام (الزهراء, 1927)

L’archipel ibadite. Une histoire des marges du Maghreb médiéval, written by Cyrille Aillet - Love Jr, Paul M. (Arabica, 2024)
Keywords: Recension

The issue of Imamate and succession and its influence in creating religious conflicts of Khawarij Ābāḍi Bani Rostam - Ezati, Mehdi (Motaleat-e-Taghribi Mazaheb-e-Eslami, 2024)
Following the preaching activities of the Ābāḍiyya jurists in the first half of the second century of the Hijri, the Ābāḍiyya religion was able to attract many followers among the Berber tribes of North Africa. Finally, in the middle of the 2nd century, Ibn Rostam established the Ābāḍiya government in the eastern regions of the Middle Maghreb. According to the principles of the Ābāḍian Bani-Rostam religion, the selection of the imam was based on the council of jurists and tribal sheikhs and the imam could be from any race or tribe. Based on this, Abdurrahman bin Rostam, who was non-Arab and Iranian, and of course she had the conditions for Imamate, was elected as Imam and leader of Abadi religions by the council of sheikhs and jurists. Although apparently Abd al-Wahhab bin Abd al-Rahman also achieved the Imamate of the Ābāḍians through the council, but according to some Abadian jurists, this choice was also a hereditary method and the Imamate was somehow passed from father to son. The method of hereditary Imamate continued in the rule of Bani Rostam until the end of their dynasty, and this issue caused tension and disagreement between some of the Ābāḍi jurists and the rulers of Bani Rostam. This essay will investigate this issue and the challenges faced by Bani-Rostam imams regarding the subject of Imamate with a descriptive-analytical method. The findings showed that due to the main orientation of Bani Rostam rulers in inheriting the government which was influenced by Iranian thought, they faced widespread oppositions and uprisings during their rule.
Keywords: Dynastie rustumide

جهود جمعية الشيخ أبي إسحاق في فهرسة ورقمنة المخطوطات: خزانة الشيخ الحاج يوسف بن إبراهيم بن بكير بافولولو، الشهير بالحاج يوسف بن بعمور نموذجا - الحاج سعيد, محمد بن أيوب; قزريط, داود بن موسى (المنهاج, 2023)
Keywords: Manuscrits – Mzab

أهمية عقود الوصايا في دراسة المجتمعات المحلية الواحاتية بلدة العطف نموذجاً (1886) - (1953م) - الحاج عيسى, إلياس بن عمر (المنهاج, 2023)

الشيخ إبراهيم بن بنوح متياز اليسجني 1885 - 1984 قراءة في تراثه ومنهجه في الكتابة التاريخية - الزرويل, صالح (المنهاج, 2023)
Keywords: Biographies – Mzab – 20e siècle

تحقيق القصيدة الرائية للشيخ اطفيش :(ت: 1332هـ / 1914م)، حول إرهاصات نبوة الرسول ، وخوارقه المادية - بن دريسو, مصطفى بن محمد (المنهاج, 2023)
Keywords: Atfiyyash; Muhammad b. Yusuf (1821-1914); Poésie – Mzab

وارجلان البلد والمدينة من خلال المصادر الجغرافية الوسيطية - بوراس, يحيى بن عيسى (المنهاج, 2023)

دعم المزابيين المادي للحزب الحر الدستوري التونسي 1934-1919 - بوسعدة, محمد بن عمر (المنهاج, 2023)
Keywords: Mouvement national – Tunisie

قراءة في دفتر عقود من القرن الثاني الهجري - حمودة, مصطفى بن بكير (المنهاج, 2023)
Keywords: Contrats – Mzab

مقدمة - كروم, أحمد بن حمو (المنهاج, 2023)

زيارة الشيخ سليمان بن ناصر اللمكي إلى الجزائر ووادي مزاب سنة 1900 من خلال وثائق محلية وفرنسية - ناصر, بالحاج بن باحمد (المنهاج, 2023)

تصحيح خطأ تاريخي حول تسمية (الوهابية) - الشويعر, محمد بن سعد (الإرشاد, 2016)
Number: 060

رسالة الشيخ سليمان بن القاسم النفوسى إلى الإمام ناصر بن مرشد اليعربى والرد عليها: صور من العلاقات العمانية الجزائرية - الهاشمي, سعيد بن محمد (مجلة العلوم الإنسانية, 2016)
Number: 011

أثر تخلف الشرط الصحيح على لزوم العقد : دراسة فقهية مقارنة على عقود المعاملات المالية - بوكرموش, رستم بن موسى (دراسات, 2016)
Number: 048

جدلية العلاقة بين السلطة والدين: العلماء ودورهم السياسي في عمان في عصر الإمامة الإباضية الثانية نموذجا 177-279هـ/793-892م - حافظ, فيصل سيد طه (مجلة وقائع تاريخية, 2016)
Number: 025

شعارات حركات المعارضة في العراق في العصر الأموي ودلالاتها الدينية والسياسية - النعيمي, وئام عدنان عباس (مجلة كلية التربية للبنات, 2015)
Number: 003

هاجس حماية الذات الجمعية في فكر العلامة القطب أطفيش - بوخنشوش, حفصة جعيط (حوليات جامعة الجزائر 1, 2015)
Number: 028
Keywords: Atfiyyash; Muhammad b. Yusuf (1821-1914)

بنو سامة ودورهم السياسي في عمان منذ ظهور الإسلام حتى أوائل القرن الرابع الهجري (8 - 317 هـ / 629 - 929م) - حافظ, فيصل سيد طه; الرشيدي, بدر دحيم عبدالله (حوليات المؤرخ المصري, 2015)

واقع الجباية بالدولة الرستمية - مغراوي, سميرة (مجلة عصور, 2015)
Number: 026,027
Keywords: Dynastie rustumide

مكانة الشهادة فى الدعوى والبينات فى فقه القضاء الاسلامى وأشهر نماذجها بين مذاهب أهل السنه والإباضية - عبد الجواد, عبد الجواد خلف محمد (مجلة التربية, 2014)

إمارة بنى وجيه 317 - 354 هـ / 929 - 965 م فى عمان - الدرويش, جاسم ياسين محمد (الوثيقة, 2013)
Number: 063

القضاء والقدر عند الإباضية والماتريدية - الشرقاوي, مصطفى إسماعيل عبدالرحيم (مجلة كلية الآداب, 2013)
Number: 034
Keywords: Religions comparées – Ibadisme – Mutazilisme

الأباضية في اليمن عوامل الظهور ومبررات الاختفاء - مرشد, عمر محمد (التواصل, 2013)
Keywords: Ibadisme – Yemen

سمات الدرس العقدى عند الشيخ بيوض - الشيهاني, حمو بن عيسى (دراسات إسلامية, 2012)
Keywords: Bayyūḍ; Ibrāhīm ibn ʿUmar (1899-1981)

التاريخ والمؤرخون في وارجلان الاباضية على عهد الموحدين: أبو يعقوب يوسف بن إبراهيم الوارجلاني نموذجا - زيدور, عبد الحميد (مجلة عصور الجديدة, 2012)
Keywords: Biographies – Ouargla; Ouargla – Histoire

التواجد المذهبي في السودان الغربي بين القرنين الخامس والعاشر للهجرة - شعباني, نور الدين (دورية كان التاريخية, 2012)
Number: 018

معالم النهضة الاصلاحية عند إباضية الجزائر، من سنة 1157 هـ / 1744 م إلى سنة 1382 هـ / 1962 م - الشيخ بالحاج, قاسم بن أحمد; بوحجام, محمد بن قاسم ناصر (دراسات إسلامية, 2010)
Keywords: Réformisme – Mzab

الجاليات العربية الإسلامية المبكرة في غرب أفريقيا وأثرها في نشر الإسلام واللغة العربية - الدهماني, الدهماني سالم (المجلة العلمية بكلية الآداب, 2009)
Keywords: Invasion arabe – Afrique du Nord

أحمد بن سليمان بن النظر السمائلي : عصره - سيرته - ما وصل إلينا من آثاره - السليمي, محمود بن مبارك بن حبيب (مجلة دراسات تاريخية, 2009)

الأباضية في ضوء الكتاب والسنة - سليمان, أسامة بن علي (التوحيد, 2009)
Number: 448

الإصرار على الذنب وأثره فى العمل عند الإباضية - وينتن, مصطفى بن الناصر (مجلة جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية, 2009)

Reflections on the vernacular mosques in the Souf region, Algeria: An attempt to inventory the local architectural language - Zerari, Sami; Cirafici, Alexandra; Sriti, Leila; Pace, Vincenzo; Palmieri, Alice (Itu: Journal of the Faculty of Architecture, 2024)
Keywords: Architecture – Oued Souf

This is how they do it: A conflict management model in Oman - Dauletova, Victoria; Rawas, Saba al-; Rawas, Eram al-; Balushi, Abeer al-; Mamari, Sheikha al-; Busaidi, Adil S. al- (Conflict Resolution Quarterly, 2024)
Oman and its conflict management model are the focus of this paper. This model has crystalized out of the three stand‐alone but complementary systems of conflict resolution which evolved in an ad hoc fashion: the institute of tribal leaders; the reconciliation committees; and the formal judicial system. These systems offer a foundation for the current efforts of the local people to sustain a peaceful co‐existence among the vibrant and ethnically diverse Omani communities known for their turbulent past. The analyzed data obtained from interviews with Omani tribal leaders, reconciliation committee members, and lawyers shed light on both the strengths of the conflict management model and the modern challenges which the model faces. The findings confirm that this model represents a coherent entity run by an integrated constitutional‐tribal order. They also suggest that the model serves as a state mechanism for balancing power between the country's major players—the government and the institute of tribal leaders. The novel contribution of this paper lies in linking the origin and philosophy of each system with the “mediation identity” of Oman's foreign policy.
Keywords: Gestion des conflits – Oman

أسس التوظيف بالمناصب الإدارية في الدولة الرستمية –نموذج من نماذج الإصلاح الإداري Principles of Employment in Administrative Positions in the Rustamid State - A Model of Administrative Reform - علوان, بوعلام; هيصام, موسى (مجلة العبر للدراسات التاريخية و الاثرية في شمال افريقيا, 2023)
الملخص باللغة العربية: اعتمد التوظيف بالمناصب الإدارية للدولة عند الرستميين على مجموعة من الأسس، منها ما هو متعلق بعملية التوظيف كتفعيل مبدأ الشورى، والاختبار، واختيار الأصلح، والحوافز إلى غير ذلك، ومنها ما هو متعلق بصفات الموظف الشخصية… وهو ما يجسد حرص الرستميين على الالتزام بالضوابط الشرعية في الحياة الإدارية، ودعم مبادئ المذهب الإباضي، وقد أدى ذلك إلى نتائج جد مرضية، أكدت على أن أسس التوظيف بالمناصب الإدارية للدولة الرستمية تمثل أحد أهم نماذج الإصلاح الإداري. Abstract: Recruitment in the administrative positions of the state among the Rustamids depended on a set of bases, including what is related to the recruitment process, such as activating the principle of shura, testing, choosing the fittest, incentives, etc., including what is related to the employee’s personal qualities, which embodies the keenness of the Rustamidians to abide by the Sharia controls in Administrative life, and support for the principles of the Ibadi doctrine, has led to very satisfactory results, confirmed that the foundations of employment in administrative positions of the Rustumid state represent one of the most important models of administrative reform.
Keywords: Dynastie rustumide

Recherches sur le costume dans l’Afrique romaine - le pantalon - Ville, Georges (Africa, 1968)
Quelques images que nous pouvons emprunter à des documents africains nous donnent une idée du pantalon nordique : les «barbares» de Méninx au musée du Bardo (fig. 1)
Keywords: Antiquité

Tsunami deposits in Tunisia contemporaneous of the large 365 CE Crete earthquake and Mediterranean Sea catastrophic event - Bahrouni, Nejib; Meghraoui, Mustapha; Bayraktar, Hafize Başak; Lorito, Stefano; Zagrarni, Mohamed Fawzi; Polonia, Alina; Bel Mabrouk, Nabil; Kamoun, Fekri (Scientific Reports, 2024)
New field investigations along the East Tunisian coastline reveal sedimentary deposits and damaged localities that may account for a catastrophic event during the late Holocene. North of Sfax city, ~ 3.4 m high cliff coastal marine and alluvial terraces show 20 to 50-cm-thick chaotic layer with sandy coarse gravels mixed with reworked pebbles, broken shells of gastropods and molluscs, organic matter and Roman pottery. The chaotic layer truncates sandy-silty paleosol, covers Roman settlements and is overlain by fire remains, a thin sandy-silty aeolian unit and ~ 1-m-thick alluvial deposits. Charcoal samples collected at 10 cm below and 4 cm above the catastrophic deposits provide radiocarbon dating that brackets the catastrophic unit between 286 and 370 CE. Other historical investigations on the Roman sites of Neapolis (Nabeul), Hadrumete (Sousse), Thyna (Sfax), Meninx in Girba (Djerba), Wadi Ennouili (Gulf of Gabes), and Sabratha (in Libya) evidenced major damage and abandonment of sites in the fourth century (16, 41, 42, 43, 44). The new identification of catastrophic deposits, offshore-onshore correlations with turbidites and modelling of tsunami waves suggest the relationship with the 21 July 365 tsunamigenic earthquake (Mw ~ 8) of west Crete (Greece) and call for a better estimate of tsunami risk on the Mediterranean coastlines.
Keywords: Archéologie – Djerba; Séisme – Djerba – 0365

Omani Arabic: Historical and Linguistic Description - Zarytovskaya, Victoria; Rahbi, Ahmed al- (Philological Sciences. Issues of Theory and Practice, 2019)
The article consistently examines the phonetic, grammatical and lexical features of Omani Arabic as a dialect strongly contrasting the literary variant ( al-fuṣḥā ) compared to other dialects of the Arabian Peninsula. For the first time the authors propose a thesis that the basic factors of Omani Arabic formation were associated with the key historical events that occurred in this part of the Arabic world in the last centuries - from the settlement of the genuine Arabic tribes in the Arabian Peninsula to migration waves to Oman from the Asian region. The authors show the uniqueness of Omani Arabic, which easily assimilates lexical units borrowed from the non-European languages and emphasize the relevance and incompleteness of this process.
Keywords: Linguistique – Oman

مظاهر العلاقات الثقافية بين سلطنة عمان وبلاد المغرب العربي منذ دخول الإسلام إلى منطقة المغرب حتى القرن العشرين - أحمد حسن عمر حسن, شلوبة (دورية كان التاريخية, 2017)
Number: 038

الكتابة التاريخية عند أبي زكرياء يحيى الوارجلاني ت. 474 هـ. / 1081م - الزرويل, صالح (مجلة المعارف للبحوث والدراسات التاريخية, 2017)
Number: 012

أدوات الإقناع العقلي والعاطفي: خطبة عبدالله بن يحيى زعيم الإباضية لما استولى على اليمن أنموذجا - بصل, محمد إسماعيل; أحمد, عدنان محمد; فياض, أكسم أحمد (مجلة جامعة تشرين للبحوث والدراسات العلمية - سلسلة الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية, 2017)
Number: 006

الحركة العلمية بورجلان من خلال نظام حلقة العزابة ما بين القرن "04-06 هـ.": علم الكلام نموذجا - زقاوى, امحمد; بلبشير, عمر (مجلة الناصرية للدراسات الاجتماعية والتاريخية, 2017)
Number: 001

شروط وآداب القضاء في عمان في ضوء المذهب الإباضي - سالم بن حمد بن مرهون, النبهانى (مجلة عصور, 2017)
Number: 036

جهاد اليعاربة ضد الاستعمار البرتغالي 1033-1131م/1624-1718م - سعد, نيفين مصطفى حسن (مجلة بحوث الشرق الأوسط, 2017)
Number: 041
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Portugal

الإمارات المستقلة في بلاد المغرب ودور الخوارج في تأسيسها 122-184 هـ/739-800م - سعيد ناجي غالب قائد, إسكندر (مجلة السعيد للعلوم الإنسانية والتطبيقية, 2017)
Number: 001
Keywords: Vie culturelle – Afrique du Nord

الخوارج جذورهم التاریخیة وأصولهم العقدیة: دراسة تحلیلیة نقدیة - عبد العزيز, عبد الجواد محمد (مجلة كلية أصول الدين والدعوة بأسيوط, 2017)
Number: 001
Keywords: Kharijisme

متابعات: المؤتمر السادس للفكر الإباضي بمدينة سانت بطرسبيرج بجمهورية روسيا الإتحادية - هيئة التحرير (مجلة الخليل للدراسات الأدبية واللغوية, 2017)
Number: 002

متابعات: ندوة كتاب "السير الإباضية" للشماخي بالجمهورية التونسية - هيئة التحرير (مجلة الخليل للدراسات الأدبية واللغوية, 2017)
Number: 002

في تفسير أصل تسميات الفرق الخارجية - الأسود, أحمد (مجلة التنوير, 2010)
Number: 012

حركة المطرّف بن المغيرة بن شعبة وأثرها على النظام الأموي في النصف الثاني من القرن الأول الهجري (76 هـ / 695 م - 78 هـ / 697 م) - الشياب, شهاب علي (المجلة الأردنية للتاريخ والآثار, 2008)
Number: 003

حرية الإشتراط فى العقود فى الفقه الإسلامى المقارن - باجو, مصطفى بن صالح (مجلة جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية, 2008)
Number: 026

نشاط الحركة المذهبية الخارجية ببلاد المغرب الإسلامي خلال القرن الرابع الهجري : ثورة أبي يزيد الخارجي نموذجا - بلهواري, فاطمة (مجلة المواقف, 2008)
Number: 002
Keywords: Ibn Kaydad

الإباضية: إضافة إلى سلة النتائج - الحديثي, نزار عبد اللطيف (مجلة سبأ, 2007)
Number: 015,016

الصراع السياسي الديني وأثره في سقوط الإمامة الإباضية الثانية - النابودة, حسن محمد عبدالله (المجلة التاريخية المصرية, 2007)
Number: 000

نشأة الإباضية وأصولهم - الهاشمي, مبارك بن سيف بن سعيد (المجلة العلمية لكلية أصول الدين والدعوة بالزقازيق, 2007)
Number: 019

حيل المعاملات في الفقه الإسلامي - بابكر, خالد بن محمد (دراسات, 2007)
Number: 006