Zanzibar Was a Country: Exile and Citizenship between East Africa and the Gulf - Mathews, Nathaniel (University of California Press, 2024)
Zanzibar Was a Country traces the history of a Swahili-speaking Arab diaspora from East Africa to Oman. In Oman today, whole communities in Muscat speak Swahili, have recent East African roots, and practice forms of sociality associated with the urban culture of the Swahili coast. These "Omani Zanzibaris" offer the most significant contemporary example in the Gulf, as well as in the wider Indian Ocean region, of an Afro-Arab community that maintains a living connection to Africa in a diasporic setting. While they come from all over East Africa, a large number are postrevolution exiles and emigrés from Zanzibar. Their stories provide a framework for the broader transregional entanglements of decolonization in Africa and the Arabian Gulf. Using both vernacular historiography and life histories of men and women from the community, Nathaniel Mathews argues that the traumatic memories of the Zanzibar Revolution of 1964 are important to nation-building on both sides of the Indian Ocean.
Keywords: Emigration – Zanzibar – Oman; Vie politique – Zanzibar – 1963-1964; Vie politique – Zanzibar – 1964-1985

فقه الماء في المكتبة العُمانية - الأغبري, إسماعيل بن صالح بن إسماعيل (أعمال ندوة تطور العلوم الفقهية: فقه الماء في الشريعة الإسلامية : أحكامه الشرعية، وآفاقه الحضارية، وقضاياه المعاصرة : المنعقدة خلال عام، 1441 هـ-2019 م, 2022)

فقه الماء عند الإباضية - الخليلي, أفلح بن أحمد (أعمال ندوة تطور العلوم الفقهية: فقه الماء في الشريعة الإسلامية : أحكامه الشرعية، وآفاقه الحضارية، وقضاياه المعاصرة : المنعقدة خلال عام، 1441 هـ-2019 م, 2022)

نظام الأفلاج في الفقه الإباضي رؤية فقهية وحضارية - الغاربي, محمد بن راشد (أعمال ندوة تطور العلوم الفقهية: فقه الماء في الشريعة الإسلامية : أحكامه الشرعية، وآفاقه الحضارية، وقضاياه المعاصرة : المنعقدة خلال عام، 1441 هـ-2019 م, 2022)
Keywords: Droit – Oman

استثمار الوقف في عُمان النجاحات والمشكلات - القاسمي, صالح بن ناصر بن محمد (أعمال ندوة تطور العلوم الفقهية: فقه الماء في الشريعة الإسلامية : أحكامه الشرعية، وآفاقه الحضارية، وقضاياه المعاصرة : المنعقدة خلال عام، 1441 هـ-2019 م, 2022)
Keywords: Waqf (fondations) – Oman

نظام الري في فقه المغاربة - باجو, مصطفى بن صالح (أعمال ندوة تطور العلوم الفقهية: فقه الماء في الشريعة الإسلامية : أحكامه الشرعية، وآفاقه الحضارية، وقضاياه المعاصرة : المنعقدة خلال عام، 1441 هـ-2019 م, 2022)

البعد الاقتصادي لمشاكل الماء في ضوء المقاصد الشرعية - تفوشيت, خالد سعيد (أعمال ندوة تطور العلوم الفقهية: فقه الماء في الشريعة الإسلامية : أحكامه الشرعية، وآفاقه الحضارية، وقضاياه المعاصرة : المنعقدة خلال عام، 1441 هـ-2019 م, 2022)

التفسير الفقهي للنزاع حول الماء: دراسة فقهية مقارنة في المذاهب الخمسة - هرموش, محمود مصطفى عبود (أعمال ندوة تطور العلوم الفقهية: فقه الماء في الشريعة الإسلامية : أحكامه الشرعية، وآفاقه الحضارية، وقضاياه المعاصرة : المنعقدة خلال عام، 1441 هـ-2019 م, 2022)

الإيلاء: تعريفه، أركانه، شروطه، أحكامه - الخليلي, أحمد بن حمد (الكلمة الطيبة, 2021)
Marriage; annulment (Islamic law); divorce (Islamic law)
Keywords: Fiqh – mariage

ماذا بقي من المذهب الإباضي ببلاد الجريد؟ واحة نفطة نموذجا: دراسة في الأنتروبولوجيا التاريخية - النوري, نور الدين (المجلة التونسية لعلم الآثار, 2024)
يعنى هذا العمل بالبحث في الإرث الإباضي بمدينة نفطة بالجنوب التونسي، وهو المذهب السائد بمجال بلاد الجريد خلال العصر الوسيط من القرن الثامن إلى القرن الثالث عشر ميلادي، باعتماد مدونة شفوية محلية (سرديات ومرويات وذهنيات) ثم مسائلتها بمؤلفات أعلام الإباضية ببلاد المغرب خلال العصر الوسيط (على غرار الوسياني والورجلاني والدرجيني) وبالمراجع، لاسيما التي تناولت بالدراسة المذهب الإباضي بجنوب إفريقية منها (صالح باجية، الإباضية بالجريد ومحمد المريمي، إباضية جزيرة جربة خلال العصر الحديث)، من أجل المقارنة والتحليل. ويعنى العمل الحالي أيضا بدراسة ميدان البحث، اجتماعيا وأثريا بالمعايشة والتدوين ويناقش عددا من الممارسات العقدية، في العبادة على وجه الخصوص، كمسألة سدل اليدين في الصلاة، ويبحث في الممارسات الاجتماعية والطقوس الموروثة عن بعض فرق الإباضية، وفي المصطلحات اللغوية والإثنوغرافية والطوبونيمية الحالية الراجعة إلى العصر الوسيط، التي صمدت رغم الطمس الاجتماعي والنفي الفكري الموجه. وينظر إضافة إلى ذلك في بعض الظواهر الاجتماعية المتداولة بمجال الدراسة، ليتساءل عن حقيقة انتمائها إلى المذهب الإباضي الأصلي. ويعتمد منهج البحث على الخروج عما هو متداول من أن المقاربة التاريخية ملزمة باعتماد مادي على المصادر والمراجع والآثار في حين يمكن أن تعتمد أيضا على الإرث الشفوي والأنثروبولوجيا ليكونا منطلقين لكتابة قطعة هامة من التاريخ المحلي لم تعره الدراسات السابقة العناية اللازمة.
Keywords: Ibadisme – Djérid

تطور العمارة الدينية بجبل نفوسة في العصر الوسيط - الزواري, محمد (المجلة التونسية لعلم الآثار, 2024)
Keywords: Architecture – Djebel Nefousa

New Records of Spheciformes Wasps (insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea) for Djerba Island, Tunisia - Ben Khedher, Hassib; Yıldırım, Erol (Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum, 2024)
Four species of Spheciformes wasps belonging to two families and two genera Crabronidae Latreille, 1802 (one species to the genus Tachysphex Kohl, 1883) and Philanthidae Latreille, 1802 (three species to the genus Cerceris Latreille, 1802) are reported for the first time from Djerba Island in Tunisia. The distribution in Tunisia and morphological description for reported species are given and illustrated.
Keywords: Entomologie – Djerba

Berbères « minorés » dans le monde « arabo-musulman » : réalités ou représentations ? - Yacine, Tassadit (Quaderns de la Mediterrània, 2024)
Keywords: Berbérisme – Afrique du Nord

الكتاب المبين في الناسخ والمنسوخ (أنموذج مصنفات علوم القرآن) - الشيباني, سلطان بن مبارك (محبوب للنشر والتوزيع, 2024)
Keywords: Coran – Commentaires

رحلة البحث عن سبعين بدريا - الشيباني, سلطان بن مبارك (منشورات الوقف المبارك, 2024)
Keywords: Hadith

شجرة نسب العالمة المحقق الخليلي وأولاده وأحفاده - الشيباني, سلطان بن مبارك (محبوب للنشر والتوزيع, 2024)
Keywords: Biographies – Oman

عود على بدء مع ديوان جابر بن زيد وكلام حايج خليفة في كشف الظنون - الشيباني, سلطان بن مبارك (محبوب للنشر والتوزيع, 2024)
Keywords: Fiqh – Irak – 8e siècle

قصيدة الجني في غريب اللغة - الشيباني, سلطان بن مبارك (محبوب للنشر والتوزيع, 2024)
Keywords: Poésie – Oman

مِنْ أين لك هذا؟ - الشيباني, سلطان بن مبارك (محبوب للنشر والتوزيع, 2024)
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Omeyyades

La communauté djerbienne installe au grand Tunis : la dimension sociale du mouvement de ses femmes - Bassalah, Safa (Migrations méditerranéennes du Moyen Âge à nos jours: institutions et liens sociaux, 2021)
Keywords: Emigration – Djerba – Tunis

Closing the gap: survey and excavation at Ibrāʾ, Sultanate of Oman - Kluge, Jonas (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2024)
The newly discovered Early Bronze Age site of Ibrāʾ South at the southern outskirts of the modern town of Ibrāʾ offers a range of archaeological features dating to the Umm an‑Nar period. In this paper, the results of the first season of fieldwork conducted by the Goethe University Frankfurt are presented, including a detailed surface survey and finds collection as well as small-scale excavations of two domestic buildings. The site also allows a study of different functional zones within the settlement, among others an area of copper processing and systems of water management, as well as indications of a planned settlement layout.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Tombs and landscapes in a canyon of the al-Ḥajar mountains: Results of the surveys at WTN07 in the Tanūf District (North-Central Oman), 2022–2023 - Kuronuma, Taichi; Tanabe, Kantaro; Miki, Takehiro; Kondo, Yasuhisa (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2024)
Research towards the reconstruction of various archaeological landscapes in the Al-Ḥajar mountains is still ongoing. Past investigations in the Wādī Tanūf canyon have revealed long-term transformation of landscapes of higher places, such as hilltops and a cave on a cliff. However, the function of the wadi terraces has not been sufficiently investigated. In the 2022–2023 season, we surveyed the site of WTN07 on a wadi terrace and documented 123 Islamic graves, as well as one probable Wādī Sūq tomb (Tomb 122). A detailed examination indicates that Tomb 122 is a rare collective tomb in North-Central Oman and has composite characteristics represented by a U-shaped chamber, a possible entrance corridor, and an attached annex with a few subsidiary tombs. Furthermore, we have identified eight non-mortuary features, including a newly discovered building (Structure 01) in Wādī Tanūf, as well as a platform (Structure 02) and a long wall (Structure 04). These findings highlight the importance of the terrace in the canyon, given the limited flat space available. We assume that the small terrace running along the river was a place for different activities over time, with most of the evidence related to the movement of people in the trans-Ḥajar region, since the canyon can be considered as a corridor.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

New insights on Bronze Age funerary monuments in the Ḥajar foothills: Surveys and excavations at Bisya (Ad-Dākhilīyyah, Sultanate of Oman) - Munoz, Olivia; Rointru, Kaïna; Jean, Mathilde; Pellegrino, Maria Paola; Renaux, Caroline; Laguardia, Marie; Sanz, Paola Gómez; Cotty, Marianne (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2024)
The Bisya region is rich in archaeological heritage, with thousands of protohistoric funerary monuments (fourth–first millennium BC), making it an ideal place to study the diversity of burials in the region. This article presents the results of two survey and excavation seasons in the Bisya region. Remote sensing identified over 5500 tombs in a vast area, and ground surveys made it possible to document their variability and spatial distribution. The article discusses the architectural diversity, topographical location, and chronological assignment of these tombs and sheds light on the transition from the Hafit to the Umm an-Nar period as well as on further possible reuses. The excavation of three tombs (Tomb F4170, Tomb F2276, and Tomb F4169), revealed their architectural features and deposits and shed light on their possible dating. The imported pottery found in Tomb F4169 indicates connections with Mesopotamia, Iran, and Baluchistan. Beads, small objects, and copper alloy artefacts were recovered, providing further insight into the burial practices and trade networks of the time. This research in the Bisya region contributes with new data to our understanding of the burial landscape and socio-cultural development during the Early Bronze Age in the Arabian Peninsula, illuminating the architectural evolution and the trade and cultural networks in which the population was involved.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Architecture, social relations, and trade at mountain settlements in Iron Age Oman - Paulsen, Paige; Zaribaf, Amir; Lehner, Joseph; David-Cuny, Hélène; Dumitru, Ioana A.; Nathan, Smiti; Sivitskis, Alexander; Shannon, John; Wiig, Frances; Arsenault, Bradley; Harrower, Michael J. (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2024)
In 2023, a primary goal of the Archaeological Water Histories of Oman (ArWHO) Project fieldwork involved intensive mapping of architecture at sites near Yanqul, Oman to gain a better understanding of social relations during the Iron Age (1300–300 BC) in south-east Arabia. Small settlements (less than 2 ha) proliferated in remote mountainous areas during the Iron Age, reflecting broader changes in social organization. How were mountain communities organized, and what was their larger role in Iron Age societies that were engaged in wide-reaching networks producing and trading copper and softstone? Through mapping of architecture, surface collections, and test excavation, our ongoing research examines how small communities in the mountains and piedmonts were socially configured. Here we report on three of the four sites studied in early 2023: ʿAqīr al‑Shamūs, Ḥayy Ukur, and al-ʿAqar. Mapping of the fourth site, Raki 2, relies on alternative methods that are still being processed and will be reported in detail elsewhere. Our work has begun evaluating differences in the size, shape, abundance, and construction of architecture and surrounding water management and field systems. Preliminary results reveal a dense architectural plan with a possible public building at al-ʿAqar and broad similarities in architectural plans between ʿAqīr al-Shamūs, a specialized softstone production site, and Ḥayy Ukur, which lacks evidence of specialized production, suggesting autonomy as a likely social driver of the Iron Age settlement pattern.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Hafit period fuelwood preferences associated with early copper production at Building V, al-Khashbah, Oman - Proctor, Lucas; Döpper, Stephanie; Schmidt, Conrad (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2024)
Analyses of archaeological fuel remains can provide insight into pyrotechnologies, resource management, and the local environment. In this paper, we examine archaeological charcoals from Hafit period (3300–2700 BC) levels in Building V at al‑Khashbah (al-Khashaba), Oman, to understand fuel harvesting and burning preferences associated with early copper production. Building V is currently thought to be the earliest identified copper-production site in Oman based on the presence of abundant pyrotechnological remains, copper slag, and stratified radiocarbon results. Here, we build on previous anthracological work reconstructing woodland composition from the site. Anthracologists are increasingly recognising that fuelwood collection is often based on social or functional grounds rather than species availability. To that end, we have combined traditional taxonomic analysis with the application of dendro-anthracological methods to examine how intensive wood harvesting was for copper production and whether it had effects on the local vegetation. Dendrological reconstruction of wood calibre and condition at burning combined with spatial patterning of remains provides a more nuanced view of these preferences than can be achieved through taxonomic analysis alone.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Socio-political factors influencing early Islamic copper production in Oman - Zaribaf, Amir; Lehner, Joseph; Paulsen, Paige; Dumitru, Ioana A.; Sivitskis, Alexander; Arsenault, Bradley; Fisher, Brendan; Buffington, Abigail; Dollarhide, Eli; Harrower, Michael J. (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2024)
The early Islamic period was marked by a resurgence in large-scale copper production in south-east Arabia. This is in contrast to the preceding era (early first millennium BCE to the mid-first millennium CE) and its notable lack of evidence of copper production. Various external and internal factors, including a flourishing Indian Ocean trade and environmental limitations, have been suggested as factors in this renewal and in its subsequent decline. However, the socio-political and economic factors that formed the framework for industrial growth during this transformative period are rarely considered. This paper delves deeper into the socio-political background of the early Islamic period in relation to industrial growth in south-east Arabia. To bridge the gap between historical and archaeological evidence, we also present new data from surveys and excavations conducted at early Islamic industrial sites in Wadī al‑Rākī, Oman. These findings offer new insights into the history of large-scale copper processing in the region.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

التجارة الإباضية ودورها في نشر الاسلام بالسودان الغربي من خلال المصادر الإباضية - الزرويل, صالح (عصور, 2024)
انتشر الإسلام في ربوع بلاد السودان الغربي في وقت مبكر، ويعود الفضل في ذلك لمختلف التجار الدعاة الذين استطاعوا بمعاملاتهم التجارية وأخلاقهم الإسلامية السامية أن يؤثروا في عامة شعوب جنوب الصحراء وخاصتهم، وكان التجار الإباضيون من بين أولئك الذين أسلمت على أيديهم جحافل كبيرة من ساكنة المنطقة. فالتجارة الإباضية موغلة في القدم مع تلك الربوع، وقد تحدثت عنها كتب التاريخ فضلا عن كتب الرحلات والجغرافية، وانفردت بذكر أسمائهم المصادر التاريخية الإباضية التي تم تأليفها خلال الفترة الوسيطة مثل: سير الورجلاني وطبقات الدرجيني وسير الشماخي. بتتبّعنا وفق مسار كرونولوجي لقائمة أولئك التجار؛ وجدنا بأن التجارة والتجار الاباضيون كانوا في وتيرة متباينة عبر القرون، وأن التجارة الإباضية كانت ذات أبعاد دينية واجتماعية وسياسية فضلا عن البعد الاقتصادي الرئيس، وأن الأشخاص الذين تداولت أسماؤهم مختلف كتب السير والطبقات لم يكونوا ذوو مستوى عال من العلم، أو مناصب عليا في بلدانهم، لكن أمانتهم ونزاهتهم في معاملاتهم التجارية جعلت سكان مناطق بلاد السودان وممالكها تعتنق الإسلام أفواجا. Islam spread throughout Western Sudan at an early date, who, through their commercial dealings and their lofty Islamic morals, were able to influence the generality of the peoples of sub-Saharan Africa and their own. The Ibadi merchants were among those through whom large hordes of the region’s inhabitants converted to Islam. Ibadi trade with those regions is very ancient, and the Ibadi historical sources that were written during the intermediate period are the only ones mentioned by their names, such as: The Biography of Tabaqat Al-Darjini,. By following a chronological path to the list of these merchants; We found that Ibadi merchants were at a different pace over the centuries, and that had religious, social, and political dimensions in addition to the main economic dimension, However, their honesty and integrity in their commercial dealings made the inhabitants of Sudan’s regions and kingdoms embrace Islam in droves.
Keywords: Commerce transsaharien

نحو تصنيف جغرافي جديد للمجموعات اللهجيّة في سلطنة عُمان - الكثيري, عامر (مجلة الآداب, 2024)
تسعى هذه الدراسة إلى تقديم تصنيف جغرافي جديد للمجموعات اللهجية في سلطنة عمان انطلاقا من التصنيف الذي وضعه كلايف هولز (Clive Holes) للمجموعات اللهجية في شمال سلطنة عمان ووسطها في مقالته المنشورة عام 1989، التي حددها - بناء على الوحدات اللغوية الصوتية والصرفية- في أربع مجموعات لهجية: مجموعتين بدويتين ومجموعتين حضريتين. وتروم الدراسة الحالية متابعة عدد من الوحدات اللغوية التي وظّفها كلايف هولز في النطاق الجغرافي المحدد عنده بـ 15 موقعا جغرافيا؛ بغية مقارنة أوجه الاتفاق والاختلاف بين الدراسة الحالية ودراسة هولز، فضلا عن ذلك فإن الدراسة تسعى إلى رصد الصور المنطوقة لهذه الوحدات اللغوية في نطاق جغرافي أوسع من النطاق الذي حدّده هولز، يشمل المجموعات اللهجية في محافظتي ظفار ومسندم، التي استبعدها كلايف هولز من دراسته. وقد جُمعت المادة اللغوية لهذه الدراسة من زيارات ميدانية قام بها الباحث بين عامي 2018 و2019 إلى مختلف محافظات سلطنة عمان. وخلصت الدراسة بناء على الوحدات اللغوية المدروسة إلى أن بعض ما أورده هولز على أنه مجموعة لهجية واحدة يمكن أن يدرج في مجموعتين لهجيتين أو أكثر، إذ إن مجموعة (بدو1) عند هولز تضعها الدراسة الحالية في ثلاث مجموعات لهجية، هي: المجموعة البدوية في محافظة البريمي، والمجموعة البدوية في محافظة شمال الباطنة، والمجموعة البدوية في محافظة جنوب الشرقية. وتضيف الدراسة أيضا مجموعة لهجية جديدة في النطاق الجغرافي الحضري الذي حدده هولز، هي: المجموعة الحضرية في محافظة الظاهرة والمناطق الجبلية المتصلة بها في ولاية الخابورة بمحافظة شمال الباطنة، وتضيف الدراسة كذلك مجموعات لهجية في المناطق التي استبعدها هولز، مثل: المجموعة الحضرية في محافظة مسندم، والمجموعين الحضرية والبدوية في محافظة ظفار. ولعلّ مردّ بعض هذه الاختلافات راجع إلى التطورات الصوتية والصرفية التي حدثت خلال المدة الزمنية بين دراسة هولز والدراسة الحالية.
Keywords: Linguistique – Oman

فعاليّة النّظام التّربوي وإعادة إنتاج قيم مجتمع الأم : دراسة ميدانيّة لمجموعة من المدارس الحرّة خارج وادي مزاب - عيسى, حمو عبد الله (جامعة مولود معمري, 2024)
تندرج هذه الدراسة الموسومة بـ "فعاليّة النّظام التربويّ وإعادة إنتاج قيم مجتمع الأمّ –دراسة ميدانيّة لمجموعةمن المدارس الحرّة خارج وادي مزاب-" ضمن تخصص علم اجتماع تربوي، والتي تهدف إلى: محاولة التعرّف على مجمل المدارس الحرّة المزابيّة خارج مزاب في العصر الحاضر، والكشف عن دور المدرسة في إعادة إنتاج القيمالاجتماعيّة و الوقوف على مدى تأثير الفكر الاستراتيجي للمدير في إعادة إنتاج قيم مجتمع الأم.كذلك الوقوف على مدى تأثير طرق التدريس التي يمارسها أستاذ المدرسة الحرّة المزابيّة خارج مزاب على إعادة إنتاج قيم مجتمع الأم. ومدى تأثير التزام الأستاذ بالقيمالاجتماعيّة في إعادة إنتاج قيم مجتمع الأم.لتحقيق هذه الأهداف تمّت صياغة التساؤل الرئيس التالي: " إلى أي مدى تؤثر فعاليّة النظام التربوي للمدارس الحرّة خارج وادي مزاب في إعادة إنتاج قيم مجتمع الأمّ؟" اعتمد الباحث في هذه الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي العلمي الذي يصف الظاهرة كما وكيفا وتمّ اعتماد الاستمارة كأداة رئيسة لجمع البيانات، والمقابلة كأداة مدعّمة. أجريت الدراسة على عينة متنوعة من مدراء ينسبة 15%، وأساتذة بنسبة 8.33%. وتلاميذ بنسبة 13.44%.، وقد تم اختيارهم بطريقة قصدية مجاليّة موزعين على (15) مدرسة حرّة. وخلصتالدراسة إلى النتائج التاليّة:  كلّما اتجهت القيادة التربويّة نحو التمسّك بالفكر الاستراتيجي كان إعادة إنتاج قيم مجتمع الأم أكثر ظهورًا.  كلّما كان الأستاذ أكثر التزامًا وتمسّكًا بقيم مجتمع الأم كان إعادة إنتاج قيم مجتمع الأم أكثر وضوحًا.  لا علاقة لطرق التدريس بالمقاربة بالكفاءات بإعادة إنتاج قيم مجتمع الأم في المدرسة الحرّة المزابيّة خارج مزاب.
Keywords: Enseignement – Mzab

Connectivités djerbiennes : globalisations méditerranéennes des Juifs de Djerba - Albera, Dionigi; Morvan, Yoann (Journal des anthropologues, 2022)
Le workshop international « Connectivités djerbiennes : Globalisations méditerranéennes des Juifs de Djerba » que nous avons co-organisé, initialement prévu en mars 2020 à l'IMéRA à Marseille, s'est finalement tenu en présentiel les 27 et 28 juin 2022. Son objectif était d'inaugurer une recherche collective et pluridisciplinaire menée dans le cadre d'un programme financé par l'A*Midex (Aix-Marseille univ.) en partenariat avec le Centre de recherche français à Jérusalem (CRFJ) et l'Institut de recherche sur le Maghreb contemporain (IRMC) à Tunis. Les difficultés d'organisation d'événements internationaux durant la pandémie COVID-19 ont conduit à reporter cet atelier au terme de ce programme, même si un certain nombre d'événements intermédiaires 3 ont permis de jalonner la mise en dialogue des différentes recherches effectuées par les membres du groupe. Celui-ci se compose d'universitaires français, israéliens et tunisiens, en mesure d'appréhender la diaspora des Juifs de Djerba dans ses points d'ancrages principaux, qui établissent entre eux diverses connectivités, et dessinent de façon originale une globalisation méditerranéenne nourrie d'échanges sud-sud.
Keywords: Judaïsme – Djerba

Reading Ancient Folk Literature the Omani Story of “Abu Qahifa” Is an Example - Siddig, Omar Ahmed; Siddig, Babikir Eltigani; Elmahi, Abdallah (Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 2024)
The research deals with a popular tale from the ancient Omani heritage. In our research, we tried to learn about the Omani heritage and the distinct Omani culture, especially its literary heritage. We dealt with the story with literary criticism and analysis, and we focused on the characters of the story, the method of narration, the language, the presentation, the quality of the wording, the artistic plot, the fertile imagination, and the idea that derived its roots from the Omani culture and imagination. In our research, we followed the descriptive and analytical approach that is consistent with the subject of the folk tale.
Keywords: Littérature – Oman

In Tunisia, Opening a World of Opportunities for Girls (JDC, 2021)
For the past 14 years, the JDC-supported Kanfei Yonah school in Djerba, Tunisia, has given young girls and women access to education.
Keywords: Enseignement – Djerba; Judaïsme – Djerba

Ecrits berbères en fragments : édition bilingue français-kabyle - Lechani, Mohand Saïd (Geuthner, 2024)
Keywords: Linguistique – Kabylie

Each egg, a wish on the Jewish pilgrimage to the strange Tunisian synagogue - Israel, Noticias Aurora; Abel, Pablo (2022)
Each egg, a wish on the Jewish pilgrimage to the strange Tunisian synagogue
Keywords: Judaïsme – Djerba

ملامح الحركة الفكريّة في جربة: (منطقة سدويكش) : مع تحقيق نصوص مخطوطة 11ه/17م - بن يحياتن, ساسي بن عمر (اباديكا, 2020)
Keywords: Hâra; mosquée al- (Sedouikech; Djerba); Monuments – Djerba; Talâkin; Mosquée (Ghizen; Djerba); Tâjdît; Mosquée (Fâtû; Djerba); Tîwâjin; mosquée (Tîwâjin; Djerba)

Iran and Oman - Shamshiri-Fard, Marral (2020)
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Iran

Anticolonialism, Third Worldism, and the Cold War: Writing Transnational Decolonial Histories from Dhofar to Tehran - Shamshiri-Fard, Marral (2020)
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Iran

Challenging Empire in the Persian Gulf: Transnational Guerrilla Networks and Iranian Revolutionaries in Oman - Shamshiri-Fard, Marral (2020)
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Iran

Imperial Histories in the Arabian Peninsula: The Iranian Intervention in Oman (1972-1975) - Shamshiri-Fard, Marral (2020)
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Iran

Affective and Gendered Politics of Liberation: Anti-Imperialist Praxis and Solidarity with the Dhofar Revolution - Shamshiri-Fard, Marral (2020)
Institution: American Studies Association
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Iran

Crumbling History. The Fading material culture of the Tataouine Region and the Jebel Nafusa - Brizzi, Massimo; Thabti, Ali al-; Hddad, Mftah; Lazaar, Mabrouk; Leone, Anna; Othman, Ammar; Radini, Anita (2024)
Keywords: Sources – Djebel Nefousa; Sources – Matmata

L’activisme berbère libyen en ligne et en diaspora, depuis le printemps berbère - Labaied, Sami (2024)
Keywords: Berbérisme – Djebel Nefousa; Vie politique – Djebel Nefousa

المجتمع النفوسي خلال العصر الوسيط جدلية المحلي والوافد - الزواري, محمد (منشورات مقدمة, 2024)
Keywords: Moeurs et coutumes – Djebel Nefousa

An Explorative Study: The History Of Slavery In The Sultanate Of Oman - Kasbi, Yousef al-; Chellathurai, Godwin John (Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 2024)
The social changes that have occurred in the lives of slaves in Oman, a cultural study particularly about the conceptual situation and its impact on the social status of slaves, which continued even after the complete prohibition of the slave trade and the adoption of the Basic Law, present a problem for this research on slavery in Oman. The aim of this research is to shed light on the history of slaves as a practice and its impact on humanity and on the Omani society. The problem of research is the social transformation of slaves, especially after the prohibition of this slave trade, but it is practiced in a different sense until the present in certain places. The historical and descriptive analytical approach was followed in this study to reach the results. The Omani view of slaves after the liberation processes, both in the heart of Islam and after the international conventions that approved the principle of equality, the prohibition contributed to the formation of classes that had the role and the supreme illusion of the Renaissance of Oman that the Arab view of slaves, especially African, was undesirable, thus leading to conflicts in society to this day.
Keywords: Esclavage – Oman

الوهابية الرستمية: نشأتها وتاريخها - آل الشيخ, عبد اللطيف بن عبد العزيز (2024)
Keywords: Polémique wahhabite – 2000-....

Amity, Commerce, and Compromise: Americans, Indians, and the Evolution of Trade on Zanzibar and across the Western Indian Ocean, 1825–1861 - Morrison, Joshua S. C. (Journal of World History, 2024)
During the early nineteenth century, the Omani outpost of Zanzibar emerged as a leading marketplace in the Western Indian Ocean. The island's economic expansion depended heavily on a community of well-connected Indian merchants. The port's rising fortunes also attracted traders from farther afield. By 1826, American merchants had reached the island. Although Americans had decades of experience in the region, they struggled to turn a profit on Zanzibar. Over time, American traders realized that commercial success depended on a strong relationship with the island's Indian community. By the 1840s, the American consul, Richard Waters, and Zanzibar's custom master, Jairam Shivji, had formed a lucrative arrangement exchanging commodities. Waters, Shivji, and their peers developed a commercial framework that melded key precepts of Indian Ocean trade with their Atlantic equivalents. Aided by bilingual commodity contracts, trade between the United States and Zanzibar flourished. In time, the island served as a crucial springboard for American ventures to India. With the help of Parsi firms, Waters and his successors incorporated Bombay into their trade routes. In turn, the city's economic expansion reshaped trade in East Africa. By the American Civil War, commercial intelligence and British credit from Bombay contributed to Americans' success on Zanzibar.
Keywords: Zanzibar – Commerce – 19e siècle

تاريخ وحضارة مدينة سدراتة الأثرية بالجنوب الشرقي الجزائري – نموذج للمدينة الإسلامية- - بن صغير حضري, يمينة (مجلة الواحات للبحوث والدراسات, 2024)
يزخر المغرب الإسلامي بنماذج لمدن كان لها دور تاريخي وحضاري، اختلفت أسباب وجودها وعوامل تطورها كالقيروان، وبجاية، وتلمسان، ومراكش، وفاس ....وغيرها، وتعد مدينة سدراتة بالجنوب الشرقي الجزائري نموذجا للمدن الإسلامية التي اختلفت عن النمط المعماري الصحراوي المعروف بالقصور، فجاءت كجوهرة في وسط الرمال، إذ اعتبرت العاصمة الإباضية الثانية بعد سقوط الدولة الرستمية 296ه /909 م بتيهرت، فبعد عطاء دام أكثر من ثلاثة قرون خربت هده المدينة على يد ابن غانية الميورقي سنة 426 / 1236، فهجرها السكان وغطتها الرمال بمرور الزمن، وقد لفتت هذه المدينة أنظار الباحثين الغربيين أثناء الاستعمار الفرنسي فأجريت بها العديد من الحفريات الأثرية على يد كل من الباحث لارجو ، وهارولد تاردي ، وبول بلانشي، وفوشي ، و أخرها حفرية مارغريت فان برشم ، والتي كان من نتائجها العثور على بعض معالم المدينة، والعديد من البقايا الأثرية المتنوعة خاصة القطع الجصية المزخرفة، التي نقل العديد منها إلى متاحف فرنسا، كما وضع جزء منها بالمتحف الوطني للفنون الإسلامية بالجزائر العاصمة، وبالرغم من محاولة بعض الباحثين الجزائريين في السنوات الأخيرة لإجراء بعض الحفريات والبحوث أكاديمية إلا أن أكثرها لم ينشر، والمدينة اليوم تغطيها الرمال كليا، لا يعرفها الجزائريون إلا من خلال المؤرخين. The Islamic Maghreb is full of exemplary of cities that had a historical and cultural role. The reason for their existence and the factors of their development are different, such as Kairaoiane, Bejaia, Tlemcen, Marrakech, Fes … The city of Sedrata in the south east of Algeria is considered as a model of the Islamic cities which differ from the desert architectural style known as Kesour(palaces). It appears as a diamond in the middle of sand. Sedrata was considered the second Ibadi capital after the fall of the state of Rustamid 296 / 909, in Tiaret. After more than three centuries, Sedrata was destroyed by Ibn Ghania Elmaiorgy in 296 / 909. Tts inhabitants abandoned it then it was covered by sand over time. During the French colonialism, Sedrata attracted the attention of Western researchers; many archaeological excavations were conducted by Largeau, Arold Tardy, Paul Blanchet, Faucher and Margierte. The last of which was conducted by Van Berchem who managed to discover some landmarks of the city, many various archaeological remains, especially decorative plaster pieces, many of which were transferred to museums of France. A part of these archaeological was also placed in the national museum of Muslim Art in Algiers- Algeria. Although some Algerian researchers have tried recently to conduct some excavations and carry out some academic research, but most of them havn’t been published. Today, the city is completely covered in sand and the Algerians only know it through Historians.
Keywords: Archéologie – Sedrata

L'orientalisme en train de se faire: une enquête collective sur les études orientales dans l'Algérie coloniale - Bossaert, Marie; Jomier, Augustin; Szurek, Emmanuel (Editions Ehess, 2024)
Keywords: Orientalisme – France

التفكير السياسي لعمرو خليفة النامي قراءة في كلمات إلى الثورة أنموذجًا - إبراهيم, خالد علي (2024)
Keywords: Ennami; Amr (1939-198X); Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

من أعلام النفوسيين الراحلين في ليبيا د. ساسي سالم ساسي الحاج (1944-1998م) - الحاج, مارن ساسي سالم (2024)
Keywords: Biographies – Djebel Nefousa – 20e siècle

ملامح نفوسية جديدة من خلال وصية الشيخ إسماعيل بن موسى الجيطالي وجوابه على رسالة سالم بن مسعود الحامي - الحاج موسى, بشير بن موسى (2024)
Keywords: Jayṭālī; Ismāʿīl b. Mūsà (13..-1350); Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

وجوه التثاقف في جدل شيوخ نفوسة وعلماء جامع الزيتونة من خلال نماذج من مدوّنات السّير الإباضية حتّى القرن الهجري العاشر - الحسين, الهاشمي (2024)
Keywords: Prosopographie – Djebel Nefousa

جهود الشهيد عمرو النامي في خدمة كتب الحديث ورجاله - السيابي, حاتم بن رشيد (2024)
Keywords: Ennami; Amr (1939-198X); Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

علماء تندميرة ورحلات رجالها العلمية - السيفاو, أيوب عمرو (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

جبل نفوسة وعلماؤه في عيون مؤلّفي سير الإباضية وطبقاتها: الشماخي أنموذجا - الطرابلسي, حنان (2024)
Keywords: Prosopographie – Djebel Nefousa

نماذج من رحلات العلم لشيوخ نفوسة (الدوافع والأهمية) حتى القرن الثامن الهجري - الطيف, علي حامد (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

أثر مؤلفات المغاربة على مؤلفات المشارقة - دراسة تحليلية - - العبدلي, خالد بن محمد (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

أثر رحلة العلماء النفوسيين إلى المشرق على الحركة العلمية والفكرية في جبل نفوسة (رحلة ابن مغطير الجناوني إلى البصرة نموذجا) - القلال, إبراهيم علي (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

حملة العلم وسلسلة نسب الدين وأثرها في نقل العلم والدعوة إلى نفوسة وزوارة دراسة استقرائية تحليلية - الكندي, أحمد بن يحيى بن أحمد (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

قصيدة الشاعر اللواح الخروصي في ذكر بعض معاصريه من أعلام الإباضية المغاربة ومواطنهم - الناصري, أحمد بن علي (2024)
Keywords: Poésie – Oman

محددات علم التفسير - الوائلي, سعيد بن سليمان (2024)
Keywords: Coran – Commentaires

جوانب من التواصل العلمي بين أعلام زوارة ووادي مزاب على عهد القطب اطفيش (ت : 1332 ه/ 1914 م) - باعمارة, بكير بن سليمان (2024)
Keywords: Atfiyyash; Muhammad b. Yusuf (1821-1914); Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

من جبل نفوسة وزوارة إلى أفق التواصل: دور العلماء في تعزيز الفهم بين ثقافتي المشرق والمغرب - براك, خضرة; بوخريص, حدة أزهار (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

القسمة وأصول الأرضين قراءة هندسية من زاوية الإرغنوميا (الهندسة البشرية) لأبي العباس أحمد بن محمد بن بكر الفرسطائي النفوسي (ت 504 ه/ 1110م) - بن باحمد, عيسى بايوب (2024)
Keywords: Furṣuṭāʾī; Muḥammad b. Bakr; Urbanisme – Djebel Nefousa

الشيخ علي يحيى معمر ومنهجه في نقده كُتّاب المقالات - بن حديد, فوزي بن يونس (2024)
Keywords: Muʿammar; Ali Yahya (19XX-1984); Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

نص السيرة لأعلام نفوسة (سير لنساء إباضيات) - بن زايد, أحمد محمد (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

مملكة النساء الأمازيغيات: الهلاك للطاغية - بوليفه, منصور (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

الخطاب الدعوي عند الشيخ علي يحي معمر من خلال مؤلفاته دراسة نقدية تحليلية - تفوشيت, خالد سعيد (2024)
Keywords: Muʿammar; Ali Yahya (19XX-1984); Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

التعليل الفقهي عند الشيخ عامر بن علي الشماخي من خلال كتابه الإيضاح - تمزغين, يوسف بن علي (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

طوبونيميا جبل نفوسة من خلال كتاب "تسمية شيوخ جبل نفوسة وقراهم" - حاج أمحمد, يحيى بن بهون (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

القضاء والقضاة في جبل نفوسة - حاج إبراهيم, عبد الرحمان (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

الحضور النفوسي في مصر من خلال مخطوطات وكالة الجاموس - حاج امحمد, عيسى (2024)
Keywords: Emigration – Djebel Nefousa – Egypte

كتاب القسمة للفرسطائي النفوسي (ق 5 ه / 11 م) " أنموذجا" للتنمية المستدامة لمياه - زايد, أسماء موسى (2024)
Keywords: Urbanisme – Djebel Nefousa

المؤلفات الإباضية الليبية - دراسة ببلوغرافية على الكتب ومؤلفيها - زندوح, منير محمد خليفة (2024)
Keywords: Bibliographie – Djebel Nefousa

إسهامات علماء وأعلام الجبل الغربي (نفوسة) في النصف الأخير من القرن التاسع عشر وأوائل القرن العشرين - سليمان, المبروك محمود; ابسيس, عبد الحميد (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

مراكز العلم في جبل نفوسة العهد الرستمي النشأة والأهمية - سميو, علي محمد; الطيف, علي حامد (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

علماء جبل نفوسة ودورهم في الحركة العلمية (2-6هـ/8-12م) - سميو, علي محمد; عماري, سهام ميلاد (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

الحضور النفوسي في مخطوطات دار إروان تغردايت تأليفا ونسخا - عمي سعيد, عبد الفتاح; بابا نجار, إلياس (2024)
Keywords: Manuscrits – Mzab

منهج المرافقة التربوية في تخريج العلماء من خلال كتب السير في نفوسة إلى غاية القرن - عيسى, زكريا بن صالح (2024)
Keywords: Enseignement – Djebel Nefousa

بيع الانفساخ في أدبيات التراث النفوسي، وآثاره الاقتصادية - غانم, عمرو محمد (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

الدكتور أحمد مسعود العزابي وأطروحته اللسانية؛ سيرة ذاتية وقراءة علمية - غزالة, عبد الجليل أبوبكر (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

المدخل لدراسة منهجية علماء الإباضية في التأليف ديوان العزابة أنموذجا - غزالة, مسعود عيسى (2024)
Keywords: Fiqh – Traité – 11e siècle; Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

أخبار عمروس بن فتح النفوسي: الأس الثقافي للمذهب الإباضي بين طلب الإفادة مشرقا وفاكهة الشهادة مغربا - فارس, محمد (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

الحوار الأسري عند الشيخ علي يحيى معمر من خلال كتابه سمر أسرة مسلمة - فخار, حمو بن إبراهيم; دبوز, سعيد (2024)
Keywords: Muʿammar; Ali Yahya (19XX-1984); Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

سيرة الشيخ الدكتور: نادر سنوسي العمراني - قري, ذهبية عاشور (2024)
Keywords: Biographies – Libye

شاهد عيان على سيرة عالم وباحث إباضي راحل (د/ عمرو خليفة النامي) - قنان, محمد مسعود (2024)
Keywords: Ennami; Amr (1939-198X); Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

معالم التواصل العلمي بين جبل نفوسة ووادي مزاب في القرون الثلاثة الأخيرة - كروم, أحمد بن حمو (2024)
Keywords: Relations – Djebel Nefousa – Mzab

الدكتور والبصير والصبور (السيرة والإنجازات والعلاقات) - مصلح, أحمد بن مهني (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

قصور الطوق مقاربة بين الجغرافيا والتاريخ - ورغ, كامل سعيد; عثمان, ميلود محمد; ورغ, هبه كامل (2024)
Keywords: Vie intellectuelle – Djebel Nefousa

La khuṭba d’Abū Ḥamza al-Shārī : soulèvement ibāḍite et rhétorique de la contestation en péninsule Arabique au second siècle de l’Islam. Traduction commentée d’une version inédite du sermon - Baptiste, Enki (Al-ʿuṣūr al-wusṭa, The Bulletin of Middle East Medievalists, 2024)
Cet article est une enquête sur la célèbre khuṭba attribuée à Abū Ḥamza al-Shārī. Ce dernier fut chef de guerre ibāḍite pour le compte de ʿAbd Allāh b. Yaḥyā. Il occupa La Mecque et Médine au milieu du iie/viiie siècle à l’issue d’une révolte d’inspiration ibāḍite qui avait démarré dans les zones reculées du Ḥaḍramawt. La khuṭba est bien connue depuis des décennies dans la mesure où des fragments du prêche ont été disséminés dans différentes sources sunnites et shīʿites. Néanmoins, peu de travaux ont, jusqu’à présent, cherché à comprendre le sermon dans son contexte plus large. De même, nous ne disposons d’aucune traduction complète. Cet article se divise en deux parties. La première est consacrée à l’histoire de l’ibāḍisme dans la péninsule Arabique au cours du iie/viiie siècle. Nous proposons des hypothèses explicatives quant aux multiples raisons ayant poussé ʿAbd Allāh b. Yaḥyā à entrer en rébellion contre les Umayyades. Nous offrons également des éléments de commentaire sur la khuṭba, en vue de faciliter sa lecture. La deuxième partie contient la traduction française de la version la plus longue du sermon dont nous disposons et qui se trouve dans une source ibāḍite méconnue composée à Oman au xviiiie siècle
Keywords: Abū Ḥamza al-Mukhtār b. ʿAwf; Kindi; ʿAbd Allāh b. Yaḥyā al-; Révoltes – Histoire

Berber isnin and “Defined Numerals” - Brugnatelli, Vermondo (The Handbook of Berber Linguistics, 2024)
This paper deals with “defined” numerals, i.e. numerals used in a context where the number of items is already known, like English ‘both’ (‘the two’). Quantifiers referring to two items like ‘both’ are quite widespread in the languages of the world, and most of the Berber languages, too, possess a word, isnin, which is evidently built on the numeral ‘two’ (sin) and means ‘both’. Nevertheless, some Berber languages also display numerals meaning ‘the three’, ‘the four’ etc. This paper aims at describing such peculiar numerals and at providing a diachronic explanation of their origin. This reconstruction implies the presence of the ancient morphemes of determination that nowadays have been merged into all nouns, losing their original meaning and becoming simple nominal marks.
Keywords: Linguistique

The Berbers in Tunisia: Mistaken Identity Amid Contentious Politics in Post-Arab Spring Tunisia - Gabsi, Zouhir (The Handbook of Berber Linguistics, 2024)
The Berbers of Tunisia form a small minority group inhabiting southern Tunisia with its rich and indelible history. They are ethnically and linguistically distinguishable from the rest of the population despite attempts by local governments, past and present, to describe them as jbāliyye “inhabitants of the mountains” with no reference to their linguistic and Berber heritage. It is a case of “mistaken identity.” They are not Arabs despite their bilingual situation, as there are no more Berber monolinguals in Tunisia. With Ben Ali’s fall in January 2011, there are renewed and emerging local and international voices that call to recognize this group as an ethnically and linguistically diverse group with new demands to teach the Berber language and hear it spoken in schools. However, these calls create a sense of division within the country, which drives the narrative that supporting the Berber cause may be regarded as treason. This debate is part and parcel of what is referred to as contentious politics. The chapter aims to discuss some of the issues related to the Berber case in Tunisia, and attempts to find solutions to safeguard this heritage without recourse to violence. In doing so, the chapter attempts to answer three fundamental questions: First, what is the Berbers’ current situation today? Second, why do the Berbers feel crushed between their desire to maintain their language and culture – and to succumb to a separatist call ideology? Third, how can the Berbers in Tunisia restore their mistaken identity within the government language policy and demand to be recognized for their linguistic heritage?
Keywords: Berbérisme – Djerba; Vie politique – Djerba – 2011-....

Tunisie : à Djerba, l'eau est devenue rare - Merelle, Loreline (Arte, 2023)
En Tunisie, l'île de Djerba fait face à sa quatrième année de sécheresse consécutive. Les 163 000 habitants de l'île connaissent des coupures d'eau et pour la première fois, les hôtels de Djerba aussi. Les réservoirs mis en place ne suffisent plus à répondre à la demande en eau du million de touristes attendus cette année. La population locale, quant à elle, récupère l'eau de pluie et l'utilise comme eau potable.
Keywords: Tourisme – Djerba

Tunisie: une communauté musulmane se tourne vers l'IA pour préserver son héritage - AFP (Agence France Presse, 2024)
Dans sa modeste maison de l'île tunisienne de Djerba, Said Al-Barouni s'est donné pour mission, à l'aide des technologies et de l'intelligence artificielle, de préserver l'héritage de sa communauté ibadite, un courant minoritaire et modéré de l'islam. "Regardez ce que l'humidité de...
Keywords: Bibliothèques – Djerba; Manuscrits – Djerba

Tunisian Muslim community turns to AI to save heritage - Bounab, Youcef (Al-Monitor, 2024)
In an unassuming house on the Tunisian island of Djerba, Said al-Barouni embarked on a mission to safeguard his Muslim community's little-known heritage, using technology and AI to save age-old religious manuscripts.The 74-year-old librarian and member of the Islamic offshoot Ibadism took up the reins of his family's six-generation library in the 1960s and has been in a race against time to preserve whatever Ibadi manuscripts he can find.
Keywords: Bibliothèques – Djerba

L’exode des juifs d’Algérie en France - Abitbol, Michel (Histoire des juifs en France, 2024)
Depuis l’époque gallo-romaine, l’histoire des Juifs en France ne cesse d'osciller entre ombre et lumière. Tantôt protecteur bienveillant, tantôt despote ostracisant, le pays des Francs demeure ambigu vis-à-vis de l’une des plus vieilles communautés d’Europe. Comment expliquer cette attitude paradoxale ? La France, indéniablement, est une terre d’accueil depuis des siècles pour le peuple juif. Dès le Moyen Âge, la culture hébraïque est partout présente et respectée. Bien après, la Révolution permet même aux Juifs d’accéder à la citoyenneté, tandis que le Premier Empire les unifie sous l’égide d’une organisation centrale. Puis, la Restauration, Napoléon III et enfin la République facilitent leur promotion économique, politique et sociale. Après l’Occupation, les israélites français – avec l’aide d’organisations juives internationales – se dotent d’institutions pour répondre à leurs nouveaux besoins. Enfin, la guerre d’Algérie et la décolonisation font de la France l’un des trois pôles les plus dynamiques du judaïsme mondial (après Israël et les États-Unis). Mais parallèlement, comment oublier que, dès 1209, la croisade contre les hérétiques entraîne leur persécution puis leur massacre ? Qu’on les accuse de propager la peste noire au XIVe siècle ? Que l’affaire Dreyfus est encore à ce jour la pire erreur judiciaire commise par antisémitisme ? Qu’un quart de la population juive à péri pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale à cause du régime de Vichy ? Plus récemment, que des assassins comme les frères Merah ou Amedy Coulibaly répandent un antijudaïsme sanguinaire d’un genre nouveau ? À la lumière des recherches les plus récentes, le grand historien Michel Abitbol répond à toutes ces questions et à beaucoup d’autres. Partant, il propose une synthèse remarquable sur la relation longue, complexe et ambiguë entre un peuple et un pays.
Keywords: Judaïsme – Mzab

The conflict between tradition and feminism in Oman (Case study: Al-Tawaf Haith Al-Jamar) - Amin Moghaddasi, Abolhasan; Afzali, Ali; Bigdeli, Narges (Woman in Development & Politics, 2024)
Introduction:The starting point of female criticism coincides with liberation from the linear stereotypes of men's literary history. Feminist literary criticism does not mean to eliminate the differences in the way of writing between women and men, and in this type of criticism, gender differences do not become meaningless, but the purpose of this criticism is to understand women's writing in order to reach a broader perspective of women's reality. In the 19th century, novel writing was considered a purely masculine practice, and mentioning a female novelist caused suspicion, shame, surprise, and misogyny towards the author. The intellectual endeavors of women in less than two hundred years, has opened up new perspectives on human knowledge and raised many important questions. But the astonishing variety and conflict of ideas themselves has become a barrier to understanding how and why they are. Feminist critique examines the role of women in the two axes of the creator of the work (the woman as the writer) and the created personality (the face presented by the woman in the works of the authors). The experience of writing a novel is considered one of the modern literary experiences in the Sultanate of Oman, and its history does not exceed a few decades. The Al-Tawaf Haith Al-Jamar is considered the first women's novel in Oman and its protagonist in life is a kind of victim of patriarchy. The first appearance of women in the field of Omani novel writing took place in 1999 with the novel Al-Tawaf Hayat al-Jamar by Badria Al-Shihhi. Methodology:In this study, the authors try to use the feminist approach and descriptive analytical method to examine the characters of the story and put their actions according to the characteristics of each of the stages of imitation, protest and self-discovery in the classification of feminist criticism and the evolution Identify and analyze them in each of these stages and seek to find answers to these questions: What are the most obvious feminist components in Al-Tawaf Haith Al-Jamar’s novel? Results:Omani novelist Badria Al Shهhhi, in her novel “Al-Tawaf Hayat al-Jamar,” shed light on an important historical stage in the history of her country, which was characterized by the Omani presence in Zanzibar, Africa, and how rebellious movements were raging in several hotspots there, warning of the occurrence of disasters that would cause historical tragedies. In parallel, it monitors a number of social, commercial and economic transformations that interacted and exploded in ways that were not devoid of cruelty and brutality through its characters, which are decorated with contradictions and contradictions. It does not philosophize much in trying to understand the changes that are sweeping it, but rather goes with the waves as if it were part of the movement of the scene with its confusions, strangeness and madness. Badria Al-Shihhi is the first Omani female novelist, and ironically, her first novel is also a feminist novel that, after forty years of silence, steps into the field of literature not to imitate men, but to shout and protest. Widowed at a young age, Zahra finds herself being forced into a hasty marriage to her cousin. Having been conditioned by her family and society to perennially obey society’s diktats, taking destiny into her own hands seems nigh impossible. Her radical decision to do so takes her on the journey of discovery from an Omani village perched atop a mountain to the East African coast. But of more importance than her physical journey through space is her internal one: of how far Zahra has to go to be free from the shackles of discrimination to finally find her place in the world, and what that search for independence holds for her. The findings of the research show that components such as protest, self-expression, violence, suppression of female instinct, taboo breaking have the most contribution in this novel and make it a part of feminist works. Although traces of self-awareness can be seen in this novel, by choosing to isolate the hero, the author has deprived him of reaching the stage of turning inward and self-discovery to find an individual identity and away from any imitation and protest.Conclusion:Al-Tawaf Haith Al-Jamar presents a model of a woman's efforts to liberate herself and not accept outdated patriarchal traditions. The revolution of this woman against the patriarchal society was parallel to the revolution of the African people against the Arabs who invaded their country and took over their lives and property. The author depicts the hardships that this woman endured on the way to achieving her dreams, as well as the financial and life losses that the African people suffered to realize their freedom; It seeks to prove that no freedom comes without a cost. The name he chose for this novel also indicates its content, because tawaf means an endless cycle and sequence that shows the continuation of this struggle. This novel was written in protest against male writing standards and the presentation of a stereotypical image of women, and it prioritized the defense of women's rights and women's idealism. Badria al-Shihhi shows the emergence of self-hiding in a woman named Zohra after enduring the sufferings that have been imposed on her for three decades in her life; shows. A woman whose whole life is described as endless service. Now looking for a range to be heard and seen and discovered; becomes Badria al-Shihhi has used this character as a model for a better and ideal being. In this novel, there is only one woman who is on a ship as a small community and on a path whose limits and end are unclear and all the passengers are men; is in motion The plurality of men in the novel shows the majority of their determining presence in the real society and the fact that there is only one woman among them has a directional and appropriate link with the reality of women being in the minority and describes the society's inferior view of women. Badria al-Shihhi did not accept the silence and description compatible with the environment and used literature as a means to depict the oppression and oppression of women. He leads his protagonist towards self-awareness, but at the end of the novel, by dragging him into isolation and transsexuality, he has deprived him of reaching the stage of turning inward and self-discovery to find an individual identity and away from any imitation and protest.
Keywords: Littérature – Oman

Novità nello scriptorium dei Romani - Pappalardo, Umberto (Minima epigraphica et papyrologica, 2021)
Purchase online the PDF of Novità nello scriptorium dei Romani, Pappalardo, Umberto, 1949- -
Keywords: Archéologie – Djerba

Prigionia e riscatto: il capitano Gerolamo Roccabruna e la spedizione di Gerba del 1560 - Franca, Barbacovi (Studi trentini. Storia, 2020)
Keywords: Invasions chrétiennes – Djerba – 1560

Ritter Stefan, Ben Tahar Sami (éd.), Studies on the Urban History of Meninx (Djerba). The Meninx Archaeological Project, 2015–2019 (Archäologische Forschungen, 43), Wiesbaden, DAI-Reichert, 2022, 1 vol. 21 × 30, Volume I, 454 p. + 11 pl., 248 fig. n/b et coul., ISBN : 978-3-75200-611-7. - Bejaoui, Fathi (Revue archéologique, 2024)
Keywords: Archéologie – Djerba; Recension

The concept of symbol in the arts and the problem of communication Artistic identity through Amazigh symbols - Terbeche, Azeddine (Remittances review, 2024)
Keywords: Berbérisme – Arts

Architects of Time: Colonialism, Calendars, and Clocktowers on the East African Coast - Hirji, Zulfikar (Architectures of Colonialism: Constructed Histories, Conflicting Memories, 2024)
Keywords: Architecture – Zanzibar

Le mythe de la malédiction de Cham et la côte swahili - Belhacel, Abdelhakim (2024)
Keywords: Esclavage – Zanzibar

Understanding the Omani rule in East Africa in the 19th Century through the monsoon system - Belhacel, Abdelhakim (2024)
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Afrique de l'Est

La domination omanaise en Afrique de l’Est : réseaux, pouvoirs, hybridations, 1804-1884 - Belhacel, Abdelhakim (2024)
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Afrique de l'Est

The Kanem and Borno Sultanates (11th–19th Centuries) - Dewière, Rémi (Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History, 2024)
"The Kanem and Borno Sultanates (11th–19th Centuries)" published on by Oxford University Press.
Keywords: Tchad – Histoire

Contemporary Oman: The Sultan, the People and the Stability - Zweiri, Mahjoob; Qawasmi, Farah Al (Gerlach Press, 2024)
At a time of rapid international change and marked regional dynamism, the Sultanate of Oman is emerging as a nation of surprising significance. Oman is a unique case of a Gulf state strategically and culturally located at a crossroads between the Indian Ocean, the Arabian Sea and the Persian Gulf. From this position, the Sultanate has developed its own political identity and pursued a unique foreign policy in the turbulent Middle East region, enabling the country to survive and overcome the challenges of the region. Over the years, the Sultanate has earned the title "Switzerland of the Middle East" due to its political neutrality and its prominent role as a regional mediator and peacekeeper. Renowned local and international authors as well as promising younger scholars present studies on the history, politics, economy and culture of Oman.
Keywords: Vie politique – Oman – 1970-2020

Djerba et les mathématiques (Jamel Ouersighni, 2023)
Les mathématiques, science de la rigueur, du raisonnement logique et de l'esprit critique sont omniprésentes à Djerba. Elles sont présentes dans le quotidien des Djerbiens qui se distinguent par la bonne gestion de leur vie sociale et économique; elles sont présentes dans les commerces, les souks et les marchés; elles sont présentes dans l'organisation des menzels et dans l'exploitation des domaines agricoles ; elles sont présentes dans la conception architecturale des monuments historiques et des édifices religieux distingués par leur modestie et leur simplicité. Dans ce livre, l'auteur conjugue à la fois son amour pour l'île de Djerba et sa passion pour les mathématiques et leur enseignement. Il exprime son amour pour son île natale avec un style poético-mathématique particulier; il décrit les spécificités sociales et culturelles de Djerba, les particularités architecturales des figures géométriques qui composent les monuments historiques et les édifices religieux de l'île de Djerba avec un langage mathématique pertinent. Ce livre est une invitation à plonger dans l'univers secret de l'ile de Djerba afin de dévoiler ses trésors cachés et découvrir sa richesse culturelle et sociale, mais aussi un appel pour sauvegarder l'ile de Djerba et préserver son patrimoine précieux, préserver ses sites historiques et ses édifices religieux distingués par leur charme naturel et leur beauté dans un environnement naturel verdoyant, préserver ses villages distingués par leurs menzels, leurs ateliers de tissage et leurs champs d'oliviers, de palmiers et d'arbres fruitiers, préserver sa culture, ses coutumes et ses traditions pour qu'elle reste et pour toujours l'ile radieuse et enchantée, l'ile de la tolérance et de la paix
Keywords: Architecture – Djerba

عياد السويسي - البوكادي, علي (2024)
Keywords: Théâtre – Djerba

المنصف بالحاج يحيى - الجندوبي, حبيبة (2024)
Keywords: Théâtre – Djerba

فرحات يامون - بن تردايت, زهير (2024)
Keywords: Théâtre – Djerba

علي بن عياد - ادريس, محمد مسعود (2024)
Keywords: Théâtre – Djerba

أعالم المسرح التونسي أصيلي جزيرة جربة من خلال وثائق الأرشيف الوطني - بن معيز, نعيمة (2024)
Keywords: Théâtre – Djerba

حول الحرق الشعبي في الجزائر - بكلي, عبد الوهاب بن عبد الرحمان (مكتبة البكري, 2020)

La bataille de Ṣiffīn dans le Taʾrīkh al-rusul wa-l-mulūk d’al-Ṭabarī. Un événement au prisme du jihad et de la fabrique des héros - Bouali, Hassan (Représentations et symbolique de la guerre et de la paix dans le monde arabe, 2024)
Keywords: Fitnah; Sources – Fitnah

Actes du colloque international : l'olivier dans la pensée et la culture. Première édition Djerba 30 novembre - 2 décembre 2018 - Ben Salah, Imed (Association Tazzamourt, 2022)
Keywords: A dépouiller

مطارحات في قضايا الشك و الإيمان: ويليه: ملحق بآراء الشيخ إبراهيم بيوض في قضية الإلحاد - علواني, عائشة بنت عبد الله; وصالح, سهيلة باحمد; المسلمية, انتصار بنت مسلم (مؤسسة شباب يقرأ, 2020)
Keywords: Bayyūḍ; Ibrāhīm ibn ʿUmar (1899-1981)

Le tafsīr ibadite contemporain (Bayyud, Tfayesh) - Bahmani, Salah (2024)
Keywords: Atfiyyash; Muhammad b. Yusuf (1821-1914); Bayyūḍ; Ibrāhīm ibn ʿUmar (1899-1981); Coran – Commentaires – 20e siècle

Écrire l’esclavage au féminin : une étude du roman contemporain omanais - Safar, Jihan (Esclavages & Post-esclavages. Slaveries & Post-Slaveries, 2024)
Cet article traite de l’esclavage et du genre dans la fiction contemporaine omanaise écrite par des femmes. Face au vide historiographique et anthropologique sur l’esclavage légal dans la péninsule Arabique, la littérature nourrie par la mémoire permet d’aborder cette question. Elle rend visible des subjectivités d’esclavisé·es ou de leurs descendant·es absentes des récits dominants. Dépassant les polémiques sur l’usage de la production littéraire dans les sciences sociales, l’article considère la littérature comme un point d’entrée anthropologique, politique et économique apte à éclairer les situations concrètes de l’esclavage et du post-esclavage dans la société contemporaine omanaise. Il souligne tout particulièrement les tensions entre l’écriture mémorielle de l’esclavage et les positions de pouvoir et de genre des écrivaines. Il analyse ainsi une double subjectivité : celle des protagonistes femmes dans le roman et celle des romancières. Deux principaux romans omanais examinent l’esclavage dans la sphère intime et privée de la famille, du mariage et de la sexualité : Sayyidāt al Qamar (Les Corps célestes) de Jokha Alharthi et Al ashyā’ layssat fi amākiniha (Things are not in their place) de Huda Hamed (Al Jahouri). Le premier roman aborde frontalement l’esclavage et la traite omanaise qui s’étendait des côtes d’Afrique orientale jusqu’au Baloutchistan ; la concubine Zarifa étant l’un des principaux personnages. Le second roman raconte l’évitement matrimonial entre Amal, une baysara (métissée) et Mohsin, un « Arabe » issu d’une tribu « noble » et « pure ». Dans les deux romans, la question de la race, du genre et de l’origine généalogique s’inscrit au cœur des pratiques matrimoniales, sexuelles et familiales.L’article s’appuie sur une enquête de terrain menée au sultanat d’Oman en février 2023. Des entretiens en langue arabe ont été conduits avec les deux romancières Jokha Alharthi et Huda Hamed, afin de recueillir leurs discours et leurs perceptions sur le passé colonial, sur l’esclavage et son héritage, sur le rôle de la littérature, sur la réception de leur œuvre par le public local et international ainsi que sur les sources utilisées dans leur production littéraire. D’autres entretiens ont été menés avec des personnalités littéraires, académiques, et des représentants officiels.Dans la première partie de cet article, le roman contemporain est traité comme un matériau permettant de saisir les transformations sociétales dans le sultanat d’Oman en contexte d’esclavage et de post-esclavage, dans une perspective intersectionnelle. En premier lieu, cette partie met en lumière les multiples formes de domination au sein de l’institution du concubinage, soulignant la notion de propriété légale de l’esclave (milk) dans la loi musulmane. Elle montre le cycle de violences sexuelles exercées sur le corps de l’esclave-femme ainsi que les relations complexes entre maître et concubine où se mêlent abus, affection et domination. Elle témoigne aussi des relations prohibées entre la maîtresse et son esclave. Cette première partie indique également comment le roman permet d’évoquer les expériences de genre différenciées parmi les esclaves eux-mêmes, entre les esclaves né·es dans la maison du maître et les esclaves capturé·es qui se remémorent le « voyage ». Une telle distinction informe sur le sentiment d’appartenance à la nation : la loyauté nationale semble plus forte parmi les esclaves né·es dans la maison du maître, notamment les femmes, qu’au sein de la génération capturée, surtout masculine, bien plus rebelle. Le roman contemporain omanais donne l’opportunité, en troisième lieu, de décrire les pratiques post-esclavagistes au sein du mariage, un lieu de reproduction des hiérarchies sociales et raciales. Il évoque le thème des évitements matrimoniaux qui exprime des subjectivités féminines où s’entrecroisent race, genre et lignée. Prenant le cas des bayāsir (métissé.es), le roman omanais révèle que la discrimination ne relève pas de la couleur de peau mais de la généalogie. Si ces romans rendent visibles des trajectoires et des expériences d’esclavisé·es, le positionnement des romancières peut sembler paternaliste, les femmes noires étant souvent associées aux stéréotypes liés à la prostitution et à l’impossibilité pour elles de former une famille stable.La deuxième partie de l’article aborde les modes de narration, les positionnements des romancières omanaises, et la réception controversée de l’œuvre littéraire évoquant l’esclavage. Elle traite des subjectivités et des sources utilisées par les romancières. La place attribuée à l’histoire orale et aux archives dans la construction romanesque est centrale dans l’écriture féminine et mémorielle sur l’esclavage. Des subjectivités racialisées sont également évoquées. À l’inverse des black feminists afro-américaines qui ont écrit des neo-slave narratives, les romancières omanaises ne sont pas issues de communautés afro-arabes descendantes d’esclaves ; elles appartiennent à la classe dominante et « blanche ». Si ces romancières sont accusées de faire le jeu du colonialisme, on leur reproche également d’être son relais. Des attaques féroces ont fusé après l’attribution de prix littéraires (comme celui du Man Booker International Prize 2019 pour Sayyidāt al Qamar de Jokha Alharthi) et la traduction de leur œuvre. Pour les « conservateurs », ces romans montraient les Omanais sous l’angle des colonisateurs ou des esclavagistes. Ainsi, la traduction de ces œuvres a produit des discours locaux autour de l’esclavage et a soulevé de nombreuses polémiques à propos de la mémoire coloniale. Cette fictionnalité vient combler un silence institutionnel, les autorités évitant d’engager un débat national sur l’esclavage qui pourrait nuire à l’image internationale du pays. Au-delà d’un récit national homogène, la fiction contemporaine, essentiellement écrite par des femmes, permet donc de rendre visible l’esclavage dans la péninsule Arabique. Dépassant des visions sur l’esclavage oriental « doux » et « bienveillant », cet article cherche à inscrire celui-ci dans les études sur les histoires globales de l’esclavage.
Keywords: Esclavage – Oman; Littérature – Oman

Relire les grandes révoltes berbères des années 740 au Maghreb central - Lepinay, Zélie (2024)
Keywords: Révoltes – Afrique du Nord

The sustainable potential of the architectural and urban heritage of the Algerian ksour - Souami, Mohamed Adel; Elhaddad, Iheb; Ferhat, Sabrina; Medhouche, Hylda; Mellak, Chamsy; Nebbache, Lynda (Journal of Architectural Conservation, 2024)
This paper aims to assess the sustainability potential of Algerian desert Ksour's architectural and urban heritage. It identifies systems aligning with the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs), categorized into formal, spatial organization, and architectonic aspects. The approach correlates Ksour's architectural features with SDGs defined by the International Union of Architects, yielding 40 passive features applicable for achieving SDGs. Notably, features like high windows (architectural) and strategic siting (urban) remain relevant for energy efficiency and carbon footprint reduction. This research gives us the opportunity to improve our strategies for rehabilitating and adapting built heritage so that it can meet current environmental challenges, but also opens up the possibility in the future of continuing to identify more sustainable systems by extending the study of heritage examples, but also and above all of developing a reflection on the adaptation of these passive systems in the design of contemporary architectural and urban projects.
_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/13556207.2024.2350181
Keywords: Architecture – Mzab

العلاقات العثمانية – العُمانية عشية الانسحاب الإيراني من مدينة البصرة في ضوء وثيقة عثمانية 1193ه/ 1779م - الطراونة, محمد سالم; عبيدات, ميسون منصور; الريامي, علي بن سعيد; خيراني, صلاح (حوليات آداب عين شمس, 2024)
تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى كشف النقاب عن وثيقة تاريخية مهمة عثرنا عليها ضمن (دفتر نامه همايون رقم 9-110)، المحفوظ في أرشيف رئاسة الوزراء باستانبول.وهذه الوثيقة هي رسالة همايونية جاءت في إطار المراسلات الثنائية بين السلطان العثماني عبد الحميد الأوَّل (1187-1203ه/ 1774-1789م) وحاكم عُمان الإمام أحمد بن سعيد (1157-1197ه/1744-1783م)؛ لمناقشة الوضع الخطير الناجم عن الاحتلال الإيراني لمدينة البصرة الذي دام ثلاث سنوات، وسُبُل التنسيق المشترك بين عُمان والدولة العثمانية عيشة الانسحاب الإيراني من مدينة البصرةإثر موت كريم خان الزند، وما تلا ذلك من نزاع داخلي على السلطة.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Empire ottoman

British Rule and Omani Marriage in Colonial Zanzibar - Powers, David S.; Tagliacozzo, Eric; Limbert, Mandana E. (Islamic Ecumene: Comparing Muslim Societies, 2023)
On October 15, 1912, a little over twenty years after Zanzibar was declared a British protectorate, Theodore Burtt, a Christian missionary in Pemba, a sister island to Zanzibar, sent a letter to the British consul general in Stone Town, Zanzibar’s capital. The letter addressed two concerns: how to manage marriage among “native” Christian converts and whether the marriages conducted by the mission were valid under “Mohammedan law” (ZNA AB 30/7). But the main concern of the mission, according to the letter writer, was that the “present lawless promiscuous cohabitation between the sexes, and separation again, often for trifling causes and...
Keywords: Missionnaires – Zanzibar

“Useful” Knowledge and Moral Education in Zanzibar Between Colonial and Islamic Reform, 1916–1945 - Bolton, Caitlyn (Islamic Africa, 2022)
The introduction of colonial schooling in Zanzibar was aimed at improving economic productivity, drawing on an exchange of educational theory with the American South to ensure a labor supply for the post-emancipation plantation economy. Yet colonial officials faced a key problem: students did not attend, preferring instead to continue studying in Qur’anic schools, institutions roundly derided by colonial officials. To secure attendance, colonial officials engaged local Muslim leaders to create an Islamic studies syllabus. While reflecting transnational Islamic reformist trends, this syllabus ultimately backfired as local parents protested its lack of moral content. Based on research in the Zanzibar National Archives, this article recounts the tensions and overlap between colonial officials, Islamic leaders connected to transnational discourses of reform, and local Muslim parents over what constitutes truly “useful” knowledge. It argues that colonial education was not particularly successful in forming students into the hard-working agricultural subjects it envisioned. It was successful, however, in orienting public institutions towards economic progress, and shifting public discourses on morality and religion to suit that goal.
Keywords: Vie politique – Zanzibar – 1911-1960

Escape from Zanzibar: Refugees, Documents, and the Indian Ocean Shipping Regime - Limbert, Mandana E. (International Journal of Middle East Studies, 2022)
In January 1964, on the heels of its formal independence from Britain, the East African island of Zanzibar exploded in a violent uprising ousting the Al-Bu Saidi sultan—an Omani by descent—and his primarily “Arab” government. Though early reports of the revolution did not indicate targeted attacks against Arabs, it soon became clear that thousands of Arab-identified residents—settlers—were killed, mostly in rural areas. 1 Others, including some families I came to know during my years in interior Oman, described being separated from their families or being captured and taken to detention camps, where they stayed a week or two before being reunited. Some found their way to these camps in search of relatives, shelter, and food. 2 Decades later, the chaos and violence of that time was recounted to me with unnerving directness. Eventually, thousands of Arabs were deported or fled—to Kenya, Dubai and Abu Dhabi, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Muscat and Oman. Muscat, on the coast of Oman, was the seat of the other Al-Bu Saidi sultan—a cousin of the Zanzibar sultan—who had only recently taken control of “Oman proper,” the territory of the Imamate whose ruler was now in exile in Saudi Arabia having been defeated in a war with the Sultan of Muscat. In the meantime, those leaving Zanzibar required ships and documents.

The Re-globalization Process in the Indian Ocean: the Ibadi Press in Zanzibar (al-Sultaniyya) - Nicolini, Beatrice (Chroniques yéménites, 2022)

القيم التنظيمية في المؤسسات الوقفية الإباضية دراسة وصفية لمؤسسة الإمام للبر والإحسان، القرارة، غرداية Organizational values in the Ibadi endowment foundation, Descriptive study of Imam for righteousness and charity – Gherrara, Ghardaia - إباض, بـهون علي; يمينة, مـختار (مجلة الموروث, 2022)
تشخّص هذه الدراسة الوصفية المفردية واقع المعاش للحقل الميداني محلّ دراستنا، حيث قام الباحثان بجـمع البيانات من خلال الأدوات البحثية المعتمدة، كجلسات المقابلة والملاحظة بالمشاركة، وتحليل المحتوى اللوائح والأنظمة الداخلية، وكانت إشكالية الدراسة كالأتي: ما هي القيم التنظيمية في المؤسسة الوقفية؟، وما مصدرها ؟ كيف تتجسّد عملياً في الواقع ؟ ولقد كشف التشخيص الميداني مدى تأثير العقيدة الإسلامية في أسس انطلاق المؤسسة، وقد كانت جلّية في الأنظمة ولوائح من أجل المحافظة والاستمرار على أدوارها التي انطلقت منها، وللكفاءات القائمة على إدارة المؤسسة التأثير البارز على فعالية القيم في أرض الواقع، من أجل سلامة ونجاعة قيمها التنظيمية، فهي متأثرة بطبيعة المؤسسة ونوعية نشاطها، وحجمها، ولخلفيتها ومنطلقاتها الأيديولوجية والثقافية والعلمية والمجتمعية والجغرافية. وقد صغنا الفرض الآتي: يمكن للمنظّمة الواعية بالشريعة ومقاصدها الكونية، أن تجسّد القواعد الفقهية في فلسفتها الإدارية وتصوغها قيم تنظيمية This descriptive study diagnoses the reality of the study, I collected the data through the approved research tools. The problem was: What is the organizational value in the endowment foundation? its source? How it is applied in reality? The real diagnosis reveals the extent of the influence of the Islamic faith on the basics of the foundation’s start, and it was evident in the regulations to preserve its starting roles. The skilled managers have a great impact on the efficacy of values in reality for its organizational safety; affected by the nature of the foundation, the quality of its activity, its size, its background and its ideological, cultural, scientific, societal and geographic backgrounds. We formulated this hypothesis: the aware organization of the faith and its cosmic purposes can apply the jurisprudential rules in its administrative philosophy and formulate organizational values.
Keywords: Waqf (fondations) – Mzab

The French Flag in Zanzibar Waters 1860s–1900s: Abolition and Imperial Rivalry in the Western Indian Ocean - Cheriau, Raphaël (The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, 2021)

Reading Ibāḍī Women’s Legacies through Stone Town’s Built Environment - Wortmann, Kimberly T. (Islamic Africa, 2021)
This article explores how women of means in nineteenth-century Zanzibar used their built legacies to convey their piety and authority even though they were not active in public religious life. The focus of the study is an old Ibāḍī mosque named after its founder, ‘Aisha bint Jumʻa al-Mughayri, and the tombstone of her younger female relative Muhayra bint Jumʻa al-Mughayri. While the details of the two women’s lives, works and property do not appear prominently in the written record of Zanzibar, this article asks what we can glean about their religious and economic commitments from the built legacies and religious endowments they left behind, as well as from the writings of their male contemporaries, British colonial officials and their descendants. The article also demonstrates how the conservation and upkeep of historic religious institutions in Zanzibar today depends greatly on collaborations between local family members, state institutions and transnational faith-based organizations (fbos).
Keywords: Ibadisme – Zanzibar

Moving still: Bicycles in Ranchhod Oza’s photographs of 1950s Stone Town (Zanzibar) - Gupta, Pamila (Journal of African Cinemas, 2020)
Stone Town’s busy streets in the 1950s became a set for photographer Ranchhod Oza, proprietor of Capital Art Studio (1930–83). I was aesthetically drawn to the numerous bicycles portrayed in these Zanzibari images, just as Oza had been at an earlier time and place. I am less interested in reading the subject of bicycles as simply a sign of Zanzibari modernity, an accoutrement that projects a fantasy of advancement via technological things. Instead, I focus on their ability to reflect various material aspects of daily life in Stone Town. Some bicycles carry people, others transport things, while still others appear as stage props, leaning up against walls while waiting (im)patiently for their owners to return. Yet in all these Oza images, they are moving still, ready to reach another chosen destination. What does the content of bicycles say about Oza’s photographic style? Can these bicycles potentially speak to Zanzibar’s placeness as a cosmopolitan Indian Ocean port city?

Pray to the Archive: Abstracting History in Zanzibar - Kara, Taushif (International Journal of Islamic Architecture, 2020)
This article explores the problem of reading architecture as archive, with specific reference to the built environment on the island of Zanzibar. The architecture of Stone Town – Zanzibar's urban centre – is often marshalled by scholars as clear evidence of the island's complex and layered histories. This reading, however, tends to lament an erstwhile Indian Ocean cosmopolitanism at odds with both the Zanzibari past and present. In this article, I trace the contours of the island's divergent political and architectural histories and demonstrate how an archival view of architecture can obscure the very past it seeks to recover. I illustrate this tension through one particular case study: the Khoja Jamatkhana in the heart of Stone Town. I then consider the possible futures of archival readings by exploring the limits of both formal analysis and historical context through the work of contemporary artist Zarina Bhimji. If the Jamatkhana points to the restrictive capacity of archival readings of architecture, Bhimji's work opens up the archive itself as a site of abstraction, bringing into sharp relief the intricate relationship between space and history.
Keywords: Architecture – Zanzibar

‘Siendi’ (I won’t go): concubines’ activism in the abolition of slavery in the Zanzibar Protectorate - McMahon, Elisabeth (Slavery & Abolition, 2020)
Keywords: Esclavage – Zanzibar

Customs House, Steamers, and the Entrepôt: Zanzibar Trade Infrastructure Circa 1830–1888 - Pawełczak, Marek (African Economic History, 2020)
Keywords: Commerce – Zanzibar – 19e siècle

Sino-Omani relations - Sudairi, Mohammed Turki al- (The Routledge handbook of China - Middle East relations, 2023)
"This handbook brings together a mix of established and emerging international scholars to provide valuable analytical insights as to how China's growing Middle East presence affects intra-regional development, trade, security, and diplomacy. As the largest extra-regional economic actor in the Middle East, China is the biggest source of foreign direct investment into the region and the largest trading partner for most Middle Eastern states. This portends a larger role in political and security affairs, as the value of Chinese assets combined with a growing expatriate population in the region demand a more proactive role in contributing to regional order. Exploring the effect of these developments, the expert contributors also consider the reverberations in great power politics, as the U.S.A., Russia, India, Japan, and the European Union also have considerable interests in the region. The book is divided into four sections: historical and policy context state and regional case studies trade and development international relations, security and diplomacy"–
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Chine

The sixteenth-century Portuguese Suma Oriental and the Arab pilots: A comparative summa orientalis? - Acevedo, Juan (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2022)
Starting from a consideration of Tomé Pires’ 1515 Suma Oriental, this article considers the feasibility, nature, and relevance of a summa orientalis in the form of a Portuguese Early Maritime Corpus. When this corpus is compared with Arabic nautical literature, primarily Ibn Mājid and Sulaymān al-Mahrī, and especially with attention to the technical aspects of their writings, then the desirability of an Indian Ocean Maritime Corpus is envisaged. The centrality and the mediating role of Arab pilots and Arabic nautical literature indicate that the first step is the delimitation of an Arabic Early Maritime Corpus.
Keywords: Navigation – Oman

Quadriliterals and “quinqueliterals” in Omani Mehri - Bendjaballah, Sabrina; Ségéral, Philippe (South Arabia: Old Issues, New Perspectives: Proceedings of the Workshop at the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg on December 19, 2019, 2022)
Keywords: Linguistique – Oman

Black magic and djinn in Omani literature: examining the myths and reality - Hosni, Manar al- (Arab and Muslim Science Fiction: Critical Essays, 2022)
Keywords: Littérature – Oman

From raw materials to finished products: pottery production at Sumhuram (Khor Rori, Sultanate of Oman) - Rizzo, Carlotta; Pagnotta, Stefano; Lezzerini, Marco; Pavan, Alexia; Buono, Giulia (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2022)
The aim of this paper is to analyse the dynamics related to the pottery production in Sumhuram, the easternmost port of call between the Red Sea and the Indian continent along the southern coast of Arabia (second century BC–fifth century AD). Being a rich hub of international trade, receiving and redistributing local products and goods from many different areas, Sumhuram was able to provide for its needs through its own agriculture and a number of local activities, as attested by the presence of kilns and furnaces. Previous studies on the topic have suggested a possible connection between local pottery manufacturing in Sumhuram, and the Hadrami tradition, although kilns have not been found until recently. In 2015 archaeological investigations unveiled the first evidence of such a connection with the discovery of a pottery kiln and some production waste inside the city wall, along with the identification of pottery sherds in the area of the kiln. In order to identify their mineralogical and petrographic composition, thin-section analyses were made on a number of selected sherds. The preliminary results demonstrate that the raw materials used are compatible with a local production. This allows us to describe the different phases of the pottery cycle in Sumhuram as well as the structure of the pottery kiln, which represents an uncommon find in the pre-Islamic archaeology of southern Arabia.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Navigating the Gulf: Aḥmad b. Mājid’s poem on Gulf navigation - Staples, Eric (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2022)
Aḥmad b. Mājid is the most renowned author of Arabic navigational literature. Although he is reported to have come from the southern Gulf port of Julfar, the vast majority of his work focuses on navigating the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea, and his compositions contain few details relating to Gulf navigation. The one exception is a short, undated poem describing sailing routes in the Gulf. This paper analyses this unique poem and compares the navigational practices it describes with those in his other navigational works in order better to understand the specific characteristics of Gulf and Indian Ocean navigation in the fifteenth century.
Keywords: Navigation – Oman

Cross-cultural maritime technological exchange in the first-millennium Indian Ocean - Vosmer, Tom (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2022)
Extensive trade networks in the Indian Ocean generated contact among cultures and spheres of maritime technology across a huge geographical area. Inevitably, these networks resulted not only in exchange of foodstuffs, raw materials, luxury goods, spices, and manufactured goods, but also in cultural and religious concepts and technological knowledge and practices. With the intensity of maritime trade these exchanges engendered the borrowing of shipbuilding designs, materials, and methodologies and generated a certain hybridization of technology, design, and the ways in which ships were conceived. This hybridization is particularly evident in the Belitung and Phanom-Surin ships discovered in Indonesia and Thailand respectively (Flecker 2001; 2008; Jumpron 2019; Wongnai, Jumpron & Premjai 2016). While echoing shipbuilding practices from outside South-East Asia, they also incorporated materials and concepts from South-East Asia, and yet remain distinct from the dominant lashed-lug construction of the region. Using archaeological material from Oman and South-East Asia as well as ethnographic data from the western Indian Ocean, East Africa, India, Oman, Iran, and South-East Asia, this paper explores current archaeological and ethnographic shipbuilding information and raises some questions about the place of Belitung and Phanom-Surin in first-millennium shipbuilding practice.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Explaining the Omani National Counterterrorism Strategy - Albasoos, Hani; Alfarsi, Alanood (Ortadoğu Etütleri, 2021)
The Sultanate of Oman has been consistently able to maintain its stability of security and stay away from the claws of terrorism, increasing the efficiency of its national counterterrorism strategy. This article explores local and international reports that measure Oman’s current terrorism’s status, and the reasons behind Oman’s ability to stay terrorism-free, particularly in light of the ever-increasing number of terrorist attacks and incidents in the Arabian Gulf region and the appearance of terrorist groups in nearby states. This research endeavors to analyze the existing knowledge to clearly understand the Omani approach and strategy in counterterrorism. The data collected for this research are extracted from semi-structured interviews and from policy analyses achieved through observing procedures, reviewing related legislation, and a detailed review of all previously associated policies. This research is exploring how the Sultanate of Oman defines terrorism, examining the elements of the Omani national counterterrorism strategy, and understanding the different phases of the Omani counterterrorism strategy. It recommends that the Sultanate of Oman should maintain a defensive approach to its national counterterrorism strategy to face terrorism and ensure its stability of security.
Number: 1
Keywords: Vie politique – Oman – 2020-....

Husn al-Baleed, a mediaeval fortified castle along the Omani coast: preliminary results from the 2016-2017 excavations - Pavan, Alexia (Contacts between South Arabia and the horn of Africa, from the Bronze age to Islam: in honor of Rémy Audouin, 2021)
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

The 1852 Centaur Shipwreck: Law, politics and society in the Persian Gulf - Alavi, Seema (Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History, 2020)
In 1852, Centaur, a British ship laden with indigo from Bengal, wrecked at Al Khobar off the coast of Muscat in the Persian Gulf. The essay offers the micro-history of the shipwreck to understand the working of law in the Persian Gulf. The many different experiences of individuals impacted by the same mishap but located in different geographical, social and political contexts offers a thick connectedness of things on scales both small and large. The essay brings this more textured optic of micro-history in conversation with the embracive and flexible frame of analysis of Indian Ocean studies to understand the Gulf’s flexible legal terrain and its political implications.

Omani and Qatari Roles in the Yemen Crisis - Baabood, Abdullah; Baabood, Ahmed (Global, Regional, and Local Dynamics in the Yemen Crisis, 2020)
The gradual armed takeover of Yemen, beginning with the capture of Sanaa, in September 2014 by Houthi rebels and supporters of ex-President Ali Abdullah Saleh overthrew the internationally recognized government of President Hadi. On March 26, 2015 a Saudi-led coalition, including several regional countries, intervened militarily in “Operation Decisive Storm” to thwart the Iranian-backed Houthi expansion and restore Hadi to power. The coalition included all GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) states except Oman, which stayed out of the conflict for both domestic and foreign policy reasons, calling for a peaceful resolution of the conflict. Qatar took part in the coalition until it was excluded following the eruption of a diplomatic dispute with its immediate neighbors on June 5, 2017. Qatar joined Oman in seeking a peaceful settlement of the Yemeni dispute while extending diplomatic and humanitarian assistance, which was perceived by the Saudi-led coalition as interference in the conflict.
Keywords: Politique étrangère – Oman – 1970-2020

Pre-oil Globalization in a Rural Community: The Late Islamic Village of Sahlat in the Suhar Region - Biezeveld, Irini; Düring, Bleda S. (Journal of Islamic Archaeology, 2020)
This article aims to study whether the increase of agricultural settlements in the Sultanate of Oman during the Late Islamic period (c. 1500-1950) was related to pre-oil globalization, as attested in the wider Gulf region. This is done by analysing the archaeological dataset of the agricultural village of Sahlat, with a focus on the ceramic material, located in the Suhar region. The assemblages collected by the Wadi al-Jizzi Archaeological Project, point to its occupation from c. 1750 to 1930. During this time period, the coastal towns of southeastern Arabia were heavily influenced by globalization processes, but the effects and reach of trade on rural communities remains poorly known. In this paper, Sahlat is compared to two contemporary sites connected to the same falaj system, and two other sites in the Gulf region. The results indicate that pre-oil globalization did not only impact coastal towns, but that rural settlements such as Sahlat experienced similar transformations. It is suggested that pre-oil globalization was not only linked to the pearling trade, but that the export of dates should also be taken into consideration when studying this topic.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

The Ivory Trade and Political Power in Nineteenth-Century East Africa - Gooding, Philip (Animal Trade Histories in the Indian Ocean World, 2020)
This chapter analyses ivory consumption and trade in the context of shifting political power in nineteenth-century East Africa. It firstly describes how increased demand for ivory and ivory products in the wider Indian Ocean World, Europe, and North America contributed to a decline in ivory’s ownership, usage, and display in East Africa. It then examines the nature and construction of Omani and coastal East African communities in East Africa’s interior to show how political power became increasingly tied to access and control the ivory trade. In nineteenth-century East Africa, ivory was transformed from a product with significant symbolic capital to one whose history was increasingly shaped by capitalistic forces.
Keywords: Commerce – Zanzibar – 19e siècle

Two Legends from Kashf al-Ghumma al-Djamiʿ li-Akhbar al-Umma - Mikulsky, Dmitriy V. (Papers of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the RAS, 2020)
The article deals with the two legends from the main traditional work on the history of Oman (18 c.). The first of the two legends relates the story of appearance of idolatry among human beings, while the second one is dedicated to the adoption of Islam by the people of Oman. The first legend is strongly bound to the written tradition, while the second one is obviously related to the Omanian folklore. The textual fragments that contain the legends are combined by passages belonging to different genres. Among them are to be noticed the remarks made by the Author of the work, which is the evidence of the transformation of the essential tradition, carried out by the Author.

Security in the Gulf: Local Militaries before British Withdrawal - Rossiter, Ash (Cambridge University Press, 2020)
The British Empire employed a diverse range of strategies to establish and then maintain control over its overseas territories in the Middle East. This new interpretation of how Britain maintained order, protected its interests and carried out its defence obligations in the Gulf in the decades before its withdrawal from the region in 1971 looks at how the British government increasingly sought to achieve security with great economy of force by building up local militaries instead of deploying costly military forces from the home country. Benefitting from the extensive use of recently declassified British Government archival documents and India Office records, this highly original narrative weighs the successes and failures of Britain's use of 'indirect rule' among the small states of Eastern Arabia, including Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the seven Trucial States and Oman. Drawing important lessons for scholars and policymakers about the limitations of trying to outsource security to local partners, Security in the Gulf is a remarkable study of the deployment of British colonial policy in the Middle East before 1971.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Royaume-Uni

Nuisances et chaos des Vents. Expressions de l’agressivité dans un rite de possession en Arabie orientale - Sebiane, Maho (Cahiers d’ethnomusicologie. Anciennement Cahiers de musiques traditionnelles, 2020)
Pour les Zunûj d’Arabie orientale, le rite de possession ramsat-al-leiwah est une pratique à caractère thérapeutique. Il est supposé guérir les individus des maladies et des tourments infligés par des esprits nommés as-sawâḥili. Ainsi, il n’est pas rare, au cours de ses réalisations, que des actes agressifs soient perpétrés entre esprits de possession, entre participants humains, voire entre esprits et êtres humains. Dans ces situations, les Zunûj utilisent l’expression arabe rabsha pour qualifier ces actes répréhensibles. Ce terme renvoie simultanément à deux significations : la nuisance et le chaos. Or, de leur point de vue, il est essentiel que tous – humains et esprits – observent entre eux une attitude respectueuse et sans hostilité. Cela s’accorde avec le caractère festif recherché pour le bon déroulement du rite, d’autant plus que, pour être considéré comme réussi, il doit s’achever dans la bonne entente et l’harmonie entre tous les participants humains et les esprits. C’est à partir d’un exemple extrait d’une réalisation de ce rite datant de 2009 au Sultanat d’Oman que cet article propose d’explorer les expressions de l’agressivité en contexte rituel en se fondant sur une micro-analyse de l’engagement des différents acteurs et de leurs interactions.
ISBN: 9782884744928 Number: 33
Keywords: Croyances populaires – Oman

On 464th anniversary of Naval Battle of Djerba, Ottoman supremacy at sea is remembered - Erdoğan, Koray (2024)
On the 464th anniversary of the Naval Battle of Djerba, the Ottoman Empire's decisive victory under Captain-General Piyale Pasha is commemorated, highlighting their supremacy in the Mediterranean and the strategic significance of defending Djerba Island against the Spanish Crusader Navy...
Keywords: Invasions chrétiennes – Djerba

Revisiting Omani Legacy in Malaya through the Royal Kedah Dress: Reassessment - Mansor Majdin, Mohamad Firdaus; Osman, Rahmah Ahmed H.; Fathil, Fauziah; Yaapar, Md. Salleh; Zuheimi, Saleh al- (Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 2022)
This paper seeks to examine the legacy of the Omani presence in the states of Malaysia, which arguably has made itself apparent in the royal dress of the Kedah Sultanate. This discovery indeed calls for further investigation, especially on how the Omani dress later became a model for Kedah royal dress which is famously known as Baju Muskat. Further analysis is essential to determine to what extent did the Kedah Sultanate adopted the Omani dress of the Muscati style and what aspects of the Kedah royal dress resemble the Omani dress substantially. Preliminary research indicates that there are few similarities that one can find between the Omani dress with that of the Kedah royal dress, which is said to be worn by the latter since the 17th century. Reading through the existing literature in the field also reveals one interesting picture that points to the underrepresentation of Omani individuals, merchants, and scholars in the Malay texts as the former tends to describe them, often as Arab traders, or Persian traders. In short, this paper has attempted to explore and examine the above-mentioned circumstances for a better understanding of the subject matter under study through a method of content analysis. Keywords: Well-being, Happiness, Subsistence, Ethical Principles, Arab-Muslim Thought
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Malaisie

Pronominalization and clitic doubling in Syrian and Omani Arabic - Hallman, Peter; Balushi, Rashid al- (Linguistics, 2022)
Abstract This article treats cliticization of a pronoun to a syntactic host and doubling of the clitic pronoun with a non-pronominal counterpart in Syrian and Omani Arabic. Although the two varieties are closely related and the morphological paradigms they display are very similar, the pronominalization and clitic pronoun doubling patterns they display are quite different. We trace this difference to a basic difference in whether the relevant syntactic processes are sensitive to intervention effects in the two dialects, with the result being that the restrictiveness of pronominalization and clitic pronoun doubling patterns parallel the restrictiveness of basic word order patterns – whether double-object constructions are ‘symmetric’ or ‘asymmetric’ – with Syrian being the more restrictive of the two varieties.
Keywords: Linguistique

The Omani Experience of Multi-religious Coexistence and Dialogue: A Historical Approach to the Omani Principles and its Luminous Examples - Maawali, Al Muatasim Said Saif al- (Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 2021)
In a world that is increasingly hostile towards religious minorities, this paper tries to set a modern-day, successful example of multi-religious coexistence and interfaith dialogue. The paper examines historical examples derived from Omani history and explores Omani characteristics by surveying Western reports written by missionaries, visitors, and travellers of different religions in Oman. This is meant to demonstrate the hypothesis that the multi-religious coexistence and interfaith dialogue enjoyed today by the nearly fourmillion Omani population is a natural result of a long history of commitment to ‘Omani values’ and principles, practised by Oman’s Ibāḍī population with their fellow nonMuslims. The paper concludes that there is a strong correlation between the ‘Omani values’ recorded by the Western writers and the ongoing deeply rooted Omani experience of peaceful religious coexistence and interfaith dialogue. These ‘Omani values’ include the principles of tolerance, social justice, mutual respect, friendliness, hospitality, and simplicity. Finally, owing to the increasingly rising tensions between adherents of different religions, the paper recommends that such successful Omani experiences should be exported to other countries in the Muslim world and elsewhere.
Keywords: Tolérance religieuse – Oman

Land Use Dynamics and Mobility Patterns in Muscat Capital Area:Insights from a Detailed Study of Al-Ghubra North - Nebel, Sonja; Didero, Maike; Pfaffenbach, Carmella (Journal of Arabian Studies, 2021)
Keywords: Urbanisme – Oman

Symbiosis and Revolution: The Soviet Encounter with the War in Dhofar - Casula, Philipp (Contemporary European History, 2021)
This article discusses how the Soviet Union perceived and related to Middle Eastern revolutionary movements, using a case study from South Yemen and the War in Dhofar. This specific Soviet encounter will be analysed through selected Soviet material from published and archival sources. The article highlights how Soviet representatives assessed prospects for socialism in Yemen, and how they interacted with their partners on the ground. The article is divided into three parts: the first discusses the theoretical debates in Soviet academia and the press, the second section contrasts these theoretical views with Middle Eastern ‘socialist’ theories during the Cold War and the third shows how a symbiosis developed between Soviet and Yemeni institutions and organisations. The article argues that due to an Orientalist take on South Yemen and Dhofar, the Soviet side could not appreciate the political importance and potential of socialist currents in the region, reducing cooperation to ‘pragmatism’.
Keywords: Dhofar

The rise and ruin of a medieval port town: A reconsideration of the development of Julfar - Carter, Robert Andrew; Zhao, Bing; Lane, Kevin; Velde, Christian (Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, 2020)
Abstract Julfar was a major port town of the Persian Gulf during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries AD. A possession of the Hormuzi empire, it was a lucrative source of taxes and pearls, and a port of trade for northern Oman, tapping into maritime trading networks connecting the Middle East with Africa, India, Southeast Asia and China. The site is found north of modern Ras Al‐Khaimah, UAE. Julfar Al‐Nudud was previously considered to be a late suburb of an urban core, Julfar Al‐Mataf, and is located on a creek opposite the latter. However, excavations in 2010 indicated that Al‐Nudud was part of the original urban core, which had grown up on either side of the creek. Moreover, re‐examination of previous work in Al‐Mataf, where a large mosque and fortification were excavated (by British and French teams), shows that the two areas followed different trajectories. Significant occupation in Al‐Nudud and southern Al‐Mataf (revealed by previous Japanese excavations) ended before the start of the sixteenth century, while use of the mosque and fort in central Al‐Mataf continued into the seventeenth century, albeit discontinuously. A revised concordance of the phases derived from the work of various archaeological teams is therefore proposed.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Exploring Arab and Western visitors’ interpretive experiences at an Omani heritage site: does one size fit all? - Almuhrzi, Hamed; Hughes, Karen; Ballantyne, Roy (Journal of Heritage Tourism, 2020)
Keywords: Tourisme – Oman

The Foundation, Development and Future of the Omani Rentier State: From the Dhofar War to Vision 2040 - Due-Gundersen, Nicolai; Owtram, Francis (Chroniques yéménites, 2022)

Demonstratives in Musandam Arabic: Distinctive Archaisms and Innovations - Anonby, Erik; Bettega, Simone; Procházka, Stephan (Arabica, 2022)
Abstract This study introduces and analyzes proximal and distal singular demonstratives in fourteen varieties of Musandam Arabic, a little-documented dialect group located on Musandam Peninsula in northern Oman and neighbouring areas of the United Arab Emirates. Following an overview of the dialect group in its regional context, the study provides a description of singular demonstratives from the point of view of phono-logy, morphology, and geographical distribution. The study then focuses on two salient features found in several of the varieties under investigation: gender distinction based on consonantal alternation ( d -based masculine forms vs t -based feminine forms); and gemination of the feminine t -element. While the former is attested, albeit rarely, in other Arabic dialects, the latter is unheard of. In the last section of the article, some hypotheses are put forward as to how these forms could have developed from a historical point of view, in light of data from different Arabic and Semitic varieties. While the gemination of the t -element is best regarded as a Musandam-internal innovation, the d : t consonantal alternation reinforces the putative historical link between south-western Arabia and Oman.
Keywords: Linguistique – Oman

Co-designing the pedestrian revolution in Muscat - De Siqueira, Gustavo; Balushi, Amal al- (City, Territory and Architecture, 2020)
Abstract Rapid growth coupled with the prevailing land allocation system in Oman led to a shift from compact dwellings typologies to detached single-family houses, arranged in monofunctional zoning systems that exclusively rely on cars. Due to the sprawled transformation, authorities are unable to provide new neighborhoods with basic infrastructure and attractive open spaces. Consequently, the level of non-communicable diseases is increasing, making urban regeneration programs promoting active lifestyles in built environments a matter of public health. In our research we explore participative-planning strategies to enhance pedestrian activity within existing neighborhoods and regenerate public spaces. We conducted a quantitative survey using a standard walkability scale and physical maps to identify barriers to pedestrian activity. Subsequently, we employed the data to frame culturally sensitive co-creation workshops, gaining in-depth knowledge to guide future redesign proposals. We found that mosques are walking magnets yet engender contrasting views with regard to walkability; finding solutions to the spatial problems could develop them into walkable cores. We also observed that residents were aware of health problems caused by lack of physical activity and how that links with the built environment they inhabit. They were eager to discuss solutions, including alternative governance models, as long as the process was short and produced immediate small interventions with high-level impact on their surroundings. We employed a fine-grained combination of methods to address site-specific challenges. Its quantitative data allows the insertion in a broader discourse and the linkage to a large body of research in walkability. Co-creation workshops, especially city games, proved to be a powerful tool to initiate dialogue on complex spatial negotiation, even in societies where participatory approaches do not have a well-established tradition.
Keywords: Urbanisme – Oman

A Corpus of Illuminated Qurʾāns from Coastal East Africa - Hirji, Zulfikar A. (Journal of Islamic Manuscripts, 2023)
This article examines a little-known corpus of illuminated Qurʾān manuscripts that were produced between ca. 1750–ca. 1850 in the Swahili city-states of Pate, Siyu, and Faza on Pate Island in the Lamu archipelago (Kenya). Now dispersed in collections in Kenya, Tanzania, Oman, the UK, and the USA, the manuscripts have many distinctive features: decorative frontispieces, sūra titles, basmalas, and division and prostration markers; locally developed Arabic script styles; colophons containing names of copyists and completion dates; endowment dedications; northern Italian-made paper; and, blind-stamped, leather covers. The list of known manuscripts presented in the appendix is aimed at encouraging the identification, digitization, and study of other manuscripts in the corpus. The study of their content, materiality, and contexts of production can advance scholarship on the histories of Islamic manuscript production in coastal East Africa and provide comparative material for manuscript studies in other regions of Eastern Africa and the Indian Ocean.
Keywords: Manuscrits – Zanzibar

Ship graffiti at the Zanzibar Gereza (Old Fort), Stone Town, Unguja, Tanzania - Cooper, John P.; Ghidoni, Alessandro (Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa, 2022)
Keywords: Archéologie – Zanzibar

Souk Mutrah: A Hub for Cultural Exchange in the Gulf of Oman - Hashim, Aliya al-; Khatri, Hanan al- (Architecture and Urban Transformation of Historical Markets: Cases from the Middle East and North Africa, 2024)
Keywords: Urbanisme – Oman

Security in the Gulf: The View from Oman - Bahgat, Gawdat (Middle East Policy, 2023)
For a long time, analysts of the Middle East have justifiably focused their attention on Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, three Gulf states holding massive hydrocarbon deposits and financial resources. Their leaders are the main “movers and shakers” of regional affairs and enjoy tremendous influence on the international scene. Still, other Gulf states play significant roles in shaping the Middle East's economic and strategic landscape. Such is the case with Oman, which has been a major US ally in most regional crises and has played a crucial role in mediating Gulf conflicts. This article, based on several visits to the sultanate and interviews with senior officials, analyzes the domestic, regional, and international dynamics being navigated by Sultan Haitham bin Tarik, who succeeded Sultan Qaboos bin Said in January 2020. The argument is that the new Omani leader is likely to follow the domestic and foreign policies of his predecessor, with minor adjustments. Oman may witness major changes when Crown Prince Theyazin succeeds his father. For now, given the crucial role Muscat plays in mediating regional conflicts, the sultanate expects more attention from its counterparts in Washington.
Keywords: Vie politique – Oman – 1970-2020

Al-Sūr al-Muḥīṭ: The City Wall of Bahla as a Case Study for the Organisation of Communal Task in Central Oman on the Eve of Modern State Administration, 1967- 1977 - Buessow, Johann; Hoffmann-Ruf, Michaela; Saqri, Nasser A. Al- (EB-Verlag, 2023)
This study presents recent findings on the famous city wall of Bahla in Central Oman. A previously unstudied register, housed under the title Al-Sūr al-Muḥīṭ (“The Encircling Wall”) in the Ministry of Heritage and Culture in Muscat, provides unique insight into the management and maintenance of the wall during the years 1967–1977, right on the eve of the rapid and pervasive process of state modernisation initiated under Sultan Qaboos.
Keywords: Monuments – Oman

Contestation and Co-optation in the Desert Landscapes of Oman - Chatty, Dawn (Life Worlds of Middle Eastern Oil: Histories and Ethnographies of Black Gold, 2023)
Mobile peoples in the Middle East and elsewhere in the world have faced enormous pressure throughout the twentieth and twentieth-first centuries to change their way of life, to settle down and remain in one place. The notion that a settled existence is more modern than a mobile one continues to dominate expert thinking as a continuation of late nineteenth-century social evolutionist theories of the progress of civilisation. Most of the modern nation-states of the Middle East have approached their mobile pastoral peoples with a determined view to making them stay put in one place and give up their pastoral subsistence livelihoods. Settlement schemes, it was assumed, would assure political and economic control over these difficult-to-emplace-and-control peoples. The development aid efforts, both bi-lateral and international, throughout the twentieth century followed these same biases and were designed to make mobile or nomadic peoples ‘modern’, using principles developed during the colonial era such as terra nullius, which declared all land not held privately as empty, and thus belonging to the state so that it could be disposed of or developed as the state wished. By the end of the twentieth century, most pastoral peoples’ grazing lands had been expropriated and sed-entarisation schemes of one sort or another were the mechanisms of choice. Pastoral peoples in Oman, however, had some success in challenging the notion of terra nullius in the deserts of the country. A younger generation of ‘citizen’ herders have been able to parlay further multinational oil industry intervention to support their continued mobility in the deserts of Oman and subsistence pastoral livelihoods.I begin the chapter with a brief examination of the ways in which mobile pastoral communities in the Middle East have faced and then navigated around government land expropriation and sedentarisation efforts to create multi-resource livelihood successes without always being forced to settle. I then examine the situation in Oman, where a more ‘enlightened’ state policy regarding settlement was enacted and where oil concerns have been paramount. Determined to provide social benefits to its mobile pastoral communities without forcing them to settle, the government of Oman extended basic services to these communities late into the twentieth century.
Keywords: Vie politique – Oman – 1970-2020

Oman: Recent Developments in the Protection of the Rights of Migrant Workers and of Women - Kanchana, Radhika (Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online, 2023)
Abstract This survey is a review listing some key legislative and executive measures of the government of Oman in the year 2021–2022, which have relevance to mainly the rights of the migrant workers. Further, and in less detail, this survey also refers to some of the developments pertinent to the rights of women living in Oman. However, more generally these rights are less relevant to women who are not Omani nationals. Oman is a member country of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). The GCC comprises six states in the Arab-Gulf region: Oman, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Kuwait, Qatar and Saudi Arabia. These oil-producing states have a significant proportion of foreign workforce in the population. Foreign workers work mostly in the private sector and are also residents in the host countries. At 46.5 per cent, Oman has a relatively lower proportion of migrants in its population among the GCC members (UN DESA, 2020). Therefore, a broader spectrum of governments’ measures relating to the issues like labour, entry and residence, and ownership of property or business touch the lives of the foreign/migrant workers or expatriates in the Gulf country. Governments’ initiatives targeting domestic workers are relevant also for women because they comprise the majority in this group. The survey notes that most of the governmental activity in Oman in the past year largely concern new laws or amendments of the existing legislation and regulations linked to labour and residency matters. Some of the more relevant ones that the survey has selected here confirms this. It also marks the period post the pandemic, which had posed considerable economic challenge for the government. Hence, as also some neighbouring Gulf countries, Oman has shown a balance of measures. On the one hand, to revive its economic dynamism and competitiveness by facilitating more ease and benefits to attract and retain foreign labour and investment in the country. On the other hand, with measures such as increased nationalization effort and support expressly favouring the national workforce to boost their more active participation in the labour market. The new labour law declared by the Omani government and its signing of the Maritime Labour Convention are a few notable highlights. The survey has essentially drawn on the government’s documents and announcements as available in English or translated text, in addition to information in the press and other relevant sources.

Branding and Spatial Planning in Oman: A Neoliberal Turning Point in Politics? - Klinger, Thibaut (Branding and Spatial Planning in Oman: A Neoliberal Turning Point in Politics?, 2023)
Keywords: Urbanisme – Oman

Oil, Mobility and Territoriality in the Trucial States/United Arab Emirates, Muscat and Oman - MacLean, Matthew (Life Worlds of Middle Eastern Oil: Histories and Ethnographies of Black Gold, 2023)
This chapter examines the impact of oil on the twin processes of state formation and space-making in the Trucial States and United Arab Emirates and Sultanate of Oman in the mid-twentieth century. In much of the literature on the history of the Gulf and Arabian Peninsula, these processes are linked through oil concessions. Concessions necessitated the demarcation of domestic and international boundaries in the Arabian Peninsula, a key part of the state formation process. This chapter looks instead at state formation through a new means of oil-fuelled mobility – automobility. Beginning in the early 1950s and surging dramatically at the end of the 1960s, the automobile rapidly displaced older modes of transportation, in the process becoming synonymous with modernisation and state-building. The automobile's speed and power sparked violence, necessitated new modes of regulation as well as a new road network, and made the state visible and tangible in even the most remote areas of the region. New boundaries between states were demarcated, with different rules for travel by car and by foot or animal. In the process, new understandings of space emerged, and state control over territory dramati-cally intensified. Eventually, it became both physically possible and morally permissible for UAE and Omani citizens (and others) to travel to places that had not been open to them before, while other patterns of circulation were closed off by a new international border; automobility and roads created both new freedoms and new restrictions. Through the lens of automobility, oil's role in state formation becomes more complex and contested, as various actors ranging from British Political Agents to local sheikhs wrestled with how new forms of movement ought to be governed.Two spatial imaginaries frame the chapter's analysis – the pre-oil dirah, rooted in seasonal migrations and kinship relations, and the nascent dawla (state), which required free movement within demarcated boundaries. The shift from the dirah to the dawla is traced through several episodes involving automobile travel. The potential of automobility to undermine the existing political and spatial order is seen in the 1938 Majlis Movement in Dubai and in a 1950 conflict in Shaʾam, in northern Ras al-Khaimah.
Keywords: Pétrole – Oman

China against US Imperialism in the Arabian Sea: The Case of Oman - Matar, Linda; Kadri, Ali (Middle East Critique, 2023)
When Oman joined China’s Belt and Road Initiative to pursue economic diversification, the US intervened to stop it. Although the foundation stone for Chinese investment plans was laid in 2017, these projects were put on hold, while the US rushed to bolster its military presence in Oman. The article studies Chinese investment in Oman, accounts for what has developed so far, and highlights the reasons for which the US acted to stem the potential of non-oil development in Oman. The disruption of the China-Oman diversification project resembles the US’s targeting of China’s policy of expansion by mutual cooperation elsewhere, but with a twist: Oman sits close to two vital chokepoints, the Bab Al-Mandeb and the Hormuz straits. The article argues that such obstruction is central to the US’s mode of accumulation by militarism. Keeping Oman from auto-developing and building its autonomy makes of it a pliable client state ready to serve as an imperialist post to empire.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Chine

Geotourism in the Sultanate of Oman: Samail Ophiolite Geosites–A Concept of Sustainable Geotourism - Nasir, Sobhi (Geotourism in the Middle East, 2023)
Geotourism is a form of natural area tourism that focuses on geology and natural heritage of the land. Geoconservation and geological heritage are considered now as a new challenge for geological research which concentrate on the preservation of sites of geological value. Oman is considered by geologists and geotourists as an open geologic book and a big wonderful outdoor geological Museum with unique geological features. The country offers many geological features which are spectacular or unique. The geological stories can be found everywhere in Oman, where one can explore the fascinating geology in one of the most varied and diverse landscapes – from gravel to sand to salt, Oman has a landscape, outcrop, archaeological sites, local culture and fascinating human stories or formation to suit everyone. Therefore, the country attracts more and more geosciences students to study geology in the field, as well as tourists to enjoy the spectacular scenery. As a consequence, thereof geological heritage is in danger of being destroyed due to lack of awareness, and the need to protect unique geological sites and landscapes.
Keywords: Géologie – Oman

Oman - Wigley, Thomas (Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online, 2023)
Keywords: Droit – Oman

Magisches Musandam: Omans ferner Norden - Zimmermann, Wolfgang; Goldfuß, Gabriele (Georg Olms Verlag, 2023)

Dialect Variation among Omani Migrants in Muscat: The Construction of Social Identity through Style Shifting - Ambu-Saidi, Suaad (Language and Identity in the Arab World, 2022)
Keywords: Linguistique – Oman

Science Education in Oman: Taking Oman to Better Future - Ambusaidi, Abdullah K.; Shahat, Mohamed A.; Al Musawi, Ali S. (Science Education in Countries Along the Belt & Road: Future Insights and New Requirements, 2022)
The purpose of the present chapter is to give the reader an overview of the current science education research in Oman. The chapter focuses on three main sections as an overview of the country, an overview of the education development, and the current situation of science education. It addresses the emerging technologies in relation to science education including blended education and e-learning developments. The chapter then discusses the requirements for better implementation of science education along with the future strategies to overcome the challenges and issues that facing science teachers in Oman. It concludes by recommending the importance of making greater efforts to instill the twenty-first-century skills in the future graduates of science to enable them to respond to the requirements of the global economic market.
Keywords: Enseignement – Oman

Ancient Weapons of Oman: Edged Weapons - Clarizia, Vincenzo (Archaeopress, 2022)
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Ancient Weapons of Oman : Firearms - Clarizia, Vincenzo (Archaeopress, 2022)
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Negotiating placemaking: Public-private spaces and Hinduism in Oman - Mehta, Sandhya Rao (Routledge Handbook on Middle Eastern Diasporas, 2022)
The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are all Islamic countries with different public policies and attitudes to the presence of other religions. This has major implications for the Hindu community, often seen as consisting of migrant workers, which normally bases its religiosity on highly public, participatory and performative rituals. This chapter focuses on how the diverse Hindu community in Oman negotiates its religious identity in an Islamic country by strategically using its past mercantile relations with the ruling families, creating and participating in transnational networks, as well as imaginatively using public-private spaces to engage in rituals and festivities and overcome state restrictions. It suggests that the Hindu diaspora in Oman can be problematised as being more than just a minority community with few religious freedoms in a conservatively Muslim nation. Focusing on the Hindu community in Oman adds to emerging studies on diaspora and transnational mobilities, de-essentialising the binary relations of the state with its religious minorities in this part of the world.

Strategic Belonging: Hindu Identity and Performance in Oman - Mehta, Sandhya Rao (Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies, 2022)
This study focuses on the multiple ways in which the Hindu community in Oman negotiates its religious identity in an Islamic country by strategically using its historic mercantile relations with the ruling families, maximising the use of public-private spaces, and creating and participating in transnational networks as ways to cope with state restrictions. Using Vertovec’s notion of ‘complexifying complex diasporas,’ this study examines how Hindus, while being publicly ‘invisible,’ have been able to possess a continuing cultural platform which is leveraged to acquire opportunities for religious performance. However, challenges to such strategic belonging have been rising rapidly with the rise of right wing Hindu ideology within and outside India. The repercussions of the establishment of a Hindu state in India on its diaspora, particularly in an officially Muslim country, are rife with challenges. Alternative strategies may have to be explored by the community to assert its identity and religious practices, as well as secure its future in Oman.

Persia and Oman: A Historical and Linguistic Intersection - Morano, Roberta (Language and Identity in the Arab World, 2022)

“We Sent Our Sons across the Seven Rivers”: Tracing the Migratory Network and the Risky Migration of Bangladeshi Fishermen to Oman - Percot, Marie (The South Asia to Gulf Migration Governance Complex, 2022)
‘We sent our sons across the seven rivers and we let them go because we need food, because we don’t have enough. Here, they have no work and we have no land. […] If they were getting their fair share, it would be enough for us. If those [Omani] people were thinking that they have crossed so many rivers out of need, they would help them, but they just don’t think about it.’¹ Except for the extensive work by M.M. Rahman, little research until now has been done, especially of a qualitative nature, on the situation of Bangladeshi migrants in
Keywords: Emigration – Bangladesh – Oman

Houseways in Southern Oman - Risse, Marielle (Routledge, 2022)
This book explores how houses are created, maintained and conceptualized in southern Oman. Based on long-term research in the Dhofar region, it draws on anthropology, sociology, urban studies and architectural history. The chapters consider physical and functional aspects, including regulations governing land use, factors in siting houses, architectural styles and norms for interior and exterior decorating. The volume also reflects on cultural expectations regarding how and when rooms are used and issues such as safety, privacy, social connectedness and ease of movement. Houses and residential areas are situated within the fabric of towns, comparison is made with housing in other countries in the Arabian peninsula, and consideration is given to notions of the 'Islamic city' and the 'Islamic house'. The book is valuable reading for scholars interested in the Middle East and the built environment.
Keywords: Développement local – Oman

Assimilating the Heterogeneity of Migrant Populations through a National Past: Transforming a Shiʿa Minority Community in Post-Nationalist Oman - Sachedina, Amal (Anthropological Quarterly, 2022)
Scholarship on the Arab Gulf region often links heritage production with technologies of state pedagogy in its efforts to fix the spatial boundaries of a nation and entrench authoritarian rule. Yet, such a modular explanation ignores pressing questions regarding how statist narratives domesticate heterogeneous populations and regulate social difference. This paper explores the ways in which official accounts of the historical past have interpellated the material traces of diasporic communities, specifically the enclave of a minority community in Oman, the al-Lawati with links to the Sind region of the Indian sub-continent. The Sur al Lawati, a fortified residential enclosure of the Al Lawati community, draws from Gujarati traditional architecture rather than the surrounding Muscat cityscape. The sur (enclosure) has been mobilized as a token of the nation's pluralist history as an Indian Ocean trading power. This is consistent with Oman's expanding culture industry, which since the 1970s has generated history-making practices to sediment a homogenous Arab and general Islamic identity. However, using archival and ethnographic research, I argue that the enclave's material presence has presided over the complexities of a more entangled history in which the boundaries of this community of merchants and retailers have been reconfigured over the course of the 20th century. The very act of incorporating the sur and its residents into the history of a national people is grounded on the one hand in celebrating a cosmopolitan past as a sea-faring nation that traversed the Indian Ocean waters. On the other hand, it is also tethered to a sense of the past shaped by such categories as the "Arab tribe" and a "generic Islam" Both histories become an exercise of selectivity. They involve gaps, disjunctures, and diversity at the core of what passes as a unifying history of a sovereign nation.

The Maritime Silk Road: Implications for Oman’s Foreign Policy - Tekir, Gökhan (Ortadoğu Etütleri, 2022)
This study seeks to analyze the implications of Oman’s participation in the Maritime Silk Road, which is the maritime component of the Belt and Road Initiative, announced in 2013 by the President of the People’s Republic of China, Xi Jinping. Sultan Qaboos has transformed Oman from an isolated and backward country to an active political mediator in the region. Oman’s neutral stance and diplomatic connections with every political actor in the region differentiate Oman from the rest of the Gulf countries. Geographically, Oman is situated in the intersection of the Persian Gulf, the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean. Historically, Oman ruled South Asian and East African coasts, extending its influence. The geographical position and historical legacy make Oman as a key country for the Maritime Silk Road. Thus, participation of Oman in the Belt and Road Initiative is invaluable in the eyes of the Chinese policymakers. Omani policymakers, who want to diversify Oman’s economy, welcome Chinese investments. However, increasing Chinese involvement in Oman’s economy might harm Oman’s sovereignty because of Chinese practice of using debts as exerting pressure on the lending states’ sovereignty. Moreover, the intensified competition between the USA and China in the Indian Ocean could compromise Oman’s neutral stance. Yet, Sultan Qaboos’ legacy is followed by Omani policymakers. While benefiting Chinese economic investments, Oman performs balancing acts against China.
Keywords: Vie politique – Oman – 1970-2020

Oman - Wigley, Thomas (Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online, 2022)
Keywords: Droit – Oman

British Diplomacy in Oman and Bahrain: 50 Years of Change - Worthington, Joe (Routledge, 2022)
This book marks the first comprehensive examination of contemporary British influence in Oman and Bahrain, analysing Britain's legacy since the official withdrawal from the Gulf in 1971.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Royaume-Uni

The War in Northern Oman: Muscat and the Sultanate of Oman, 1954-1962 - Shergold, Peter (Helion and Company, 2021)
The war fought in northern Oman from 1954 until the mid-1960s is almost completely forgotten. Even amongst contemporary military historians, it is considered less frequently than the subsequent – and widely published – Dhofar War. Though ‘small’, it was a conflict of crucial importance for the nation on the southeastern side of the Arab Peninsula.While usually thought to have been fought – and won – exclusively by special forces, capacity building, and training of native forces, a closer look reveals an entirely different picture. The victory and lasting peace were actually secured by a conventional military campaign dominated by offensive operations, followed by an entirely separate civilian development program. The role of special forces was overemphasized – not only in regards of their relative number of operations, but also in regards of their impact – while the insurgency was suppressed by punitive means, and the capacity building remained limited during the war. It was only once offensive operations were completed that the development program contributed to the lasting peace. This peace, in turn, would have been impossible without the conventional military campaign. As such, this ‘small’ conflict proved of crucial importance for the nation on the southeastern side of the Arab Peninsula.The War in Northern Oman provides a detailed account of the political dynamics which led to the eruption of violence, but foremost examines the use of force, the wider conventional military campaign, operations by special forces, military capacity building, and the application of soft power factors for civilian capacity building. Moreover, it emphasizes the process of reconciliation and international engagement. Based on extensive research in official documentation, and including numerous personal testimonies, this volume – richly illustrated by photographs provided by veterans – provides exclusive coverage of one of very few wars in which a grassroots insurgency suffered a clear-cut military defeat.

Fulayj: a Sasanian and early Islamic fort in the Sohar hinterland - Priestman, Seth (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2023)
Until 2018 knowledge of al‑ʿUlā County’s archaeology had been limited to a few key sites. Since then, an extensive archaeological landscape survey has been conducted on behalf of the Royal Commission for AlUla (RCU) across a large area (3302 km2) centred in and around the al‑ʿUlā valley (excluding the oasis and the key heritage sites of Dadan, Ḥegrā (al‑Ḥijr), Qurḥ (al‑Mābiyāt), and Old Town), as a part of the broader Identification and Documentation of Immovable Heritage Assets (IDIHA) survey. The IDIHA project aims to identify heritage assets in advance of the anticipated increase in visitors and facilitate further research. Data collected through remote sensing and ground recording of sites has been integrated into a customized heritage geodatabase. Over 16,000 sites have been recorded in the main al‑ʿUlā valley over three years by the ground survey, demonstrating an intensive occupation of the area from the Palaeolithic through to the present, including a rich range of domestic, agro-pastoral (including water management), funerary, defensive, ritual/religious, infrastructure/transport, productive and hunting sites, as well as communication/artistic (rock art and inscriptions — the largest category in terms of overall numbers of sites). In parallel with the survey, targeted excavations explored a selection of mostly late prehistoric sites and feature types in order to develop an understanding of the chrono-cultural development of the landscape, adding considerable data to our knowledge of the archaeology of north-western Arabia.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

La Féniguia ou le rituel d’un olivier de culte à Djerba - Elouati, Mehdi (2024)
Keywords: Moeurs et coutumes – Djerba

Petrographic and geochemical analyses of pottery from Wadi Tanuf, Oman: Approaching pottery production in south‐eastern Arabia during the second and first millennia BCE - Miki, Takehiro; Kuronuma, Taichi; MacDonald, Brandi L.; Glascock, Michael D.; Kondo, Yasuhisa (Archaeometry, 2024)
Abstract This study describes the petrographic and geochemical characteristics of pottery collected from Mugharat al‐Kahf and WTN02 in Wadi Tanuf, north‐central Oman, to clarify interregional similarities and differences in pottery production techniques and examine the existence of interregional trade in pottery with respect to changes in mobile communities. Potsherds from these sites were characterised using thin‐section petrography and instrumental neutron activation analysis. Results revealed that several clay fabrics and tempers were used during the Wadi Suq period (2000–1600 BCE). A region‐wide similarity exists in pottery‐making techniques in terms of the tempering of specific minerals (Oman ophiolite) used in the Early Iron Age (1300–300 BCE). Geochemical results indicate differences in clay sources between the Wadi Suq period and the Early Iron Age in Wadi Tanuf and the unlikelihood of the interregional trade of domestic pottery.
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman

Breaking the Strategic Glass: The Carter Administration and Oman, 1977–1980 - White, Jr., John Bernell (Journal of Cold War Studies, 2024)
When Jimmy Carter became the U.S. president in January 1977, the United States and Oman did not have any formal security arrangements, apart from occasional landings of U.S. military aircraft on Oman's Masirah Island. Although Oman's leader, Sultan Qaboos bin Said, hoped to establish closer security ties with the United States, the Carter administration chose to continue President Richard Nixon's policy of relying on the “twin pillars” of Iran and Saudi Arabia to reinforce Western security in the Persian/Arabian Gulf region. Oman remained mostly a strategic afterthought until a series of crises unfolded in the greater Middle East: a Communist coup in Afghanistan in April 1978, the fall of the Shah of Iran in January 1979, and a war between Marxist South Yemen and North Yemen shortly thereafter. In November 1979, Iranian terrorists backed by the Islamic regime stormed the U.S. embassy in Tehran and seized dozens of hostages. This was followed a month later by the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. With the fall of the Shah and the collapse of the “twin pillars” policy, the Carter administration began a sustained effort to create a Rapid Deployment Force for the Middle East and to gain access to Oman's strategic military facilities. After several months of arduous negotiations, Carter and his team were able to conclude a Facilities Access Agreement with Oman in June 1980, a transformative process that gave Washington the ability to insert U.S. military personnel into the Gulf and Indian Ocean on a contingency basis. The Carter administration's effort stands as a significant achievement, converting Oman into the most reliable U.S. ally in the Gulf region in the 1980s.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Etats-Unis

Boats, horses, and moorings: maritime activities at al-Balīd in the medieval period - Ghidoni, Alessandro; Pavan, Alexia (Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, 2022)
The importance of the medieval city of al-Balīd and its harbour was mentioned in many different sources, and mirrored by a large number of finds and pottery that confirm a primary role of the port as a pivotal hub in Indian Ocean trade during the pre-modern Islamic period (tenth–fifteenth century AD). This paper will examine maritime activities at al-Balīd from a different perspective, combining recent data from the study of ship timbers discovered at the site with the archaeological record, along with evidence of possible harbour facilities. The study of the ship timbers has provided invaluable information about the technology, size, material, type, and function of the watercraft involved in the trade at al-Balīd. The reuse of these timbers in a terrestrial context also alludes to a variety of activities carried out at the site, such as boatbuilding, maintenance, repair, and salvaging. Collectively, this data yields useful insights into the relationship between the different vessels operating at al-Balīd and the structure of the site itself, mainly in connection with one of the most lucrative commercial activities at the port city — the trade of Arabian horses.
Keywords: Navigation – Oman

Storytelling an eco-Islamic future/past: Oral tradition(s), environmentalism and personal responsibility in the Omani public sphere - Curtis, Maria F. (Performing Islam, 2022)
During the global COVID-19 pandemic, the Omani government relied heavily on circulating information and entertainment through multiple forms of social media to keep citizens informed and to promote social distancing. This study explores the 2021 Ramadan Instagram campaign created by Be’ah, the Oman Environmental Services Holding Company, which blended performance genres and Omani traditional storytelling. This case study examines ‘multiplex’ hybrid styles of verbal art that mirrored governmental policy and practice across social media and created a forum where citizens discussed identity, national heritage and what it means to be eco-conscious. A central question in this research concerns the possibilities for social media as a space to communicate, preserve and archive local linguistic diversity and vernacular performative genres.

The Fading of Yearnings for Liberation and Passage When the Bet on Love Is Lost: A Study of the Memoirs and Letters of an Arabian Princess - El-Fakki El-Bashir, Abdalla (Hawwa, 2020)
This paper presents a study of the memoirs and letters of Princess Sālima bt. Saʿīd (d. 1922), whose father, Saʿīd b. Sulṭān (d. 1856), was the ruler of Oman and Zanzibar from 1832 to 1856. One hundred and fifty years ago, the princess entered into a relationship with a young German man, Rudolph Ruete. After the princess fell pregnant, putting her in conflict with the stipulations of her Islamic religion, she decided to elope with her lover and to bet on him. The paper argues that the princess was a revolutionary woman in opposition to traditional Zanzibari culture, and that her story highlights clearly the issue of women and the crisis of freedom in Arab and Islamic culture during that time.
Keywords: Littérature – Zanzibar

A Text in the Jibbali/Shehret Dialect of al-Ḥallānīya (Kuria Muria) with a Grammatical Commentary - Castagna, Giuliano (Semitic Dialects and Dialectology Fieldwork—Community—Change, 2022)
Publisher: [object Object]
Keywords: Linguistique – Oman

Operation Intradon in the Musandam,1970-1971: what this counterinsurgency operation says about British military operations in the Arabian Gulf - Yates, Athol; Hughes, Geraint (Small Wars & Insurgencies, 2022)
Keywords: Dhofar

Power, Narrative, and Magical Realism in Hudā Ḥamad’s Sindrīllāt Masqaṭ - Aljomaa, Mervat (Journal of Arabic Literature, 2023)
This article examines the narrative and literary techniques employed in Hudā Ḥamad’s Sindrīllāt Masqaṭ to draw on Omani women’s experiences of writing and speaking as sources of empowerment and narrative identity. Marking a shift from the dominant realistic and historical fiction often associated with male writers, Ḥamad experiments with magical realism, the carnivalesque, intertextuality, and metafiction to reconfigure the novelistic genre beyond the national prescriptions of literary production. Through the voice of the narrator, alongside the voices of other ordinary women, the novel underscores the significance of women’s symbolic practices within the societal and cultural boundaries of Oman. In an allegory of writing—a major thread running throughout the novel—the narrator/writer seeks to combine the composite, multiple, and fictional fragments of various women’s stories into a single readable text that preserves oral and cultural memory. Thus, on the one hand, this article explores the writer’s experimentation with narrative and storytelling within the context of the Omani literary tradition. On the other hand, it examines modes of women’s empowerment that work through articulative and enunciative practices in the face of linguistic frustration.
Keywords: Littérature – Oman

Tǝghamk Āfyǝt: A Course in Mehri of Dhofar - Watson, Janet C. E. (Harrassowitz Verlag, 2020)
This book is the first coursebook to deal with the Modern South Arabian language, Mehri. Focussing on Mehri as spoken in Central Dhofar, Oman, the work results from several years' close collaboration with four native speakers of Mehri. The book is multimodal, supported by a large number of audio and audio-visual texts from the Mehri archive housed at the Endangered Languages Archive (ELAR) at the School of Oriental and African Studies, London. It comprises twenty lessons and a glossary of all terms occurring in the lessons. Dialogues within the lessons focus as far as possible on aspects of the traditional culture of the Mahrah, thus introducing the student not only to the language, but also to issues of cultural importance.
Google-Books-ID: NldMzQEACAAJ
Keywords: Linguistique – Oman

The Omani Prince in the Search for Protectors. Abdulaziz bin Said’s Struggle for Power and Money in the Time of Growing British Dominance in the Indian Ocean Region - Żbik, Sebastian (Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History, 2022)
Abdulaziz Al-Busaidi was the younger son of the Omani ruler Said bin Sultan. He devoted all his life to gain power and secure a source of income for himself. To achieve this, he formed alliances and sought powerful protectors. Among them were the British who supported him for almost fifty years, both as a potential heir to the thrones of Oman and Zanzibar and as a tool in their imperial policy. Although Abdulaziz’ political projects failed because of the British and his inability to cooperate with prospective allies, his actions greatly affected the history of Oman and Zanzibar in the second half of the nineteenth century.
Keywords: Relations – Oman – Royaume-Uni

Archaeobotanical analysis of food and fuel procurement from Fulayj fort (Oman, 5th-8th c. CE) including the earliest secure evidence for sorghum in Eastern Arabia - Dabrowski, Vladimir; Bouchaud, Charlène; Tengberg, Margareta; Zazzo, Antoine; Priestman, Seth (Journal of Arid Environments, 2021)
Keywords: Archéologie – Oman