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The author describes the ancient synagogue of Hara Saghira on the island of Jerba in Southern Tunisia, perhaps the most famous synagogue in North Africa. By a study of the design and comparison with other synagogues on the island he arrives at a reconstruction of the original form of the building. His main point is that one the two portions of the present interior was originally a peristyle. The general layout of the synagogues on Jerba is reminiscent of the type of synagogue common in Mediterranean countries in the centuries immediately after the destruction of the Second Temple.