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The relationship between the Sultanate of Oman and Iran is distinct from that of other Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries in terms of historical political relations. What distinguished this relationship was the geographical factor and the nature of the Sultanate of Oman s foreign policy, especially when Sultan Qaboos bin Said took over the Sultanate of Oman and made its foreign policy a starting point for a prudent policy, making its relationship whith Iran a focus of regional and international that it expressed since the advent of the Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979 . the location of the Sultanate of Oman in the Arabian Gulf made it between the two major poles of conflict in the Gulf and the region Iran and Sauadi Arabia despite this it was able to maintain a balanced policy towards Iran as the Sultanate of Oman was able to adopt a balanced position in its foreign policy, unlike the rest of the countries in the region, at a time when the middle East witnessed many events and experiences that made some countries seek to find a space for alliances and join them . the Sultanate of Oman is considered among all the Gulf cooperation Council countries to be the most comfortable country towards Iran this is a result of the balanced behavior that the Sultanate of oman follows in its foreign policy towards Iran as a way to maintain its security because it does not see, in light of its capabilities to deter military threats rather, by managing the threads of balance through calming external threats in the Arabian Gulf it seeks as much as possible to be a source of regional and international trust in order to maintain a balance between the conflicting interests of its neighbors and its supreme national interest represented by its security within a foreign policy that places national intersts and avoiding conflicts as a fundamental goal in its orientations, even after the invasion of Iraq by the United states of America in 2003, to the liberation of the British sailors hostages in 2007 and the effective role the Sultanate of Oman in resolving these crises. أن علاقة سلطنة عُمان مع إيران علاقة تتميز عن غيرها من دول مجلس التعاون الخليج العربية من حيث العلاقات السياسية التاريخية ، والذي ميز هذه العلاقة العامل الجغرافي وطبيعة سياسة سلطنة عُمان الخارجية وخاصة عندما تولى السلطان قابوس بن سعيد سلطنة عُمان وجعل من سياستها الخارجية منطلقاً نحو سياسة حصيفة جعل من علاقتها مع إيران محط وساطة إقليمية ودولية عبرت عنها منذ مجئ الثورة الإسلامية في إيران عام 1979 . أن موقع سلطنة عُمان في الخليج العربي جعل منها ما بين قطبي الصراع الكبيرين في الخليج والمنطقة ايران والسعودية ورغم ذلك فإنها استطاعت من ان تحافظ على سياسة متوازنة تجاه إيران حيث أستطاعت سلطنة عُمان من تبني موقف متوازن في سياستها الخارجية عكس بقية دول المنطقة في وقت شهدت منطقة الشرق الأوسط العديد من الأحداث والتجارب جعلت من بعض الدول تسعى الى إيجاد مساحة من التحالفات والانضمام إليها وتُعد سلطنة عُمان من بين جميع دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي هي الدولة الأكثر أرتياحاً تجاه ايران ، وهذا نتيجة السلوك التوازني الذي تتبعه سلطنة عُمان في سياستها الخارجية تجاه ايران كسبيل للحفاظ على آمنها . لأنها لا ترى في ضوء ما تمتلكه من قدرات على ردع التهديدات العسكرية ، وانما من خلال إدارة خيوط التوازن عبر تهدئة التهديدات الخارجية في الخليج العربي . فهي تسعى قدر الأمكان لكي تكون موضع ثقة إقليمية ودولية ، لأجل الحفاظ على التوازن بين المصالح المتضاربة لجيرانها وبين مصلحتها القومية العُليا المتمثلة بأمنها في ضمن سياسة خارجية تضع المصالح الوطنية والبُعد عن الصراعات كهدف أساسي في توجهاتها حتى بعد غزو العراق من قبل الولايات المتحدة الامريكية عام 2003 . الى تحرير الرهائن البحارة البريطانيين عام 2007 ودور سلطنة عُمان الفعال في حل هذه الأزمات.
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Discover this 2025 paper in Al Malweah for Archaeological & Historical Studies by ريا مجيد عطية; and, ماجد عجيمي سليم Abstract: In 2017, the Gulf crisis erupted between Qatar on one side, and Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Bahrain on the other, following the severing of diplomatic and economic ties with Qatar and accusations of its support for terrorism. However, the Sultanate of Oman took a different stance from its Gulf neighbors. Moreover, Oman adopted a policy of positive neutrality in the crisis, avoiding alignment with any of the conflicting parties. It also sought to play a mediating role between the rivals, calling for dialogue and de- escalation.
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The seventh in the CAIW series, this title draws on the 50 years of experience of Cambridge based World of Information. During most of the period covered, Oman was ruled by Sultan Qaboos bin Said, overcoming several handicaps, including modest hydrocarbon revenues, and during the first years of Qaboos’ reign, a rebellion in the southern province of Dhofar. The latter was often described as a full-blown war with the neighbouring People’s Democratic Republic of the Yemen (PDRY) and its Soviet supporters. Nevertheless, this strategically located, mostly Ibadhi sect Sultanate, has developed from a medieval, into a modern state.
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This thesis explains the prevailing paradigm of the role of small states in regional security systems, and fundamentally examines the case of Oman as a small country that has managed to play a significant role in the Middle Eastern regional security system, contrary to conventional political science expectations of such states’ behavior as per the neoclassical realism theory (NRT) paradigm. This thesis explains Oman’s different and independent regional positions, notably: (1) supporting the Camp David Peace Accords (1978) and not joining the Arab League and Gulf boycott of Egypt after Sadat’s rapprochement with Israel; (2) developing and maintaining diplomatic ties with Iran after the 1979 Revolution, when it was seen as an imminent threat to Gulf regimes, and during the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988); (3) meditating between Iran and the US in the P5+1’s Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (2015) (i.e., the “Iran Nuclear Deal”); and (4) preserving regional security in the context of the ongoing Yemen conflict. This thesis examines these cases in light of hitherto unutilized sources (such as newspapers, official documents, gray literature, archives, memoirs, local books, reports, memos) and interviews with key experts involved in Oman’s foreign policy and related events. This thesis thus demonstrates that Oman as a small state was able to tangibly and effectively influence the regional security system through a balanced foreign policy and establishing spaces that support dialogue and diplomacy to address regional tension and conflicts and maintain relative neutrality in most regional and international conflicts.