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The article traces the multifaceted path of the Sultanate of Oman: it analyzes the evolution of the Sultanate's role: from a British possession focused on domestic politics and the resolution of internecine wars to an influential player in the region and a mediator in resolving conflicts on an international scale. The article shows how Oman combines a traditional but unique foreign policy with active participation in solving global problems, and neutral, as a peacemaker and mediator in terms of escalating conflicts.
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IIIe millénaire av. J.-C. Ca. 3100 – 2700 av. J.-C. Culture de Hafit. Ca. 2700 – 2000 av. J.-C. Culture d’Umm an-Nar. Ca. 2400 av. J.-C. Le pays de Magan, identifié comme Oman, apparaît dans les textes cunéiformes sumériens. Commerce du cuivre, du bois et de la diorite. Échanges entre l’Inde et la Mésopotamie. Ca. 2000 – 1300 av. J.-C. Culture de Wādī Sūq. IIe millénaire av. J.-C. Ca. 1200 av. J.-C. Site de Salut. IIIe siècle av. J.-C. Fondation du port de Sumhuram, dans le Dhofar, comptoir ...
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L’ambition de ce dossier thématique est d’esquisser un état des lieux pluridisciplinaire de la période contemporaine du Sultanat d’Oman. Il a été envisagé comme une invitation à faire dialoguer des réflexions de recherche issues d’horizons divers portant sur l’histoire de ce pays, mais également sur les grandes mutations sociales et culturelles qui ont traversé sa société. L’appel à contribution a été lancé au début de l’année 2020 dans un contexte qui ne présageait pas de la crise du coronav...
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Omani civilization is very old. Early Bronze Age civilization in the fourth millennium BC unified the whole Oman peninsula from the Abu Dhabi islands to Ra’s al-Hadd and Masirah Island. Coastal regions were in constant touch with the outside world as boats, loaded with copper, diorite and frankincense travelled far, from the south-eastern shores of Africa along the coast of the Indian Ocean rim. In contrast, villages in the Hajar mountains formed isolated pockets in the valleys and on the slopes of the mountains. Regardless, the irrigation was a matter for the village where agreements over irrigation systems were negotiated and managed on a customary basis. The governing power, whether it was a religious Imam, a secular king, a sultan or a foreign occupier, was a factor in the village reality. At times this was beneficial, as under the First unitary Imamate in the eighth to ninth century, when customary law and Islamic law on irrigation were consolidated into a harmonised whole. At times, the collapse of central power and subsequent internal fighting between the tribes resulted in significant destruction and the abandonment of settlement. The birth of a modern Omani state in the latter half of the twentieth century under Sultan Qaboos signalled a break with the past, except for the culture, which continues to live in the traditions and laws of the people of the land.
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