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In the western Jabal Akhdar Dome of northeastern Oman and within the Neoproterozoic Huqf Supergroup, well-exposed sedimentary formations span the Cryogenian to Ediacaran periods. These rocks bear the marks of the distant Cadomian Orogeny. Among these formations, the youngest corresponds to the diverse Ediacaran Fara Formation, partly time-equivalent to the Ara Group in the subsurface of Oman. Our study extensively examined the Fara Formation’s lithologies, stratigraphy, and syndepositional deformation features to shed light on the Late Ediacaran geological evolution of eastern Arabia. Through meticulous analysis, several key findings and confirmations of previous research emerged from our investigation: (1) the Fara Formation can be categorized into three distinct members (in ascending vertical succession FA1, FA2 and FA3); (2) while FA1 and FA2 members display signs of Cadomian D1 deformation, FA3 Member does not show any evidence of D1 deformation; (3) the first description of the fossil Palaeopascichnus assigns an Ediacaran age to the entire Fara Formation; (4) the volcaniclastic rocks within the Fara Formation are geochemically similar to Hormuz’s volcanics from the same period; and (5) carbonates and siliciclastic rocks of FA1 and FA2 formed within a probably NW/SE-striking back-arc basin associated with Cadomian subduction, while FA3′s siliciclastic rocks unconformably overlie the latter members.
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Geotourism is a form of natural area tourism that focuses on geology and natural heritage of the land. Geoconservation and geological heritage are considered now as a new challenge for geological research which concentrate on the preservation of sites of geological value. Oman is considered by geologists and geotourists as an open geologic book and a big wonderful outdoor geological Museum with unique geological features. The country offers many geological features which are spectacular or unique. The geological stories can be found everywhere in Oman, where one can explore the fascinating geology in one of the most varied and diverse landscapes – from gravel to sand to salt, Oman has a landscape, outcrop, archaeological sites, local culture and fascinating human stories or formation to suit everyone. Therefore, the country attracts more and more geosciences students to study geology in the field, as well as tourists to enjoy the spectacular scenery. As a consequence, thereof geological heritage is in danger of being destroyed due to lack of awareness, and the need to protect unique geological sites and landscapes.
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This is a story of failure and success, of disappointment and elation. World wars, a market glutted with cheap oil and geologists unable to access areas of interest hampered the search. Early expeditions provided the first maps of the mountains and Dhofar, and glimpses of the geology of the interior, but no evidence of oil.
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Comprehending the physicochemical properties of water is vital for efficient groundwater management in the research area. Groundwater often sees an increase in chemical element concentrations as it moves underground due to water-rock interaction. Water quality is assessed by comparing various parameter levels with drinking water standards. The primary goal of this study is to assess the groundwater quality from Al Dhahirah Governorate by analysing the physicochemical characteristics (pH, EC, TDS, TH, and T) and evaluating the concentrations of alkali and alkaline earth metals. It involved collecting groundwater samples from 11 different sites in the area and using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) to analyse various elements, such as Ca, Na, Mg, and Sr. The study’s results reveal that the quality parameters of drinking water sources are within the Omani and World Health Organization (WHO) standards, except for Na, Mg, Sr, and TH level. The average concentrations of Na and Mg were 527.64 and 87.93 mg/L, respectively, while the average TH measured 658.86 mg/L, which is classified as very hard. The analysis of correlations among groundwater quality parameters indicates that physicochemical parameters influence the chemical properties of groundwater. To ensure safe drinking water, it is advisable to treat contaminated water before use and regularly monitor its quality. The findings contribute to the understanding of water quality in this region, providing valuable insights for environmental and public health considerations.
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