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Nanorrhinum roseiflorum, characterized by pink flowers, a twiggy shrub habit and very small leaves, is described as a new species from Dhofar (Oman). it is distributed on the mountain rocky slopes of Jabal Qara, from Qaftwat to Wanat, at an altitude of 900–1150 m, and in the dry area of Wadi Andur, behind Jabal Samhan, at an altitude of 600 m.
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Orbea nardii, a new species found in the mountains of Al Mughsayl (central Dhofar, Oman) is here described and compared with some other closely related species of Orbea. Moreover the presence of Orbea luntii in Dhofar is confirmed on the basis of its finding on the southern slope of Jabal Samham and, finally Pentatropis bentti, found in the mountains of Hasik, eastern Dhofar, is recorded for the first time.
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This paper describes the pollen morphology of the most common trees, shrubs and woody herbs growing in the coastal plain and the escarpment of Dhofar, a wide region in southern Oman. The plant habit and habitat are also reported.
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Polygala moggii grow in a coastal area near Hasik (eastern Dhofar). This new species, apart from its small size and small violet flowers, is also characterized by glabrous unwinged capsules and greenish petaloid sepals without evident nervation. For the characteristics of the sepals, this species resembles some other dwarf species from Somalia and Ethiopia, which have also a limited distribution.
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Wadi Andur covers the central part of a vast pre-desert area located behind Jabal Samhan (eastern Dhofar). A contribution to the area's flora, of which till now scarce data was available owing to the inaccessibility, is presented. Among the species collected, Schweinfurthia latifolia is new to Oman; Zygophyllum qatarense is new to Dhofar. Other species like Cornulaca monacantha, Farsetia dhofarica, Herniaria maskatensis and Polycarpaea repens are rare in this region. The presence in the Andur area of Boswellia sacra, so far recorded only on the Hasik mountains and on the mountains behind Jibjat, is discussed.
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The mountainous area surrounding Hasik is renown from antiquity as one of the areas where the frankincense tree, Boswellia sacra, grows in abundance. However, the botanical knowledge of this area is limited since up to 2003, Hasik had remained isolated due to the absence of a connecting road with Habdin. The construction of a road has allowed reaching the Hasik area, studying the Boswellia sacra populations on the mountains surrounding this small town, and carrying out floristic collections both in the Boswellia sacra area, and inside some small coastal wadis. The floristic list includes 93 taxa; among these Schweinfurthia pedicellata is new to Oman, while Convolvulus ulicinus, Limonium sarcophyllum, and Tephrosia subtriflora are new to Dhofar.
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On the basis of morphology and distribution, the carallumas with creamy-white flowers distributed along the coastal area of Dhofar, considered by Bruins & Jonkers as a form of C. flava N.E. Br. (now Desmidorchis flavus (N.E. Br.) Meve & Liede), have been recognized as a new species under the name Desmidorchis tardellii sp. nov.
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Dhofar, the southern region of Oman is, together with Yemen and N Somalia, where the Frankincense tree Boswellia sacra grows. The aim of this research was to investigate the location and floristic peculiarities of the most relevant populations of Boswellia in order to propose future measures for their safeguard and improvement. The most important Frankincense sites in Dhofar are described and mapped. A floristic list of 180 taxa is also given: some are new to Oman or to the Dhofar region.
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