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Omani forts and castles represent a distinctive model of defensive architecture, constructed out of the need to ensure the security of coastal and inland regions. This architectural style transcended its purely military function to become an architectural text that generated cultural meanings and historical narratives. Thus, it may be examined through the integration of architectural studies with semiotics and hermeneutics, presenting Omani forts as symbolic productions connected to their historical and social contexts. The importance of this architecture becomes evident when recognized as a transboundary tradition extending to Bahrain, where Omani migrants contributed to the transfer of architectural characteristics through construction activities. This paper offers a historical reading of the transmission of Omani architecture and its relation to the artistic and cultural contexts of Bahrain. It inquiries into Omani influence within two historical contexts: the eighteenth century, when the Omanis built Arad Fort; and the mid-twentieth century, when they arrived as migrants and participated in residential construction. The study aims to understand their impact on the Bahraini architectural character, particularly given that they functioned as executing laborers under the supervision of Bahraini contractors. The study adopts historical and descriptive methods to examine Omani architectural influence, emphasizing the roles of design and execution as parallel authorities shaping the final form. The paper focuses on Omani craftsmen as cultural agents and intermediaries between Omani architecture and the new environment. Through comparative analysis, the study reveals two patterns of influence: direct and indirect, with Omani craftsmen remaining the principal common factor. This demonstrates how Omani architectural influence extended across time and space, highlighting its significance as a historical and transboundary phenomenon.
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Caught between the poles of remembering and forgetting, glorification and neglect, the abandoned mudbrick settlements (ḥārāt) of Oman are a vital object of conflicting processes of interpretation and negotiation. Adopting a diachronic perspective, the multi-disciplinary book’s chapters examine their past, present and future. The book presents approaches and results of archaeological, ethnographic, historical and sociological research on abandoned ḥārāt. Oman’s landscape is dotted with abandoned mudbrick settlements and quarters, known as ḥārāt, either isolated in the countryside or surrounded by vibrant, modern urban centres. Most of them were abandoned during the economic upturn and opening of the country after Sultan Qaboos bin Said came to power in 1970. People’s move from traditional mudbrick to modern concrete houses led to the deterioration and decay of the physical substance of the mudbrick buildings. In the face of these conditions, various Omani and international actors have repeatedly warned against the uncontrolled loss of this valuable cultural heritage. The former inhabitants of the mudbrick houses and their descendants have also repeatedly emphasised their emotional attachment to these abandoned places and their personal significance to them. At the same time, others, especially tourists, have glorified the dilapidated state of the ruins as an aesthetically beautiful backdrop for a romanticised vision of the past. This was the starting point for the interdisciplinary research project “The abandoned mudbrick settlements of central Oman: Between romanticisation and neglect”, funded by the Gerda Henkel Foundation as part of the “Lost Cities” programme between 2020 and 2022, and conducted by the editors of the present volume. It constitutes the proceedings of the closing conference of the project, in which team members present their results and leading experts give their input on inhabited, abandoned and re(dis)covered mudbrick settlements in the Sultanate of Oman.
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Abstract The article provides a brief overview of the Omani mosques that the Italian archaeologist P.M. Costa classified into two groups in the 1970s based on their floor plans, architectural features, and decorative elements: those from the northern inland regions and those situated along the Indian Ocean coast. A new mosque recently brought to light by the Italian Archaeological Mission to al-Balīd of the University of Naples L’Orientale belongs to this second group.
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Sujet
- Architecture -- Oman
- Archéologie -- Oman (9)
- Architecture -- Djerba (2)
- Architecture -- Mzab (3)
- Dhofar (1)
- Monuments -- conservation -- Oman (5)
- Monuments -- Oman (1)
- Recension (1)
- Sans_Collaborateur (2)
- Tourisme -- Oman (1)
- Urbanisme -- Oman (8)
Type de ressource
- Article de colloque (2)
- Article de revue (26)
- Chapitre de livre (15)
- Livre (16)
- Présentation (7)
- Rapport (1)
- Thèse (2)
Année de publication
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Entre 1900 et 1999
(17)
- Entre 1970 et 1979 (2)
- Entre 1980 et 1989 (5)
- Entre 1990 et 1999 (10)
- Entre 2000 et 2026 (49)
- Inconnue (3)