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The article examines the Jewish Arabic dialects of Gabes and Djerba, two geographically proximate yet linguistically distinct varieties spoken in southern Tunisia. The study highlights significant phonological differences, such as the vowel inventory and the realisation of sibilants, with Jewish Gabes featuring three phonemic vowels and retroflex sibilants, while Jewish Djerba exhibits a reduced vowel system and fronted palatal sibilants. Syntactically, the dialects differ in their future tense markers; Jewish Gabes employs both the particle bāš and the grammaticalised participle ḥabb, while Jewish Djerba uses ḥa, possibly derived from ḥabb. Both dialects also display topicalisation strategies, including left dislocation and non-resumptive topicalisation akin to the ‘Chinese-style topic construction’. The study combines linguistic analysis with field recordings and offers insights into the diachronic and sociolinguistic aspects of these dialects, reflecting the cultural and historical dynamics of Jewish communities in North Africa.

هذا العمل تحقيق ودراسة لكتاب إعراب كلمة الشهادة للشيخ أبي مهدي عيسى بن إسماعيل المليكي وقد سعيت من خلال هذا البحث إلى تحقيق الأهداف التالية: - التعريف بالشارح، وبيان المؤثرات التي ساعدت على إبراز شخصيته العلمية. - تحقيق الكتاب وفق منهج علمي وإخراجه سليما، وذلك بضبط الشواهد، والعمل على توظيف ما من شأنه خدمة النصّ المحقّق. - دراسة الكتاب من حيث ميزته، ومنهج المؤلّف، وأسلوبه. وقد توّج البحث بخاتمة تضمّنت أهمّ النتائج. ثم ختمت هذا العمل بفهارس فنية. وأخيرا أرجو أن أكون قد وفّقت في عرض هذا الكتاب، ووضعه في مكانه المناسب وإضافة لبنة في بنائنا الثقافي وتراثنا الحضاري.

Studies on post-slavery in East Africa often concentrate on the aftermath of slavery for the formerly enslaved. By contrast, former owners’ experiences after abolition and during emancipation are rarely explored. This article examines the trajectories of Omani Arabs in western Tanzania during and after the end of slavery, ca. 1910 to the late twentieth century. Having settled and built slavelabour plantations along the central caravan route in the nineteenth century, they relocated to rural areas between the 1920s and 1930s following the legal abolition of slavery and great economic depression. To tell their story in postslavery Tanzania, we drew examples from primary sources deposited in the archives of Tanzania and the United Kingdom, and oral interviews collected from the many villages in rural western Tanzania where the Omanis’ descendants now live. We show that the history of the Omani Arabs and their identity in twentieth-century western Tanzania was shaped by economic dispossession and uncertainty about citizenship, but also by evolving cultural identities and sustained social networking.

Rahmah bin Jabir (c. 1760-1826) is one of the most frequently mentioned persons in British sources from the Gulf in the first decades of the nineteenth century. He is also found throughout important Arabic-language chronicles. Despite his prominence in the sources, however, scholars have paid him relatively little attention, in either English or in Arabic. Though often cast as a pirate, this article argues that Rahmah bin Jabir was a political entrepreneur critical to shaping the international order of the Gulf in the first half of the nineteenth century. Reading against the grain of the colonial archive and synthesizing British sources with Arab chronicles, this article brings to life a textured political imaginary of the Gulf in the global age of revolutions, using Rahmah to weave overlapping political agendas between different emerging states, including the Omanis, the Saudi-Wahhabis, the Bahrainis, the Qataris, and the British. I suggest that Rahmah stands as one figure through whom historians can continue piecing together an age of revolutions in the Gulf that is more than Europe’s emergence into modernity, one that highlights a complex and vibrant history of negotiation, endurance, and resiliency.

من اللغات التي تتميّز بنظام تركيبيٍّ نحويٍّ، وصرفيٍّ، وصوتيٍّ -فريدٍ- هي اللغة العربية، فإنها أجزل لغات العالم لفظاً، وأمكنِها مقدرةً على استيعاب المفردات، ولكلماتها وألفاظها دلالاتٌ مختلفات، ومعلومٌ أنّ اللغة فنٌّ لا يولد مع الإنسان إلا بعد المخالطة، والدراسة، وطول النظر، والعكوف على مصادرها - بحثاً وتقصّياً- للوقوف على بدائعها وأسرارها، وممن لَمَعَ نجمه، وبَانَ أُفقُه -امتداداً على طول الزمن- عالمٌ عاش في القرن الخامس الهجري عرف بـ "العوتبيّ" و"الصحاري"، إذ ترك لنا كتاباً في أربعة أجزاء أسماه: "الإبانة"، في بيان كثير من معاني اللغة، ومضمّناً إياه كثيراً من مسائل النحو والصرف والبلاغة والمعاني، جاء هذا البحث متناولاً بيانَ مكانة هذا العالم الكبير الذي غفلت عنه الدراسات، ثم بعضاً من أهم المسائل النحوية والصرفية الواردة في كتابه "الإبانة"، واستخراج هذا الكنز المتناثر بين طيّاته، وتناولها بالشرح والتفصيل ليستفيد منها الباحثون، على الرغم من ان هذا الكتاب مُعجَميٌّ؛ إلا أنّ هذه المسائل قد أخذت نصيبها منه عنده في الكتاب، جاء البحث في مبحثين: الأول تعريف بالعوتبيِّ وشيء من ترجمته، ثم تعريفاً بكتابه "الإبانة"، مع بيان محتواه وموضوعه، وأبرز ملامح منهجه فيه ، وجاء المبحث الثاني: باحثاً بعضاً من أهم المسائل النحوية والصرفية الواردة فيه، فأصحبت المسائل: أربعة نحويّات، وثلاثةٍ صرفيات، ثم خاتمة، مع أبرز النتائج.

ملخص البحث ‫يمكن القول بأن الأمثال الشحرية تشكّل جزءًا أساسيًا من الذاكرة الثقافية التواصلية ومن الخزان الثقافي الخاص في هذه الديار عبر التاريخ والتي تعكس بلا شك علاقة الإنسان بالأرض واستمراريته في أرض ظفار. يتناول البحث عددًا من الأمثال المنطوقة التي تعبر عن ثقافة مجتمعية تعتمد على الذاكرة في التواصل واكتساب المعرفة وتداول الثقافة. تكشف الأمثال عن المصادر الأولية في الثقافة الشعبية ومدى ارتباطها بالمعتقد الديني أو العرف الاجتماعي. وتتناول جزءا من ثقافة المجتمع تجاه المرأة فتقدر المرأة وتثمن دورها الاجتماعي، وتوضح الأمثال الشحرية عن نمط اقتصادي رعوي يشارك فيه الرجال والنساء معًا.‬

Abstract First reported in 2014, a fortified site atop a small mountain adjacent to the village of al-Nejd shows another facet of the settlements of the little-known Samad Late Iron Age (SLIA). Until recently, few settlements of the Early Iron Age and late pre-Islamic period are recorded and published in the land between the Oman Peninsula (U.A.E.) and Oman’s southern province, Dhofar. While analyzing graves with skeletons and finds of the latter period yields information about their owners, settlements lag far behind. With this background, al-Nejd offers new insight into the settlement, in addition to the first coin to be found in Oman. The authors attempt graphic documentation to contextualize the architecture and answer two questions. First, is there a typical kind of SLIA fortification separate from other periods? Second, how closely is the SLIA related to its neighbors and the preceding period in terms of material culture and architecture?

Abstract The Nafūn rock art complex, located in al-Wusṭā Governorate in south-central Oman, was discovered in 2020 and has emerged as one of the most extensive rock art sites in southeast Arabia. The site features 59 flat limestone rock surfaces with over 200 South Arabian inscriptions and over 500 engraved figures. These figures include maritime animal depictions such as sea turtles, sperm whales, squid, jellyfish, ray fish, and mola mola, along with more common depictions of camels (sometimes ridden) and horsemen hunting oryx or wild canids. The rock art tradition in the Nafūn area is estimated to reach from the 5th millennium BCE to the 2nd millennium CE, offering a unique window into a way of life that endured for over 6,000 years.

مسرح في منطقة تربلا في جربة، منطقة تحميها اتفقاية رمسار. اليوم نضحيو بالبيئة على خاتر الثقافة و الا نحافظو عليهم الاثنين. ايمن رزڨي من نواة يجي بحذانا بش...

In North Africa, the long-term coexistence between Jews and Muslims generated many interfaith crossings. It was not uncommon for the followers of one religion to visit a shrine of the other, in order to obtain baraka (divine grace). This phenomenon has mostly disappeared throughout the Maghreb, but it persists on the island of Djerba (southern Tunisia), where over a thousand Jews are still living. Every year, for the Jewish holiday of Lag Ba’Omer, a pilgrimage gathers together thousands of Jewish pilgrims in the Ghriba synagogue. Many come from abroad, notably from France and Israel, where many Tunisian Jews migrated after the mid-20th century. Some Muslims also participate at different moments of the pilgrimage. Based on historical research and on ethnographic work carried out in 2014 and 2022, this article elucidates a series of paradoxes that make the singularity of this holy place. Here the interactions between Jews and Muslims at the shrine are characterized by an intense conviviality. Yet, during the last decades this site has been affected by tangible eruptions of bloody violence by Islamist terrorists. The structure of the pilgrimage seems to rest on a delicate balance between local and external forces. More generally, the Ghriba pilgrimage is crossed by major political dynamics, and is recurrently affected by the turmoil of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

شروع ثقافي سياحي خاص ضخم، على أرض رطبة محمية باتفاقية "رامسار" الدولية. كيف تم الأمر؟ وأين حرص الدولة في الحفاظ على المحميات؟ وهل تجيز الثقافة الاعتداء على المحميات الرطبة؟ أم أن المشروع سليم ولا يستدعي احتجاجات نشطاء البيئة؟

Retour sur une affaire où politique, culture et favoritisme se mêlent dans une impunité totale..

Originally published in English in 1928, this volume deals mainly with Anglo-German relations at the end of the 19th Century. Chancellor Otto von Bismarck’s voice can be heard clearly in the documents which give an extensive picture of the alternating phases of relations between Great Britain and Germany, as influenced by their respective obligations and interests in the international issues which united or divided the Powers over a period of twenty years. The strongest impression which these documents leave is the revelation of how greatly the mentality of the western world changed since they were drafted, and especially during the decade which came after World War I. The shaping of policy, as exhibited in these despatches and memoranda, is governed almost exclusively by the ultimate idea of war as the deciding factor. The menace of war and the prospects of success or failure in aggression or defence appear to be the essential motives of policy.