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يتناول البحث معرفيا شخصية رمزية في المجالين الكلامي والفكري، إذ يعالج الدّرس الكلامي عند عمرو خليفة النّامي، كما يهدف إلى فهم مصطلح الأمّة عنده، من خلال تراثه العلمي المكتوب والمنقول عنه مشافهة. ذلك أنّ علم الكلام في عمومه وعند مختلف المدارس الكلامية بقية جافا وتابعا. جافا من حيث مباحثه وقضاياه، وتابعا لتقريرات كلّ مدرسة ومذهب واتّجاه، رغم قيامته من بين ركام الماضي ومحاولته اللّحاق بتحدّيات الواقع الذي نشأ ونمى وتجدّد فيه، تحت ضغط الجدل الدّيني ومقولات الفلاسفة وصراعات المتكلّمين وأصحاب الفِرق. ولا نبالغ إن اعتبرنا أنّ الأشاعرة والماتريدية عموما أو من يُعبّر عنهم بأهل السنّة والجماعة ـ بغض النّظر عن من انتسب لهم لاحقا ـ قد وجدوا أنفسهم في جهة مقابلة للمدرسة الإباضية، خاصّة في العصر الحديث، مع انتعاشة صحوة التديّن وظهور التيّار الإسلامي العريض بمختلف مسمّياته وأدبيّاته، والذي يُعتبر عمرو خليفة النّامي أحد رموزه، إذ نسج مشروعه المعرفي من مادّتين؛ الاتّجاه العقدي والفقهي الإباضي والالتزام الفكري والتنظيمي المبكّر في المشروع الإسلامي الحديث. وفي هذا الإطار المعرفي الدقيق يتنزّل بحث "الدّرس الإباضي من خلال كتاب دراسات عن الإباضية للمفكّر عمرو خليفة النّامي"، محاولين تحديد ملامح منهجيته في التعاطي مع تلك المسائل الكلامية الخلافية التراثية مهيّأ منها عجينة مادّته الفكرية في إطار إعادة تشكيل الوعي الإسلامي للنُّخَب الشّبابية، وكيف استطاع نحت تعريف جديد لمفهوم الأمة المسلمة من أجل بناء جيل رسالي جديد منسجم متكامل وغير متناقض بسبب ذلك الموروث الفقهي والكلامي القديم، والجدلي في كثير من مواطنه. ولذلك جعلنا للبحث ثلاثة معابر حتى يفهم القارئ طبيعة مشروع عمرو خليفة النّامي، في تقييم التراث من جهة، والانخراط في المشاريع التنويرية الحديثة من جهة ثانية، وذلك من خلال محاضرته "ملامح الحركة العلمية في وارجلان (ورقلة) وضواحيها"، وكتاب "ظاهرة النفاق في إطار الموازين الإسلامية"، وكتاب "دراسات عن الإباضية". وهو جوهر البحث.

This research aims to identify some of the urban planning constants established by scholars and experienced practitioners in the founding of cities, and to examine their connection to the establishment of major urban centers of the Central Maghreb—such as Tihert, M’sila, Achir, Al-Qal‘a, Béjaïa, Constantine, and Tlemcen. This is achieved through an investigation of the environmental and ecological considerations observed in selecting city locations and planning. Accordingly, careful attention was given to place characteristics and suitability in relation to criteria present in many chosen sites. Consequently, these factors had a significant impact on the history of these cities, their future trajectories, transformations, and relations with their surrounding environment, which constitutes a vital space for both cities and inhabitants. On this basis, these cities were able to develop, endure, and withstand time.

In 1798, the first political treaty between Oman and Britain was signed, establishing the foundation for the development of bilateral relations across various domains. This agreement laid the groundwork for extensive cooperation between Muscat, the capital of Oman, and London in subsequent years, particularly in the military sector. In 1952, Saudi forces reinitiated military intervention in the Buraimi region, located in northwestern Oman, after an absence of more than eighty years, posing a direct threat to the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Oman. This incursion prompted the need for coordinated political and military action between Sultan Said bin Taimur (1932–1970) and his ally, Britain, leveraging the longstanding relationship and formal agreements between the two nations to counter the threat and restore stability.Accordingly, this study seeks to examine the nature and dimensions of Omani-British cooperation during the Buraimi Crisis (1952–1955), highlighting the convergence of mutual interests that underpinned the alliance during this critical episode. The study explores the support extended by the British government to Sultan Said in both political and military contexts and frames the crisis within a historical narrative that traces its evolution from inception to resolution. By outlining the various phases of the conflict and emphasizing Britain’s role throughout, the research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of this pivotal moment in twentieth-century Gulf politics.

The following evaluates 778 tombs surveyed, 295 from the BEW salvage excavations in the Bāṭina, and 361 excavated from Samad/al‑Muyasser. We entered long‑known and also new sites into an open-source database known as ‘Ent’ – an ongoing effort. Two issues arise for the hut tomb chronology: to determine a more specific nomenclature of the tomb shapes and to date by means of contexted finds. To the extent possible, we disambiguate hut tombs from other burial structures. Specific stone structures previously identified as ‘cairns’ can be more closely typologised. Dating tombs more finely than to the Early Iron Age or late pre‑Islamic period is rarely realistic. Excavated, poorly preserved tombs shed little light on the dating of well‑preserved hut tombs.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a life threating disease and a major public health problem caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm named Echinococcus granulosus. Cystic echinococcus is transmitted from animals to human (zoonotic disease). In endemic areas, the incidence rate reaches over 50 per 100,000 person/year and prevalence may be as high as 5-10%. It is found in most countries worldwide, but it is not an epidemic disease. Current treatment involves surgical removal of the cysts, percutaneous drainage, or chemotherapy with anthelmintic drugs like albendazole. While albendazole is effective in treating (CE) in both humans and animals, though, it has drawbacks, including poor absorption, vertigo, liver enzymes elevations plus the risk of recurrence. Recently, there was a high tendency among researchers to evaluate and present herbal plants as an alternative option due to being easily available, inexpensive, cheap and with low side effects. Therefore, the current project aims to explore the scoliocidal potential of Boswellia sacra extracts, and essential oils on Echinococcus granulosus both in vitro and in vivo. Protoscolices were collected from hydatid cysts obtained from infected sheep livers. Many polar and non-polar solvents were used to obtain a wide range of extracts from B. sacra gum resin. Extracts were prepared and applied at various concentrations (e.g. 30, 3, 0.3 µg/ml) for different exposure times (2-60 minutes). The mortality rates were assessed using 0.1% eosin staining by light microscopy. The results so far obtained indicate that all extracts used in the current study displayed promising significant scoliocidal effects against E. granulosus in vitro speaking. However, the standardized B. sacra gum resin extract showed the highest scoliocidal activity in vitro, achieving 100% mortality at 3µg/ml after 10 minutes of exposure compared to both negative and treated positive control with albendazole. These results are promising, however, additional in vivo studies are in progress to confirm such activity.

Frankincense, the aromatic resin obtained from Boswellia species, has been traditionally valued for its medicinal and antimicrobial properties. A standardized extract of Boswellia sacra (Omani frankincense) was evaluated for its antimicrobial and antifungal properties. The chemical composition of the powder was analyzed using HPLC/MS, revealing a rich profile of bioactive triterpenoids including boswellic acids (AKBA, KBA, α-BA, β-BA, α-ABA, and β-ABA) and lupeolic acids (LA and ALA). Among these, β-ABA (86 µg/mg) and AKBA (50 µg/mg) were the most abundant. Antibacterial activity was assessed using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays, showing moderate inhibition of Escherichia coli (MIC: 512 mg/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus (MIC: 1024 mg/mL). Antifungal testing revealed stronger effects, with 38% inhibition of Fusarium sp. at 0.25 mg/mL after 5 days of incubation. However, the inhibition of Alternaria alternata at 0.5 mg/mL was 45%. These results support the potential of this standardized extract as a natural antimicrobial and antifungal agent and underscore the value of Omani frankincense in traditional and modern therapeutics.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a severe zoonotic disease that poses a significant threat to humans and animals, slow animal husbandry, caused by larval stages of Echinococcus granulosus. Canines are the definitive host, while humans are the accidental host. E. granulosus infections often remain asymptomatic for years before the cysts grow large enough to cause symptoms. Hepatic and pulmonary signs and symptoms are the most common clinical manifestations. Approximately 4 million people are infected with hepatic hydatid disease globally, and an additional 60 million are at risk of infection. The liver is the most involved organ, although it may affect other organs. The diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis relies on immunodiagnostic methods alongside radiological methods in combination with clinical findings. Albendazole and Mebendazoles are the drugs for choice in treating small cysts and preventing recurrence after surgery. In general, herbal extracts from different plants have gained attention in recent years for the prevention and treatment of a variety of chronic conditions due to their multi-targeted characteristics. Nerium oleander has a wide range of potential activities including anticancer, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. B. sacra gum resin possesses a wide range of potential activities such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic, analgesic, immunomodulatory. Given the side effects of the medications used and the risks of surgical procedures, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of combining extracts of N. oleander leaves and selected B. sacra gum resin extracts. The samples were exposed for different time periods (5-20-35-50) minutes using different concentrations (30µg/ml-3µg/ml-0.3µg/ml) for each exposure period. The combination of the extracts had a clear effect on the percentage of killing protoscoleces in vitro. The percentage of killing protoscoleces increased with increasing concentration and exposure period of the extracts in vitro, the highest percentage of killing was recorded in the N. oleander extract, reaching 70% at a concentration of 30mg/ml for a 50-minute exposure period. After combining the extracts, the highest percentage of killing was recorded, reaching 64% at a concentration of 30mg/ml for a 50-minute exposure period. The highest percentage of killing was recorded for the B. sacra extracts reaching 58% at a concentration of 30mg/ml for a 50-minute exposure period. The current results in vitro are interesting and encouraging, indicating some synergistic effect between these extracts, however, additional animal studies are required to further validate the synergistic effect of B. sacra and Nerium oleander leaves.