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Yule, P. A. (2013). Late pre-Islamic Oman: The Inner Evidence – The Outside View. In M. Hoffmann-Ruf & A. al-Salimi (Eds.), Oman and overseas (pp. 13–33). Georg Olms Verlag.
Rogerson, B. (2010). The last crusaders: the hundred-year battle for the centre of the world (1st ed). Overlook Press.

The Crusades were the bridge between medieval and modern history, between feudalism and colonialism. In many ways, the little explored later Crusades were the most significant of them all, for they made the crisis truly global. "The Last Crusaders" is about the period's last great conflict between East and West, and the titanic contest between Habsburg-led Christendom and the Ottoman Empire in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.It focuses not on the more famous Crusades from 1095 and 1291 but on a later series of clashes between various Christian and Muslim forces in and around the Mediterranean, beginning with Portugal's capture of the city of Ceuta in 1415 and ending with the battles at Lepanto in 1571 and Alccer Quibir in 1578. From the great naval campaigns and the ferocious struggle to dominate the North African shore, the conflict spread out along trade routes, consuming nations and cultures, destroying dynasties, and spawning the first colonial empires in South America and the Indian Ocean. The author presents not only the exploits of both Christians and Muslims on the battlefield but also their shifting alliances and internal struggles. He also explores how military technologies and the expansion of trade and exploration helped shape the conflicts. This book provides a vibrant and well-organized account of this tumultuous, lesser-known period of history
Prevost, V. (2018). Les femmes berbères dans les sources ibadites du Maghreb médiéval. In V. Brugnatelli & M. Lafkioui (Eds.), Written sources about Africa and their study (pp. 337–356). Biblioteca ambrosiana.

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Prevost, V. (2012). Mağmāğ et les sept savants : la création du Dīwān al-ʿazzāba. Acta Orientalia, 73, 35–58.

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Othman, A. (2014). Les Premiers conquérants musulmans en Sicile et Djerba d’après les chroniqueurs arabes (Questions chronologiques et toponymiques). In B. Saadaoui (Ed.), Études sur l’Afrique et l’Espace Arabo-Méditerranéen =: Studies on Africa and the Arabo-Mediterranean milieu (pp. 17–30). Centre de Publication Universitaire.

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Molins, P. J. (2017, July 4). Geographical and Social Origin of the Crews of the Catalano-Aragonese Royal Fleet Organized against the Tunisian Island of Djerba, 1430-1432 [Séminaire]. Cohesion and Conflict in Iberian Maritime Borders during the Late Middle Ages: Insights from Otherness. https://imc.leeds.ac.uk/dbsql02/AQueryServlet?*id=30&*formId=30&*context=IMC&conference=2017&sessionId=7259&chosenPaperId=&*servletURI=https://imc.leeds.ac.uk/dbsql02/AQueryServlet

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Cresti, F. (2015). Conoscenza scientifica e politica coloniale: Francesco Beguinot, l’impresa di Tripoli ed un progetto incompiuto di “Storia dei Berberi” (1911-1923) (A. M. Di Tolla, Ed.; pp. 171–195). UniorPress.
Delheure, J., Ochoa, J. A., & Ould-Braham, O. (2019). Grammaire de la teggargrent (berbère parlé à Ouargla). Études et Documents Berbères, 42(2), 45–142.
Mandala, G. (2010). La migration des Juifs du Garbum en Sicile (1239). In B. Grévin (Ed.), Maghreb-Italie: des passeurs médiévaux à l’orientalisme moderne, XIIIe-milieu XXe siècle (pp. 19–48). École française de Rome.

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Love Jr, P. M. (2016). Writing a Network, Constructing a Tradition: Ibadi Prosopography in Medieval Northern Africa (11th-16th c.) [Thèse de doctorat, University of Michigan]. https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/133230

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Love Jr, P. M. (2016). Écouter le conte d’un manuscrit penser avec une copie d’une chronique ibadite de la bibliothèque Barouni à Djerba. Études et Documents Berbères, 35–36(1), 301–313. https://www.cairn.info/revue-etudes-et-documents-berberes-2016-1-page-301.htm

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Love Jr, P. M. (2019). A note on texts from the library of Adolphe de Calassanti-Motylinski (1854-1907). Études et Documents Berbères, 41(1), 87–96.

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Love Jr, P. M. (2013). Djerba and the Limits of Rustamid Power. Considering the Ibāḍī Community of Djerba under the Rustamid Imāms of Tāhert (779-909CE). Al-Qantara : Revista de Estudios Arabes, 33(2), 297–323.

This article is aimed at analyzing the medieval and modern source material dealing with the history of Djerba under the Rustamid Imāmate in an attempt to clarify the nature of both the historical and historiographical relationship between them. It will begin by discussing the available primary and secondary source material, including the historiographical challenges they present. An analysis of the textual and archeological evidence connecting the Rustamids and Djerba will follow. Next, it will attempt to synthesize the scattered bits of evidence available in the historical record in an effort to present a clearer picture of Djerba in the Rustamid period. On the basis of this textual and archeological evidence, it will be argued that Djerba was home to an ibādī community independent of the government in Tahert for the majority ‒if not all‒ of that Imāmate’s existence ‒distinguishing the island from the surrounding areas of the Djerid (in southern Tunisia), parts of Aghlabid Ifrīqiya and the Jebel Nafūsa. Furthermore, it will be shown that evidence suggests this independence was not only a political, but also a religious one.<br><br>Este ensayo analiza las fuentes de origen medieval y moderno sobre la historia de Ŷarba en el Imāmato rustamí en un intento de aclarar la naturaleza de la relación histórica e historiográfica entre ellos. Se empieza por discutir las fuentes primarias y secundarias disponibles, incluyendo los retos historiográficos que plantean y se presenta a continuación un análisis de las evidencias textuales y arqueológicas que conectan a los rustamíes con Ŷarba. Se intenta después sintetizar las piezas dispersas de la evidencia disponible en el registro histórico con el fin de presentar una imagen más clara de Ŷarba durante el período rustamí. Con base en esta evidencia textual y arqueológica, se argumentará que Ŷarba era hogar de una comunidad ibādí independiente del gobierno en Tāhert durante la mayor parte (si no en su totalidad) de la existencia del Imāmato, distinguiendo así la isla de los alrededores del Ŷarid (en el sur de Túnez), partes de la Ifrīqiya Aglabí y el Ŷabal Nafūsa. Se muestra por último que la evidencia sugiere que esta independencia no era solamente política, sino religiosa.

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King, M. (2018). The Norman Kingdom of Africa and the Medieval Mediterranean [PhD, University of Minnesota]. http://conservancy.umn.edu/handle/11299/196516

During the twelfth century, the Mediterranean Sea contained a complex array of economic, political, military, religious, and social networks. My dissertation explores the relationship of two dynasties that were at the center of these networks: the Norman lords of Sicily and the Zirid emirs of Ifriqiya (roughly modern-day Tunisia, eastern Algeria, and western Libya) in the years leading up to the Norman conquest of Zirid lands and the formation of the Norman Kingdom of Africa (1148-1160). Previous scholarship, particularly work written by French colonial historians, has emphasized the triumph of the Christian Normans over their Muslim foes and disregarded the agency of the Zirids. I show that the medieval sources tell a different story. Latin and Arabic texts attest to the importance of the Zirid emirs of Ifriqiya to larger networks in the Mediterranean. In 1123, for example, the Zirid emir al-Hasan ibn ‘Ali united a group of Arab and Berber (indigenous North African) tribes to defeat the navy of the Norman lord Roger II. Several years later, al-Hasan ibn ‘Ali formed an alliance with the Almoravids of Morocco to raid cities along the coast of Sicily. Zirid power in Ifriqiya only waned in the wake of a decade-long drought, which allowed the opportunistic Normans to seize Zirid lands. The Normans under Roger II and his son William I ruled the coastline of Ifriqiya for twelve years, during which time they made small changes to its society that favored Christians over Muslims while occasionally proclaiming themselves “King of Africa.” Arabic chroniclers writing about the Norman conquest of Ifriqiya did not acknowledge the legitimacy of the Normans’ kingship in Ifriqiya and instead presented the Normans as one prong of a Mediterranean-wide “Frankish” assault upon the lands of Islam, one that warranted jihad on all fronts.

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Hbaieb, M. A. (2016). À propos des voies entre l’île de Djerba et la presqu’île de Zarzis : de nouvelles données sur la chaussée romaine et ṭarīq al-ğimāl. In A. Mrabet (Ed.), Le réseau routier dans le Maghreb antique et médiéval: Actes du deuxième colloque international [du laboratoire de recherche “Occupation du sol, peuplement et modes de vie dans le Maghreb antique et médiéval” tenu à] Sousse, 06, 07 et 08 avril 2015 = Šabakaẗ al-ṭuruqāt wa-l-masālik bi bilād al-Maġrib al-qadīm wa-l-wasīṭ (pp. 139–158). Faculté des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines.

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Hbaieb, M. A. (2013). Les fortifications de l’île de Djerba : enjeux doctrinaux et stratégies méditerranéennes (Xe-XVIe siècles). In I. C. F. Fernandes (Ed.), Fortificações e território na Península Ibérica e no Magreb: séculos VI a XVI (pp. 301–312). Edições Colibri.

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Hassen, M. (2012). Les mouvements migratoires entre l’Ifriqiya et la Sicile au Ve/XIe et VIe/XIIe siècles. In M. Meouak (Ed.), Biografías magrebíes: identidades y grupos religiosos, sociales y políticos en el Magreb medieval (pp. 297–324). Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas.

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Gouja, M. (with Rey, P.-P.). (2016). Une géographie humaine des espaces ibadites maghrébins au 6ème H.-12ème s: système des ’Azzāba, prémisses d’une “théologie de la libération musulmane”? Ibadica éditions.
Boghosian, R. (2010). Pirates and crusaders: the fight for Mahdia in the middle ages [Master thesis]. California State University.
Addoun, T., & Hadeid, M. (2019). Analysis of the Spatial Distribution of the Commercial Activities in Desert Cities: A Case Study of Ghardaia, Algeria. The Arab World Geographer, 22(1–2), 15–31. https://doi.org/10.5555/1480-6800.22.1.15

The spatial distribution of the commercial activities in cities is very important in contemporary urban research and studies. Such inquiry seeks to detect the efficiency and sufficiency in meeting the needs of clients and customers. In this study, the evaluation styles and methods of these activities, distribution patterns, were multiplied and varied between a simple descriptive visual analyses and extending to geographic statistical analysis. This is related to the nature of the data used in the measurement of these phenomena and in the clarification of their role in urbanscape organization. The prime aim of this research focuses on the city of Ghardaia (an Algerian desert city) after it became markedly characterized by the phenomenon of commercial polarization and the multiplicity of population frequency to involving size and varied directions. The study endeavors to recognize the distribution pattern of commercial activities across the urban texture using a variety of statistical indicators, among them: a commercial density indicator, a commercial attraction and concentration indicator, and in addition to employ Kernel analysis to determine the spatial concentration of commercial activities in the Ghardaia cityscape, through multiple types of commercial activities.

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