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Résumés

Lemarchand, F. (2016, septembre). Sijilmâsa émerge des sables. Les Cahiers de Science et Vie, 13‑15.
Bismuth-Jarrassé, C., & Jarrassé, D. (2010, octobre). Enquête sur les synagogues en Tunisie. Information Juive, 13‑18.
Adams, G. (2015, octobre 26). The Jinn of Oman. Grist Magazine. Pacific Standard. https://psmag.com/social-justice/edge-of-the-arabian-desert-the-jinn-of-oman

On the edge of the Arabian Desert, one remote outpost encounters evil spirits with disturbing frequency.

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Azri, M. M. A.-. (2012, septembre 7). Aflaj UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Oman [Symposium]. The Archeological Heritage of Oman : An Early Cradle of Arabian Civilization brought to the Forefront of Cultural Resource Management.
Thornton, C. P. (2012, septembre 7). The UNESCO World Heritage Site of Bat and Al-Ayn: Past, Present, and Future [Symposium]. The Archeological Heritage of Oman : An Early Cradle of Arabian Civilization brought to the Forefront of Cultural Resource Management.
Bakri, S. S. al-. (2012, septembre 7). The UNESCO World Heritage Site of Bahla: Excavations at the Fort and Great Mosque [Symposium]. The Archeological Heritage of Oman : An Early Cradle of Arabian Civilization brought to the Forefront of Cultural Resource Management.
Giardino, C., Hauptmann, A., & Yule, P. A. (2012, septembre 7). Mines, Workshops and Hoards: The Physical Testimony of a Great Copper-Producing Centre in the Past [Symposium]. The Archeological Heritage of Oman : An Early Cradle of Arabian Civilization brought to the Forefront of Cultural Resource Management.
Orchard, J., & Orchard, J. (2012, septembre 7). The Early Oases of the Hajar Region: Centres of Power and Fly-wheels of Wealth [Symposium]. The Archeological Heritage of Oman : An Early Cradle of Arabian Civilization brought to the Forefront of Cultural Resource Management.
Jawhari, N. S. al-. (2012, septembre 7). Cultural and Economic Changes of Bronze Age Societies in the Oman Peninsula: A Quantitative and Qualitative Approach [Symposium]. The Archeological Heritage of Oman : An Early Cradle of Arabian Civilization brought to the Forefront of Cultural Resource Management.
Bortolini, E., & Munoz, O. (2012, septembre 7). Evolution of Societies and Funerary Customs from Neolithic to Bronze Age in Oman Peninsula [Symposium]. The Archeological Heritage of Oman : An Early Cradle of Arabian Civilization brought to the Forefront of Cultural Resource Management.
Glassner, J.-J. (2012, septembre 7). Textual Sources about Magan and the Countries of the “Lower Sea” [Symposium]. The Archeological Heritage of Oman : An Early Cradle of Arabian Civilization brought to the Forefront of Cultural Resource Management.
Tosi, M. (2012, septembre 7). Magan: Another Heartland of Bronze Age Civilization. Conquerors of the Desert, Conquerors of the Ocean [Symposium]. The Archeological Heritage of Oman : An Early Cradle of Arabian Civilization brought to the Forefront of Cultural Resource Management.
Lawati, H. bin M. bin A. A.-. (2012, septembre 7). The Archaeological Heritage of Oman: A Work in Progress Exploration, Conservation, Restoration and Public Fruition [Symposium]. The Archeological Heritage of Oman : An Early Cradle of Arabian Civilization brought to the Forefront of Cultural Resource Management.
Al Said, H. bin T. (2012, septembre 7). An Early Cradle of Civilization: The Importance and Greatness of Oman Past [Symposium]. The Archeological Heritage of Oman : An Early Cradle of Arabian Civilization brought to the Forefront of Cultural Resource Management.

We have gathered here today in front of the most distinguished and representative international assembly to celebrate the elements of Oman’s Heritage that extends to several thousands years. During the four decades, and as a result of H.M. Qaboos bin Sa’id Al Sa’id has successfully brought Oman into modernity through many transformations. His leadership has developed and embrace modernity without altering the innermost fabrics of a nation rooted in a glorious past, largely undisclosed till recent times. In reaching this goal, the Ministry of Heritage and Culture has played the key role in the management of our heritage and identity. Since the opening of our borders to archaeology and related disciplines, literally hundreds of field operations have been conducted in collaboration with many of the major research institutions worldwide. The time elapsed since the earliest archaeological investigations in 1973 has witnessed an impressive development in understanding how civilization emerged to transform a land of scarcity into a flywheel of wealth. The results indicate that, contrary to other regions of the world that built their civilizations on kingship, bureaucracy and urbanism, in Oman and Arabia in general society was shaped by the bonds of tribal alliances that raised the architecture of complexity on a foundation of kinship relations. With the emergence of the Magan Civilization at the end of the 4th millennium BCE wealth was created by the establishment of oasis agriculture and by the taming of desert and ocean to serve the needs of subsistence and trade. The Ministry of Heritage and Culture of Oman is currently at a stage where substantial investment is taking place as exemplify by highly targeted research projects with outstanding national programs, that include the creation of the Oman National Museum, an upgrading of the Natural History Museum in the capital area, as well as the building of the Maritime History Museum in the coastal town of Sur. This Symposium presents the many directions undertaken by the Ministry to explore, promote and preserve the physical and intangible expressions of our heritage. In that context, I would like to convey my gratitude and appreciation to all those who have contributed and still do so in the management of Oman’s heritage.
Ogino, I. S. (2014). Djenne et le Ghana : deux modeles sociaux, et la question du commerce trans-saharien. The Annual of the Institute of Economic Research, 45, 413‑432. http://id.nii.ac.jp/1648/00006518/

This paper puts under scrutiny the alleged link between the Trans-Saharian Arabo-Berber trade and the development of complex polities such as the Ghana empire in the West African Sahel. When did Ghana come into existence? As evidence is lacking, the city of Djenne (Jenne) could provide some clues. Meanwhile, the peculiar urbanism of Djenne-Djeno (old Jenne) can be understood as depicting alternative, auto-organizing social relations in the Inland Niger Delta. Furthermore, during the first millennium before and the first millennium after common era, the distinctive «urban cluster» pattern of Djenne-Djeno or Dia in the Macina can be found elsewhere along the Niger Bend and as far downstream as Bentia-Kukiya. Climatic changes affecting the Sahara presumably induced a common Soninke origin for Djenne-Djeno and for the Ghana polity, in both cases via the Neolithic culture of Tichitt. Based on this and on the Wagadu myth of the snake and the rain-maker, some features of Ghana can be underlined. Specifically, the level of economical interactions clearly shows that internal West African networks dealing with copper, salt, stones and staples predated the Trans-Saharian links with the Islamic world, leading to the conclusion that the so-called Arabic stimulus explanation can be dismissed. Finally, the articulation between the two towns of Djenne is addressed.

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بن رزيق, ح. ب. م. (2010). ديوان ابن رزيق (م. ع. ا. خفاجى, Éd.; 2^e éd.). وزارة التراث والثقافة.
Badger, G. P. (2012). مقدمة تاريخ أئمة وسادة عمان (م. ع. الداود, Trad.; 2^e éd.). وزارة التراث والثقافة.
Mekkaoui, A. (2018, mars). Oman : entre continuité et incertitude. Centre Français de Recherche sur le Renseignement. https://cf2r.org/actualite/oman-entre-continuite-incertitude/

Politologue, spécialiste des questions sécuritaires et militaires (Maroc). Membre du Collège des conseillers internationaux du Centre Français de Recherche sur le Renseignement (CF2R). Le processus de succession du sultan Qabous Ibn Taymour Ben Saïd (77 ans) vient enfin d’être lancé en grande pompe, directement après l’annonce de la nomination d’Asåad ben Tarek ben Taymour Al-Saîd, cousin […]

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Bilgin, F. (2013). Tunus Üzerinde Osmanli-Ispanyol Hâkimiyet Mücadelesi (xvi. Asir). Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(44), 181‑201.

The sixteenth century is the time when two great states representing two great civilizations (Islamic and Western) reached their apex on the historical scene. In this century the Ottoman state saw itself as the most powerful state and protector of the Islamic world whereas Catholic Spain regarded itself as the defender of the West and of Christianity. Impelled by religious, military and economic motives these two states confronted each other in order to obtain the overlordship of the geopolitically crucial region of Tunisia in the Central Mediterranean. In the sixteenth century Tunisia gained importance for the Ottomans as a place that needed to be conquered for two reasons: it was situated at the connecting point with Algeria, which was their most important province in Northern Africa; and it was found in a place that controlled the trade routes in the Mediterranean. By contrast, the Spanish state considered it to be of vital importance for the protection of its garrisons in Northern Africa and for the security of its lands in Southern Italy.
قرواز, ف. (2012). حياة الحضارية في الجزائر الرستمية (م909-777/ هـ 296-260) [رسالة ماجستير]. جامعة حسيبة بن بوعلي.

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