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Between 1900 and 1999
- Between 1970 and 1979

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Abstracts

Karabenick, E. (1971). Djerba a Case Study in the Geography of Isolation. Journal of Geography, 70(1), 52–55.

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Sheriff, A. M. H. (1971). The rise of a commercial empire : an aspect of the economic history of Zanzibar, 1770-1873 [PhD, SOAS University of London]. https://doi.org/10.25501/SOAS.00029793

The development of Zanzibar as an entrepot and capital of a vast commercial empire has previously been attributed entirely to the far-sighted policies of Seyyid Said. A re-examination of the economic history of East Africa reveals that economic expansion from the eighteenth century resulted from economic forces which were independent of Omani policies; that these forces were already in motion before Seyyid Said first visited Zanzibar; and that the Omanis manipulated these forces to centralise economic activities at Zanzibar to a greater degree than would otherwise have been achieved, thus forming a commercial empire. The Omani demand for slaves for their expanding date plantations and the increasing French demand in the Mascarenes initiated a rapid expansion of Kilwa's hinterland and the growth of Zanzibar's entrepot role to supply the imports. When the French slave trade suffered a mortal blow from the Napoleonic wars and the eventual prohibition in 1822, the redundant slaves were diverted to the clove plantations of Zanzibar. The second major development was initiated by Portuguese taxation of the ivory trade of Mozambique. By 1801 ivory exports had been halved. To supply the unsatisfied Indian demand, to which was soon to be added European and American demand, the northern ivory hinterland was rapidly expanded during the first quarter of the nineteenth century. The development of the Indian mercantile community facilitated this expansion. The supply of this commodity of the hunt called for a constant expansion of the hinterland and sophistication of the commercial organization which, however, was dependent entirely on a caravan of human shoulders. The demand thus regularly outstripped supply, and ivory prices consequently rose. The price of manufactured imports, on the other hand, tended to remain steady or even decline as a result of mechanisation. The diverging price curves thus constituted a dynamic force for economic expansion. On such a vibrant economic base the Omanis structured their commercial empire. The empire, however, was not built on a stable administrative or political structure, but on a system of influence and common economic interests. In the age of the "Scramble" it merely crumbled.

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Gundara, J. S. (1975). Implications of British extra-territorial jurisdiction over Indians in nineteenth century Zanzibar [PhD, University of Edinburgh]. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/17483

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Wilkinson, J. C. (1970). Arab settlement in Oman : the origins and development of the tribal pattern and its relationship to the Imamate [PhD]. University of Oxford.
Ashford, D. E. (1973). Succession and Social Change in Tunisia. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 4, 23–39.

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Tuson, P. (1979). The records of the British residency and agencies in the Persian Gulf. India Office Library and Records.
Muller, J. (1972). [Review of Review: Socotra: An Archaeological Reconnaissance in 1967. D. BRIAN DOE. Henry Field and Edith M. Laird, eds. Foreword by Henry Field. Coconut Grove, FL: Field Research Projects, 1970. xxi + 156 pp., figures, maps, plates, notes, selected bibliography.n.p. (paper)., by B. Doe]. American Anthropologist, 74(4), 952–953.

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Swanson, J. T. (1975). The Myth of Trans-Saharan Trade during the Roman Era. The International Journal of African Historical Studies, 8(4), 582–600. https://doi.org/10.2307/216697

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Peterson, J. E. (1977). Guerrilla Warfare and Ideological Confrontation in the Arabian Peninsula: the rebellion in Dhufar. World Affairs, 139(4), 278–295.

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Anthony, J. D. (1975). [Review of Review: Muscat and Oman: End of an Era, by Ian Skeet. London: Faber and Faber, 1974. 204 Pages. Maps. Illus. Gloss. Notes to P. 209. Appends. to P. 218. Index to P. 224. ?3.95., by I. Skeet]. Middle East Journal, 29(4), 476–477. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4325430

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Anthony, J. D. (1973). Review : Oman. Musqat, Oman : Department of Information 1972. vii + 55 pages. Foreword. Illus. Appendices to p. 64. Bibl. No price indicated. Middle East Journal, 27(2), 248–249. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4325088

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Katz, K. (1973). Towards a Description of the Traditional Pronunciation of the Jewish Community of Djerba. Proceedings of the World Congress of Jewish Studies / דברי הקונגרס העולמי למדעי היהדות, 115–120.
Attal, R. (1979). Deux rapports de Salomon Reinach sur les Juifs de Tunisie au début du protectorat. Revue des études juives, 138(1–2), 117–126.
Stillman, N. A. (1979). The jews of Arab lands: a history and source book. The jewish publication society.
Reenen, J. van. (1979). Femmes et voisinages à Hara Kebira : rapport d’un stage effectué à Hara Kebira, dans l’île de Jerba (Groupe d’études Tunis, p. 35). V. U.
Juynboll, G. H. A. (1974). The Qur’an Reciter of the Battlefield and Concomitant Issues. Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, 125, 11–27.

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Juynboll, G. H. A. (1973). The Qurra’ in Early Islamic History. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 16(2/3), 113. https://doi.org/10.2307/3596211

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Düster, J. (1971). Die Völkerrechtlichen Verträge Des Sultanats Oman. Verfassung und Recht in Übersee, 4(3), 345–371. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43108157

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Amiji, H. M. (1971). Some Notes on Religious Dissent in Nineteenth-Century East Africa. African Historical Studies, 4(3), 603–616. https://doi.org/10.2307/216531

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Sudairan Khalid, N. al-Wasmi al-. (1973). Les relations entre la France et Mascate de 1844 à 1914 [Thèse de 3e cycle]. Université de Bordeaux.

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