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Throughout my life, my Djerbien grandmothers emphasized the importance of storytelling and of recording the oral history of their small Tunisian island. Djerba is unique in many ways, not least of which is its thriving community of Muslims and Jews who have lived together in peace for centuries. Particularly considering the deep-seeded conflicts between people of these two religions in other parts of the world, I wanted to explore how Djerbiens have used narratives to create and maintain a culture of co-existence. I engaged in in-depth interviews with eight residents of El Hara Esseghira and El Hara Kebira, two Djerbien communities where Muslims and Jews have lived together for over a millennium. Three major themes were revealed in the course of the research: kinship, communal relations, and social identity. The data collected from in-depth interviews, informal interviews, and observation help to explain the co-existence that is prevalent on the island, and can serve as inspiration to diverse communities throughout the world struggling to co-exist. This study will also aid in preserving the richness that exists within Djerbien identity and culture while demonstrating how narratives contribute to a culture of co-existence within their community.
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Ecological and biogeographical characteristics of 14 species of Tenebrionids (Coleoptera Heteromera) so far known for the Djerba Island (Tunisia, Gulf of Gabes) are illustrated for the first time. Basing on distribution we may recognize South-Western Mediterranean species; 3 centro-southern Mediterranean; 1 extended to the shores of Mediterranean Basin; 1 Western-Mediterranean element; 2 limited to South Mediterranean coast east of Morocco; 1 extended from Morocco (Atlantic coast) to Iran and Northern Arabic Peninsula, 1 extended from Algeria to Iran; 1 endemic of Djerba (Stenohelops berettai Marcuzzi), 1 widely distributed (Mediterranean s. lato). The distribution if often of relict type, due probably to its age. Basing on ecology there are 2 psammophilous species, 4 steppic, 3 rather euryoikous. Most Djeba Tenebrionids can be considered steppic (litoral or continental). Beside an endemic, 3 species show a distribution limited to centro-southern part of Mediterranean; the other are Western Mediterranean or widely distributed species (Scleron armatum and still more Tentyriagrossa and Zophosis punctata. The Tenebrionid coenosis –as well as insect coenoses as a whole– are heavily menaced by the continuously increasing anthropization, with human density, agriculture, grazing and tourism. The former determines a pumping of water from pits, with a possible salification of the water table, harmful to both invertebrates and plants. The excavation of clay for handicraft is another menace to environment, here included landscape. Grazing is bringing about a reduction and sometimes disappearance of coastal dunes, because of destruction of local vegetation (especially Gramineae). Measures of conservation characteristics of landscape invoked due to the great ecological and biogeographical interest of Tenebrionid coenoses living on Djerba since Miocene, and due to the systematic status of some species, still discussed, in this as in many steppic and desertic North African localities.
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La Méditerranée a été le trait d'union de la civilisation antique. Par elle ont transité les produits, les hommes, les idées, les modèles économiques, sociaux et politiques. Mais la mer n'est pas un milieu simple. Elle change avec les saisons, avec les aléas climatiques, et avec les savoirs des hommes, qui la rendent alternativement repoussante ou attirante, en font une auxiliaire ou une ennemie, une porte ouverte ou une barrière. Les routes, qui n'y sont ni tracées, ni balisées, sont le produit d'une alchimie complexe où se mêlent conditions naturelles, technologie, savoirs empiriques et règles commerciales. Déterminer les itinéraires précis qu'empruntaient les navigateurs, leurs variations saisonnières, et les temps nécessaires à leurs parcours, sont le fruit de la géographie historique. Ces rythmes du commerce, qui ont constitué la trame de l'économie méditerranéenne antique, ont fondé la représentation du monde des Anciens. Un voyage à travers l'espace-temps de la navigation antique donne les mesures de la mer transmises aux géographes anciens par l'expérience des marins
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- Abū ‘l-Yaqẓān, Ibrāhim (1888-1973) (1)
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