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Unlike other countries in the region, Egypt never had waves of emigrants go out into the world as a diaspora of ambassadors to advertise its cuisine abroad. The flavors, rituals and dishes stayed at home, and were passed down from generation

The relationship between the Sultanate of Oman and Iran is distinct from that of other Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries in terms of historical political relations. What distinguished this relationship was the geographical factor and the nature of the Sultanate of Oman s foreign policy, especially when Sultan Qaboos bin Said took over the Sultanate of Oman and made its foreign policy a starting point for a prudent policy, making its relationship whith Iran a focus of regional and international that it expressed since the advent of the Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979 . the location of the Sultanate of Oman in the Arabian Gulf made it between the two major poles of conflict in the Gulf and the region Iran and Sauadi Arabia despite this it was able to maintain a balanced policy towards Iran as the Sultanate of Oman was able to adopt a balanced position in its foreign policy, unlike the rest of the countries in the region, at a time when the middle East witnessed many events and experiences that made some countries seek to find a space for alliances and join them . the Sultanate of Oman is considered among all the Gulf cooperation Council countries to be the most comfortable country towards Iran this is a result of the balanced behavior that the Sultanate of oman follows in its foreign policy towards Iran as a way to maintain its security because it does not see, in light of its capabilities to deter military threats rather, by managing the threads of balance through calming external threats in the Arabian Gulf it seeks as much as possible to be a source of regional and international trust in order to maintain a balance between the conflicting interests of its neighbors and its supreme national interest represented by its security within a foreign policy that places national intersts and avoiding conflicts as a fundamental goal in its orientations, even after the invasion of Iraq by the United states of America in 2003, to the liberation of the British sailors hostages in 2007 and the effective role the Sultanate of Oman in resolving these crises. أن علاقة سلطنة عُمان مع إيران علاقة تتميز عن غيرها من دول مجلس التعاون الخليج العربية من حيث العلاقات السياسية التاريخية ، والذي ميز هذه العلاقة العامل الجغرافي وطبيعة سياسة سلطنة عُمان الخارجية وخاصة عندما تولى السلطان قابوس بن سعيد سلطنة عُمان وجعل من سياستها الخارجية منطلقاً نحو سياسة حصيفة جعل من علاقتها مع إيران محط وساطة إقليمية ودولية عبرت عنها منذ مجئ الثورة الإسلامية في إيران عام 1979 . أن موقع سلطنة عُمان في الخليج العربي جعل منها ما بين قطبي الصراع الكبيرين في الخليج والمنطقة ايران والسعودية ورغم ذلك فإنها استطاعت من ان تحافظ على سياسة متوازنة تجاه إيران حيث أستطاعت سلطنة عُمان من تبني موقف متوازن في سياستها الخارجية عكس بقية دول المنطقة في وقت شهدت منطقة الشرق الأوسط العديد من الأحداث والتجارب جعلت من بعض الدول تسعى الى إيجاد مساحة من التحالفات والانضمام إليها وتُعد سلطنة عُمان من بين جميع دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي هي الدولة الأكثر أرتياحاً تجاه ايران ، وهذا نتيجة السلوك التوازني الذي تتبعه سلطنة عُمان في سياستها الخارجية تجاه ايران كسبيل للحفاظ على آمنها . لأنها لا ترى في ضوء ما تمتلكه من قدرات على ردع التهديدات العسكرية ، وانما من خلال إدارة خيوط التوازن عبر تهدئة التهديدات الخارجية في الخليج العربي . فهي تسعى قدر الأمكان لكي تكون موضع ثقة إقليمية ودولية ، لأجل الحفاظ على التوازن بين المصالح المتضاربة لجيرانها وبين مصلحتها القومية العُليا المتمثلة بأمنها في ضمن سياسة خارجية تضع المصالح الوطنية والبُعد عن الصراعات كهدف أساسي في توجهاتها حتى بعد غزو العراق من قبل الولايات المتحدة الامريكية عام 2003 . الى تحرير الرهائن البحارة البريطانيين عام 2007 ودور سلطنة عُمان الفعال في حل هذه الأزمات.

Omani folk literature represents a living mirror of the cultural and historical identity of Omani society, reflecting its values, traditions, and worldview through various forms such as Nabati poetry, folktales, proverbs, chants, and performing arts. This literature serves as a repository of collective experiences and a medium for documenting the social, political, and economic transformations Oman has undergone throughout the ages. Folk literature has significantly contributed to strengthening social cohesion by embedding moral and religious values and reinforcing intergenerational bonds through the exchange of stories and proverbs that carry profound wisdom and human experiences. It has also played an educational and awareness-raising role, instilling positive principles such as courage, generosity, and solidarity. Moreover, Omani folk literature has had a notable impact on shaping national consciousness and fostering belonging, as it celebrates heritage, maritime and agricultural traditions, and Oman’s historical role in trade and navigation. With the evolution of Omani society, folk literature has remained a vital tool for preserving cultural identity in the face of globalization, as well as a key pillar in academic studies of heritage and anthropology. Therefore, studying Omani folk literature reveals its central role in nation-building, not merely as a cultural luxury but as a fundamental force in shaping the Omani character and safeguarding its cultural legacy.

شهدت العلاقات بين سلطنة زنجبار وألمانيا خلال فترة حكم السلطان خليفة بن سعيد (1305-1307هـ/ 1888-1890م) تقاربًا على المستوى الدبلوماسي، وتجاذبًا على المستوى السياسي، حيث تزامن اعتلاء السلطان خليفة بن سعيد عرش زنجبار مع اعتلاء ولهلم الثاني (1305-1336هـ/ 1888-1918م) -الشهير في المصادر العربية بالملك غليوم الثاني-عرش ألمانيا. وتوجد نماذج من المراسلات المتبادلة بين السلطان خليفة بن سعيد والامبراطور ولهلم الثاني لدى هيئة الوثائق والمحفوظات الوطنية بسلطنة عُمان، منها: رسالة تعزية من السلطان خليفة إلى الملك ولهلم الثاني بوفاة والده وتهنئته باعتلائه العرش، ورسالة شكر من الملك ولهلم الثاني إلى السلطان خليفة متمنيا من خلالها استمرار العلاقات الودية بين الطرفين. ورسالة شكر من المستشار الألماني بسمارك إلى السلطان خليفة بن سعيد على الوفد المُرسل من قبله لتهنئة الملك بتولي الحكم وغيرها من المراسلات. كما تم عقد اتفاقية اقتصادية بين السلطان خليفة بن سعيد والشركة الألمانية الأفريقية، والمعروفة تاريخيًا باتفاقية تأجير البر الأفريقي، وتم توقيعها في 16 شعبان 1305هـ/ 28 أبريل 1888م، وتتضمن الاتفاقية خمسة عشر بندًا. وخرجت الدراسة بعدد من النتائج، أبرزها أن جذور العلاقات التاريخية الرسمية بين الألمان وسلطنة زنجبار تعود إلى عهد السلطان ماجد بن سعيد بتوقيعه اتفاقية تجارية مع المدن الهانزية الحرة الألمانية: (لوبيك، بريمن، هامبورغ) حول المصالح التجارية المشتركة بين الطرفين، والموقعة بتاريخ: 11/11/1275هـ -13/6/1859م. كما توصلت الدراسة إلى أن العلاقات الألمانية مع سلطنة زنجبار في عهد السلطان خليفة بن سعيد اتخذت بعدين، البعد السياسي- الاقتصادي (الاستعماري)، وهذا يظهر من خلال الشركة الألمانية الأفريقية ومحاولتها التعدي على أملاك سلطنة زنجبار. والبعد الدبلوماسي، ويظهر من خلال المراسلات الودية بين الجانبين، وتبادل السفراء، والوفود والهدايا.الاستشهاد المرجعي بالدراسة:أحلام بنت حمود الجهورية، "العلاقة بين سلطنة زنجبار وألمانيا في عهد السلطان خليفة بن سعيد (1888 – 1890م): دراسة وثائقية".- دورية كان التاريخية.- السنة الثامنة عشرة- العدد الثالث والسبعون؛ نوفمبر 2025. ص150 – 171.

The history of the Hafsid state (625-981 AH / 1227-1573 AD) witnessed the emergence of many families that ruled many cities in the country as deputies of the central authority in Tunisia. These families oscillated in the ruling authority between the ebb and flow of sometimes with complete dependence and sometimes with only nominal dependence and in many cases by declaring complete independence. Among these families is the Banu Makki family, which belongs to the Berber tribe of Lawata, whose star shone in the city of Gabes during the reign of Sultan Abu Zakaria al-Hafsi (625-647 AH / 1227-1249 AD), who appointed them as his deputies in ruling Gabes. However, their loyalty to the central authority soon changed with the beginning of signs of weakness in the state, as they declared their independence from the ruling authority in Tunisia, thus establishing their hereditary emirate, which was ruled by five princes. Due to the importance of the history of these families in that it sheds light on the overall conditions of that era, we chose to study this family in a comprehensive study. The research came in several paragraphs. In the first paragraph, we discussed the city of Gabes from its inception until the era of this family. In the second paragraph, we talked about the lineage of Banu Makki and their appearance on the stage of political life. As for the third paragraph, it came to talk about their most prominent princes. Arriving at the fourth paragraph, which included talking about the relationship of this family with the central authority on the one hand and the other princes who lived with it on the other hand.

L’artisan Taieb Zayoud, originaire de Djerba et reconnu internationalement pour ses œuvres en mosaïque, expose actuellement une œuvre monumentale autour de l’olivier tunisien lors de la Semaine saoudienne et internationale du patrimoine et de l’artisanat. L’exposition se tient à l’université Princesse Nour bint Abdul Rahman, en Arabie Saoudite, du 20 au 27 novembre 2025. Cette

L'association "Jlij" pour l'environnement marin (AJEM) continue de mettre en œuvre l'un des projets environnementaux et de développement les plus importants sur l'île de Djerba : le projet "Fasquiatna" (notre citerne), visant à aménager et entretenir 10 citernes publiques pour la collecte des eaux de pluie. Ces citernes ont été identifiées dans différentes zones de

La composition de l’armée ibadite au Maghreb durant la période médiévale fut soumise à de nombreux facteurs et circonstances, rendant sa structure tribale instable et en perpétuelle évolution. Dans cet article, nous nous proposons d’analyser cette composition en examinant les contributions des tribus berbères à cette armée à travers deux grandes étapes : celle de la fondation de l’État ibadite (à Tripoli et à Tahert), et celle des révoltes ibadites, en particulier la révolte d’Abû Yazîd et l’insurrection de Bâghây au IVe siècle de l’hégire / XIe siècle de l’ère chrétienne.

This paper investigates the concept of Corporate Entrepreneurship (CE) in the Tunisian hotel sector, focusing on Djerba Island during a critical period marked by the 2015 terrorist attacks that severely impacted tourism. The study relies on Zahra’s (1996) conceptual framework, defining CE as a multidimensional construct encompassing Innovation, Corporate Venturing, and Strategic Renewal. An empirical survey was conducted among managers and department heads of 26 operational hotels in Djerba, totaling 158 respondents. Data were analysed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to assess the validity and multidimensionality of CE in this context. Results indicate that CE is a measurable multidimensional construct, with process innovation being the most emphasized dimension, followed by product and organizational innovation, corporate venturing initiatives, and strategic renewal. This research contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence of CE during a crisis in the hotel sector and offers practical insights for management and decision-making.

Most sociological and ethnographical studies of Israeli Mizrahim are disconnected from those of Sephardic and MENA Jewish communities worldwide. Rooted in academic cultures that predate the country's establishment, Mizrahi history in Israel is often deemed either a success story or a shameful story of marginalization in these communities' global histories, and as a sui generis case of Jewish migration. We trace the early origins of this seemingly arbitrary disconnect to nineteenth-century European scholarship on "Sephardic" turned "Oriental" Jews and follow its subsequent entrenchment not only in Mandate Palestine and Israel but also in the United States. By focusing on key scholars working across transregional networks, we show how a Sephardic bias evolved into disciplinary divisions that have constrained the development of MENA Jewish studies. Finally, we call for renewed attention to the historical and contemporary patterns of separation, diffusion, and diasporic mobility that have long characterized MENA Jewish communities.

Araştırmanın amacı İbâzî tefsir geleneğinde ahkâm âyetlerinin nasıl yorumlandığını ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç için incelenilen tefsir Muhammed b. Yûsuf Ettafeyyiş'in son tefsir eseri olan Teysîrü't-Tefsîr'dir. Nitekim Ettafeyyiş mezhebi içerisinde "Kutb" lakabı ile anılan tefsir ve fıkıh ilimleri başta olmak üzere diğer İslâmî ilimlerde de yetkinlik sahibi olan bir müfessirdir. Ettafeyyiş'in de eserinde vurguladığı gibi İbâzıyye mezhebi, Hanefî mezhebi ile ahkâma ait birçok konuda ittifak halindedir. Bunun yanı sıra Şâfîî ve Mâlikî mezhebi ile de birçok meselede ittifakı bulunan Ettafeyyiş eserinde bu benzerlikleri ifade ederken mezhepler ile ihtilaf halinde olduğu konuları da belirtmekten çekinmemiştir. Özellikle Zâhirî mezhebi ile olan ihtilafları, Ettafeyyiş'in ve mezhebinin âyetleri literal okumaktan uzak olduklarını ortaya koymaktadır. İbâzıyye mezhebinin neşet ettiği Hâricî mezhebi ile bir görüş birliği içerisinde olmaması gerek Ettafeyyiş'in gerek İbâzıyye'nin, Hâricîler gibi nasları yorumlamada sert bir tutuma sahip olmadıklarının göstergesidir. Her ne kadar İbâzıyye, Hâricî fırkaları arasından günümüze ulaşan tek zümre olsa da İbâzîler dinin ahkâmı karşısında literal tavırdan uzak durmuş, mutedil bir tutum benimsemiştir. Ettafeyyiş'in sünnî mezhepler ile ittifak ettiği meseleler doğrultusunda İbâzıyye mezhebinin ahkâm konusunda Hâricîlerden ziyade sünnî mezhepler ile olan benzerliğinin daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir.