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Aḥmad b. Mājid is the most renowned author of Arabic navigational literature. Although he is reported to have come from the southern Gulf port of Julfar, the vast majority of his work focuses on navigating the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea, and his compositions contain few details relating to Gulf navigation. The one exception is a short, undated poem describing sailing routes in the Gulf. This paper analyses this unique poem and compares the navigational practices it describes with those in his other navigational works in order better to understand the specific characteristics of Gulf and Indian Ocean navigation in the fifteenth century.
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This paper discusses a record of expenses of an early sixteenth-century Portuguese vessel, the Santa Maria do Monte, during its voyage from Goa to Hormuz and back in 1520-1521, stopping in the Omani ports of Qalhāt, Ṭīwī, Qurayyāt, Muscat (Masqat), and Khawr Fakkān along the way. The route sailed during this voyage is examined in light of regional navigational practices, and the composition of the crew is discussed, emphasizing the significant non-Portuguese population on board. The nature of the ship and the specific costs of maintaining this vessel during the voyage are also addressed. Collectively, the cultural intersections involved with the navigation, the crew, and the maintenance regime of this vessel provide specific examples of maritime relationships in the region. In terms of its broader significance, such evidence of a high concentration of regional actors in a Portuguese instrument of maritime power alludes to a more complex and interdependent relationship between the Portuguese and the Arabian Sea maritime spheres. It also highlights a specific segment of the vibrant maritime Indian Ocean mosaic that the Portuguese were compelled to navigate during their imperial endeavours.
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The Jewel of Muscat Project focused on the reconstruction, based on an early ninth-century shipwreck, of a sewn-plank ship excavated in 1998-1999 off Belitung Island, Indonesia. Analysis of the surviving structure indicated that the ship was originally from the western Indian Ocean, and probably the Arabian Peninsula. The project comprehensively documented the research and construction of this vessel in Oman, and the sailing to Singapore. This paper addresses the technical aspects involved with building the 18 m vessel from the inevitably incomplete excavated remains, and compares the archaeological evidence with the modern reconstruction. It examines the methodological issues involved with creating a conceptual bridge between the fields of archaeology and ethnographic boatbuilding. The paper also provides an overview of the navigation and sailing performance of the vessel, documented by modern instruments. The project deepened our understanding of Early Islamic maritime technology and seafaring, while simultaneously documenting the ancient shipbuilding and navigation traditions of the Arabian Peninsula, which are rapidly becoming extinct.
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This article looks at a specific southern Arabian sailing vessel named the Wolf (al-Dhi’b), in order to better understand the life of a coastal trader on the southern Arabian coast that lived in the last days of commercial sail. Vessels such as the Wolf carried local products such as sardines, abalone and frankincense to northern Oman and Yemen, returning with dates and necessary foodstuffs shipped to Aden from India and East Africa. The article examines the remains of the Wolf, based on data from multiple documentation surveys, in conjunction with information gained from oral history interviews in order to highlight the central role that vessels such as the Wolf played in the maritime economic and social networks of the region.
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This interdisciplinary paper explores the potential of the maritime cultural landscape approach to a recent preliminary study of the island of Masirah in south-eastern Oman. Masirah Island is known for its extended occupation and rich archaeological record and in particular for its intensive use of marine resources from the Neolithic period up to the modern day. The Maritime Footprints project sets out to explore this dynamic maritime cultural landscape through a variety of methodologies. It employs a range of terrestrial and maritime archaeological survey techniques and approaches, mapping selected sites, their geographical context, and associated coastal features; it undertakes maritime ethnographic inquiry, studying the traditional boats, their use and change over time; it records oral traditions and explores memory and practice relating to the sea and maritime activities. Three case studies are identified to explore the changing maritime cultural landscape of the island from prehistory to the modern day in order to reveal a more nuanced appreciation of maritime activity, seafaring, and changing use of the marine resource over time and between the island's two geographically distinct coastlines. Essentially, this project aims to identify the maritime character of Masriah Island noting continuity and change over time and space.
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Sujet
- Archéologie -- Oman (2)
- Navigation -- Oman (2)
- Recension (9)
- Relations -- Oman -- Portugal (1)
Type de ressource
Année de publication
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Entre 2000 et 2026
(14)
- Entre 2010 et 2019 (5)
- Entre 2020 et 2026 (9)